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Senarai hari kemerdekaan negara

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
(Dilencongkan daripadaHari Kemerdekaan)
Bagi hari patriotik yang tidak semestinya berkaitan kemerdekaan, lihatHari Kebangsaan.
  Hari kebangsaan berkaitan kemerdekaan
  Hari kebangsaan berkaitan pemersatuan/revolusi
  Hari kebangsaan untuk sebab lain
  Tiada hari kebangsaan rasmi

Hari kemerdekaan ialah suatu acara tahunan bagimemperingatiulang tahun kemerdekaan ataupenegaraan sesebuahbangsa, kebiasaannya selepas luputnya sebuah kumpulan atau bahagian dari negara lain, atau selepas berakhirnyapendudukan ketenteraan, atau selepas perubahan besar dalam pemerintahan. Banyak negara memperingati kemerdekaan mereka daripadaempayar penjajah.

Tidak semua negara menjadikan kemerdekaan sebagaiperayaan kebangsaan. Banyak, sepertiAustralia,Kanada,Denmark,New Zealand,Ireland,Luxembourg,Arab Saudi,Afrika Selatan,Taiwan, danTurki menjadikan tarikh penting yang lain.

Senarai

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Senarai hari kemerdekaan negara seluruh dunia
NegaraNama hariTarikhTahun acaraKemerdekaan dariPeristiwa diperingati dan nota
 AfghanistanHari Kemenangan19 Ogos1919 United KingdomAnglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 orTreaty of Rawalpindi, an armistice between theUnited Kingdom and Afghanistan during theThird Anglo-Afghan War.[1]
Liberation Day15 Februari1989 Kesatuan SovietSoviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
 AlbaniaIndependence Day28 November1912 Empayar UthmaniyahAlbanian Declaration of Independence. The following day, 3 September 1943, 29 November, is celebrated as theLiberation Day and commemorates the end of theGerman occupation in 1944.[2]
 AlgeriaIndependence Day5 July1962 PerancisAlgeria gained independence following theAlgerian War and theAlgerian independence referendum. France officially recognized independent Algeria on 3 July, but the Independence Day is celebrated on 5 July, the day of thefall of Algiers in 1830 and the beginning ofFrench Algeria.[3][4]
 AngolaIndependence Day11 November1975 PortugalTheAlvor Agreement, signed on 15 Januari 1975, granted Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November, ending theAngolan War of Independence.[5]
 Antigua dan BarbudaIndependence Day1 November1981 United KingdomThe effective date of the Antigua Termination of Association Order passed by theParliament of the United Kingdom in July.[6][7]
 ArgentinaIndependence Day9 July1816[8] Empayar SepanyolArgentine Declaration of Independence.
 ArmeniaRepublic Day28 May1918[9]Transcaucasian Democratic Federative RepublicDeclaration of Independence of Armenia (1918).
Independence Day21 September1991Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic1991 Armenian independence referendum.
 AzerbaijanIndependence Day28 May1918Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDeclaration of Independence of Azerbaijan
Day of Restoration of Independence18 October1991[10] Kesatuan SovietAdoption of the constitutional act "On the State Independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan"[10]
 BahamasIndependence Day10 July1973 United KingdomEffective date of The Bahamas Independence Order 1973[11]
 BahrainIndependence Day16 December1971 United KingdomAscension ofIsa bin Salman Al Khalifa to the throne.[12]
 BangladeshIndependence Day26 March1971 PakistanProclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
Victory Day16 December1971Victory overPakistan Armed Forces in theBangladesh Liberation War
 BarbadosIndependence Day30 November1966 United KingdomEffective date of theBarbados Independence Act 1966. Also the anniversary of the formal proclamation of Barbados as a Republic in the Commonwealth in 2021.
 BelarusIndependence Day3 July1944 Jerman NaziTheliberation of Minsk after several years ofGerman occupation in 1944. Two other independence days – 25 Mac (proclamation of theBelarusian People's Republic in 1918) and 27 Julai (independence from theSoviet Union in 1990) – are commemorated unofficially.[13]
 BelgiumNational Day21 July1831BelandaNetherlandsAscension ofLeopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld to the throne.[14]
 BelizeIndependence Day21 September1981 United KingdomEffective day of theBelize Act 1981.[15]
 BeninIndependence Day1 Ogos1960 PerancisEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 Julai creating the independentRepublic of Dahomey.[16]
 BhutanNational Day17 December1907
 BoliviaIndependence Day6 Ogos1825 SepanyolBolivian Declaration of Independence.
 Bosnia dan HerzegovinaIndependence Day1 March1992 Yugoslavia1992 Bosnian independence referendum.
 BotswanaIndependence Day30 September1966 United KingdomEffective date of the Botswana Independence Act 1966.[17]
