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Partisan Yugoslavia

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.

Tentera Pembebasan Nasional dan Detasmen Partisan Yugoslavia
Terlibat dalamPerang Dunia II di Yugoslavia
Bendera Partisan Yugoslavia
Aktif	1941–1945
Ideologi	Komunisme^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Marxisme–Leninisme Pembebasan nasional Anti-fasisme Republikanisme^[6] Yugoslavisme Pro-Soviet^[7]^[8]^[9]
Pemimpin	Josip Broz Tito Ivan Ribar Andrija Hebrang Aleksandar Ranković Koča Popović Svetozar Vukmanović Milovan Đilas Boris Kidrič Mihajlo Apostolski
Ibu pejabat	Mudah alih, disangkut ke Kumpulan Operasi Utama
Kawasan operasi	Yugoslavia taklukan Paksi Romania (tujuan perlindungan)^[10] Itali (wilayahIstria, pulauCres danLošinj,Fiume,Zara, sebahagianFriuli-Venezia Giulia, terutamaTrieste) Jerman Nazi (sebahagianCarinthia pada Mei 1945 sahaja)
Sekutu	Pihak Bersekutu Soviet Union United Kingdom United States Bekas Kuasa Paksi: Bulgaria(1944–45) Puak Bersekutu lain: Gerakan Pembebasan Nasional (Albania) Chetnik(1941) Penyokong Sekutu lain: Kerajaan buangan Yugoslavia(1944–45,de jure)
Lawan	Kuasa Paksi: Jerman Nazi Rejim Nedić' Kor Sukarela Serbia Pengawal Negara Serbia Chetnik Pećanac Pengawal Tanah Air Slovene Montenegro(1943–44) Kor Perlindungan Rusia Albania(1943–44) Itali Montenegro(1941–43) Albania(1941–43) Hungary Bulgaria(1941–44) Negara Merdeka Croatia(1941–45) Kolaborator Paksi lain: Chetnik Balli Kombëtar Militia Islam Sandžak Musuh lain: Kerajaan buangan Yugoslavia(1941–44)
Pertempuran/ perang	Pemberontakan Montenegro Pemberontakan Srb Republik Užice Republik Bihać Pertempuran Neretva Pertempuran Sutjeska Pertempuran Kozara Serangan ke atas Drvar Pertempuran Belgrade Barisan Syrmian Operasi Trieste (most notable)

Pejuang Partisan Yugoslavia,^{[note 1]}^[11] atauTentera Pembebasan Nasional,^{[note 2]} secara rasminyaTentera Pembebasan Nasional dan Detasmen Partisan Yugoslavia,^{[note 3]}^[12] adalah pemberontakanti-fasis pimpinankomunis yang menentangKuasa Paksi (terutamanyaJerman) ditaklukan Yugoslavia semasaPerang Dunia II. Dipimpin olehJosip Broz Tito,^[13] pejuang Partisan dianggap sebagaigerakan penentang antiPaksi yang paling efektif di Eropah semasa Perang Dunia II.^[14]^[15]^[16]

Pada asalnya ia merupakanpasukan gerila, puak Partisan berkembang menjadi sebuah pasukan pejuang besar yang terlibat dalampeperangan konvensional kemudiannya, berjumlah kira-kira 650,000 orang pada akhir tahun 1944 dan disusun dalam 4tentera darat medan dan 52divisyen. Objektif utama puak Partisan ialah pembebasan tanah Yugoslavia dari tentera penjajah dan pembentukan negara komunis berbilang etnik di Yugoslavia.

Pejuang Partisan disusun atas inisiatif Tito selepaspencerobohan tentera Paksi ke atas Yugoslavia pada April 1941, dan memulakan kempen aktif gerila terhadap tentera penjajah selepasJerman menceroboh Soviet Union pada bulan Jun. Satupemberontakan berskala besar telah dilancarkan pada Julai, kemudian disertai oleh pejuangChetnik Draža Mihailović, yang membawa kepada pembentukan singkatRepublik Užice. Pihak Paksi melancarkanbeberapa siri penyerangan sebagai tindak balas tetapi gagal memusnahkan sepenuhnya kepimpinan mereka dan pejuang Partisan yang mudah alih. Pada akhir tahun 1943 pihak Sekutu telah menukar sokongan mereka dari Mihailović ke Tito ketika kerjasama Chetnik bertambah jelas, dan pihak Partisan mendapat pengiktirafan rasmi diPersidangan Tehran. Pada musim gugur 1944, pihak Partisan danTentera Merah Soviet membebaskanBelgrade setelahPenyerangan Belgrade. Pada pengakhiran perang, pejuang Partisan telah menguasai seluruh negara sertaTrieste danCarinthia. Selepas perang, pejuang Partisan telah disusun semula sebagaiangkatan tentera tetap bagiRepublik Persekutuan Sosialis Yugoslavia yang baru ditubuhkan.

