Specifies the window station, desktop, standard handles, and appearance of the main window for a process at creation time.

Syntax

typedef struct _STARTUPINFOA {  DWORD  cb;  LPSTR  lpReserved;  LPSTR  lpDesktop;  LPSTR  lpTitle;  DWORD  dwX;  DWORD  dwY;  DWORD  dwXSize;  DWORD  dwYSize;  DWORD  dwXCountChars;  DWORD  dwYCountChars;  DWORD  dwFillAttribute;  DWORD  dwFlags;  WORD   wShowWindow;  WORD   cbReserved2;  LPBYTE lpReserved2;  HANDLE hStdInput;  HANDLE hStdOutput;  HANDLE hStdError;} STARTUPINFOA, *LPSTARTUPINFOA;

Members

cb

The size of the structure, in bytes.

lpReserved

Reserved; must be NULL.

lpDesktop

The name of the desktop, or the name of both the desktop and window station for this process. A backslash in the string indicates that the string includes both the desktop and window station names.

For more information, seeThread Connection to a Desktop.

lpTitle

For console processes, this is the title displayed in the title bar if a new console window is created. If NULL, the name of the executable file is used as the window title instead. This parameter must be NULL for GUI or console processes that do not create a new console window.

dwX

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USEPOSITION, this member is the x offset of the upper left corner of a window if a new window is created, in pixels. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

The offset is from the upper left corner of the screen. For GUI processes, the specified position is used the first time the new process callsCreateWindow to create an overlapped window if thex parameter ofCreateWindow is CW_USEDEFAULT.

dwY

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USEPOSITION, this member is the y offset of the upper left corner of a window if a new window is created, in pixels. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

The offset is from the upper left corner of the screen. For GUI processes, the specified position is used the first time the new process callsCreateWindow to create an overlapped window if they parameter ofCreateWindow is CW_USEDEFAULT.

dwXSize

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESIZE, this member is the width of the window if a new window is created, in pixels. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

For GUI processes, this is used only the first time the new process callsCreateWindow to create an overlapped window if thenWidth parameter ofCreateWindow is CW_USEDEFAULT.

dwYSize

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESIZE, this member is the height of the window if a new window is created, in pixels. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

For GUI processes, this is used only the first time the new process callsCreateWindow to create an overlapped window if thenHeight parameter ofCreateWindow is CW_USEDEFAULT.

dwXCountChars

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USECOUNTCHARS, if a new console window is created in a console process, this member specifies the screen buffer width, in character columns. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

dwYCountChars

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USECOUNTCHARS, if a new console window is created in a console process, this member specifies the screen buffer height, in character rows. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

dwFillAttribute

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USEFILLATTRIBUTE, this member is the initial text and background colors if a new console window is created in a console application. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

This value can be any combination of the following values: FOREGROUND_BLUE, FOREGROUND_GREEN, FOREGROUND_RED, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY, BACKGROUND_BLUE, BACKGROUND_GREEN, BACKGROUND_RED, and BACKGROUND_INTENSITY. For example, the following combination of values produces red text on a white background:

FOREGROUND_RED| BACKGROUND_RED| BACKGROUND_GREEN| BACKGROUND_BLUE

dwFlags

A bitfield that determines whether certainSTARTUPINFO members are used when the process creates a window. This member can be one or more of the following values.

wShowWindow

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW, this member can be any of the values that can be specified in thenCmdShow parameter for theShowWindow function, except for SW_SHOWDEFAULT. Otherwise, this member is ignored.

For GUI processes, the first timeShowWindow is called, itsnCmdShow parameter is ignoredwShowWindow specifies the default value. In subsequent calls toShowWindow, thewShowWindow member is used if thenCmdShow parameter ofShowWindow is set to SW_SHOWDEFAULT.

cbReserved2

Reserved for use by the C Run-time; must be zero.

lpReserved2

Reserved for use by the C Run-time; must be NULL.

hStdInput

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, this member is the standard input handle for the process. If STARTF_USESTDHANDLES is not specified, the default for standard input is the keyboard buffer.

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USEHOTKEY, this member specifies a hotkey value that is sent as thewParam parameter of aWM_SETHOTKEY message to the first eligible top-level window created by the application that owns the process. If the window is created with the WS_POPUP window style, it is not eligible unless the WS_EX_APPWINDOW extended window style is also set. For more information, seeCreateWindowEx.

Otherwise, this member is ignored.

hStdOutput

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, this member is the standard output handle for the process. Otherwise, this member is ignored and the default for standard output is the console window's buffer.

If a process is launched from the taskbar or jump list, the system setshStdOutput to a handle to the monitor that contains the taskbar or jump list used to launch the process. For more information, see Remarks.Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003:  This behavior was introduced in Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.

hStdError

IfdwFlags specifies STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, this member is the standard error handle for the process. Otherwise, this member is ignored and the default for standard error is the console window's buffer.

Remarks

For graphical user interface (GUI) processes, this information affects the first window created by theCreateWindow function and shown by theShowWindow function. For console processes, this information affects the console window if a new console is created for the process. A process can use theGetStartupInfo function to retrieve theSTARTUPINFO structure specified when the process was created.

If a GUI process is being started and neither STARTF_FORCEONFEEDBACK or STARTF_FORCEOFFFEEDBACK is specified, the process feedback cursor is used. A GUI process is one whose subsystem is specified as "windows."

If a process is launched from the taskbar or jump list, the system setsGetStartupInfo to retrieve theSTARTUPINFO structure and check thathStdOutput is set. If so, useGetMonitorInfo to check whetherhStdOutput is a valid monitor handle (HMONITOR). The process can then use the handle to position its windows.

If theSTARTF_UNTRUSTEDSOURCE flag is specified, the application should be aware that the command line is untrusted. If this flag is set, applications should disable potentially dangerous features such as macros, downloaded content, and automatic printing. This flag is optional, but applications that callCreateProcess are encouraged to set this flag when launching a program with untrusted command line arguments (such as those provided by web content) so that the newly created process can apply appropriate policy.

TheSTARTF_UNTRUSTEDSOURCE flag is supported starting in Windows Vista, but it is not defined in the SDK header files prior to the Windows 10 SDK. To use the flag in versions prior to Windows 10, you can define it manually in your program.

Examples

The following code example shows the use ofStartUpInfoA.

#include <windows.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <tchar.h>void _tmain( int argc, TCHAR *argv[] ){    STARTUPINFO si;    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;    ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );    si.cb = sizeof(si);    ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );    if( argc != 2 )    {        printf("Usage: %s [cmdline]\n", argv[0]);        return;    }    // Start the child process.     if( !CreateProcess( NULL,   // No module name (use command line)        argv[1],        // Command line        NULL,           // Process handle not inheritable        NULL,           // Thread handle not inheritable        FALSE,          // Set handle inheritance to FALSE        0,              // No creation flags        NULL,           // Use parent's environment block        NULL,           // Use parent's starting directory         &si,            // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure        &pi )           // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure    )     {        printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d).\n", GetLastError() );        return;    }    // Wait until child process exits.    WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE );    // Close process and thread handles.     CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );    CloseHandle( pi.hThread );}

For more information about this example, seeCreating Processes.

Requirements

See also

CreateProcess

CreateProcessAsUser

CreateProcessWithLogonW

CreateProcessWithTokenW

GetStartupInfo