Lihat juga

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Nota kaki

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^Serbo-Croatian,Macedonian,Slovene:Partizani, Партизани
^Bahasa Serbia-Croatia: [Narodnooslobodilačka vojska]Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ);Macedonia:Народноослободителна војска (НОВ);Slovenia:Narodnoosvobodilna vojska (NOV)
^Bahasa Serbia-Croatia: [Narodnooslobodilačka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije]Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (NOV i POJ), Народноослободилачка војска и партизански одреди Југославије (НОВ и ПОЈ);Macedonia:Народноослободителна војска и партизански одреди на Југославија (НОВ и ПОЈ);Slovenia:Narodnoosvobodilna vojska in partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV in POJ)

Nota

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^Fisher, Sharon (2006).Political change in post-Communist Slovakia and Croatia: from nationalist to Europeanist.Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 27.ISBN 978-1-4039-7286-6.
^Jones, Howard (1997).A new kind of war: America's global strategy and the Truman Doctrine in Greece.Oxford University Press. m/s. 67.ISBN 978-0-19-511385-3.
^Hupchick, Dennis P. (2004).The Balkans: from Constantinople to communism.Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 374.ISBN 978-1-4039-6417-5.
^Rosser, John Barkley; Marina V. Rosser (2004).Comparative economics in a transforming world economy.MIT Press. m/s. 397.ISBN 978-0-262-18234-8.
^Chant, Christopher (1986).The encyclopedia of codenames of World War II.Routledge. m/s. 109.ISBN 978-0-7102-0718-0.
^"Partisans: War in the Balkans 1941–1945". BBC.Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 28 November 2011. Dicapai pada19 November 2011.
^PROGLAS POKRAJINSKOG KOMITETA KPJ ZA SRBIJU
^PROGLAS POKRAJINSKOG KOMITETA KPJ ZA VOJVODINU
^PROGLAS OKRUŽNOG KOMITETA KPJ ZA KRAGUJEVAC
^Third Axis Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945, by Mark Axworthy, Cornel Scafeş and Cristian Crăciunoiu, page 159
^Curtis, Glenn E. (1992).Yugoslavia: A Country Study.Library of Congress. m/s. 39.ISBN 978-0-8444-0735-7.
^Trifunovska, Snežana (1994).Yugoslavia Through Documents:From Its Creation to Its Dissolution.Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. m/s. 209.ISBN 978-0-7923-2670-0.
^Rusinow, Dennison I. (1978).The Yugoslav experiment 1948–1974.University of California Press. m/s. 2.ISBN 978-0-520-03730-4.
^Ralat petik: Tag<ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernamaJJR2013_OxfordPress
^Ralat petik: Tag<ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernamaAS_2005
^"Partisan | Yugoslavian military force".Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada2021-03-26.

Rujukan

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Hoare, Marko Attila (2006).Genocide and Resistance in Hitler's Bosnia: The Partisans and the Chetniks. Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-726380-8.
Hoare, Marko Attila (2011). "The Partisans and the Serbs". Dalam Ramet, Sabrina P.; Listhaug, Ola (penyunting).Serbia and the Serbs in World War Two. London, England: Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 201–224.ISBN 978-0-23034-781-6.
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Bacaan lanjut

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Bokovoy, Melissa (1998).Peasants and Communists: Politics and Ideology in the Yugoslav Countryside. University of Pittsburgh Press.ISBN 978-0-8229-4061-6.
Brown, Alec, penyunting (November 1946)."Diaries from Yugoslav Liberation".The Slavonic and East European Review.25 (64): 181–205.JSTOR 4203806.
Irvine, Jill (1992).The Croat Question: Partisan Politics in the Formation of the Yugoslav Socialist State. Westview Press.ISBN 978-0-8133-8542-6.
Jakiša, Miranda (2015).Partisans in Yugoslavia. Literature, Film and Visual Culture. transcript Verlag.ISBN 978-3-8376-2522-6.

Pautan luar

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THE GERMAN CAMPAIGNS IN THE BALKANS (SPRING 1941) reprinted by theUnited States Army Center of Military History

Templat:World War II

Pangkalan data kawalan kewibawaan
Antarabangsa	ISNI
Kebangsaan	Amerika Syarikat Israel
Lain	LUX: Yale

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