 BrazilIndependence Day (Dia da Independência)7 September1822 PortugalDeclaration of independence byPedro I of Brazil (seeIndependence of Brazil).[18]
 BruneiNational Day23 Februari1984 United KingdomBrunei gained full independence effective 1 Januari 1984 under the Treaty of Friendship and Co-operation of 7 Januari 1979 betweenUnited Kingdom and Brunei.[19] However, the celebrations of the first National Day were delayed until 23 Februari and that day continues to be celebrated since.[20]
 BulgariaLiberation Day3 March1878 Empayar UthmaniyahTreaty of San Stefano which created the autonomousPrincipality of Bulgaria.[21]
Independence Day22 September1908[22]Bulgarian Declaration of Independence.[22]
 Burkina FasoProclamation of Independence Day11 December1958 PerancisEffective date whenFrench Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in theFrench Community.
Independence Day5 Ogos1960[23]Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 Julai and creation of the independentRepublic of Upper Volta.[16]
 BurundiIndependence Day1 July1962 BelgiumEffective date of theUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating theRuanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
 KembojaIndependence Day9 November1953 PerancisCeremony transferring military from French to Cambodian officials based on a military hand-over agreement reached on 17 Oktober 1953.[26][27]
 CameroonNational Day20 May1960 United Kingdom
 Perancis		Cameroon gained independence on 1 Januari 1960, but does not celebrate that date. Instead, it celebrates theNational Day on 20 Mei commemorating the1972 Cameroonian constitutional referendum.[28]
 KanadaCanada Day1 July1867 United KingdomCanada Day on 1 Julai commemorates the establishment of the Dominion ofCanada in 1867.[29]
 Tanjung VerdeIndependence Day5 July1975 PortugalEffective date of the Agreement Between Portugal andPartido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) signed on 18 Disember 1974.[30]
 Republik Afrika TengahNational Day1 December1958 PerancisEffective date when Central African Republic became an autonomous republic of theFrench Community.[31]
Independence Day13 Ogos1960[32]Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
 ChadRepublic Day28 November1958[33]Effective date when Chad became an autonomous republic in theFrench Community.[34]
Independence Day11 Ogos1960Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
 ChileIndependence Day (part ofFiestas Patrias)18 September1810 Empayar SepanyolEstablishment of theGovernment Junta of Chile.[35] The following day, 19 September, is celebrated as the Army Day.[36] The two holidays collectively are known asFiestas Patrias.[37]
 Republik Rakyat ChinaNational Day1 October1949Templat:Country data Republic of China (1912-1949)Republic of ChinaMao Zedong's formalproclamation of the establishment of the People's Republic of China
 ColombiaIndependence Day20 July1810 Empayar SepanyolColombian Declaration of Independence
 ComorosIndependence Day6 July1975 PerancisUnilateral declaration of independence by the Chamber of Deputies of Comoros following the1974 Comorian independence referendum.[38]
 Republik Demokratik CongoIndependence Day30 June1960 BelgiumEffective date of the Treaty of Friendship, Assistance and Co-operation between Belgium and the Congo concluded on 29 Jun 1960.[39]
 Republik CongoRepublic Day28 November1958[40] PerancisEffective date when Congo became an autonomous republic in theFrench Community.[40]
Independence Day15 Ogos1960 Perancis
 Costa RicaIndependence Day15 September1821 Empayar SepanyolAct of Independence of Central America.[perlu rujukan]
 CroatiaNational Day30 May[41]1990[42] YugoslaviaFirst session of theCroatian Parliament following the1990 Croatian parliamentary election.[42] 8 Oktober (when the parliament adopted a decision to sever constitutional relations withYugoslavia in 1991) and 25 Jun (when the parliament voted for independence in 1991) were also celebrated as independence days. After the 2019 changes to the law on public holidays, 8 Oktober is the Parliament Day and 25 Jun is the Independence Day, but they are memorial days and not public holidays.[41]
 CubaCommencement of the Wars of Independence[43]10 October1868[44] Empayar SepanyolCall to rebellion (known asGrito de Yara) by sugar planterCarlos Manuel de Cespedes that led to theTen Years' War for independence.[45]
 CyprusIndependence Day1 October1960 United KingdomEffective date of theLondon-Zürich Agreements was 16 Ogos 1960, but the public holiday was moved to 1 Oktober to avoid summer heat and tourist season.[46]
 Republik CzechIndependence28 October1918 Austria-HungaryIndependence declaration by theCzechoslovak National Council.[47] Official day of independence of theCzech Republic
Restoration Day1 Januari1993[48] CzechoslovakiaEffective date of thePeaceful Dissolution of Czechoslovakia intoCzech Republic andSlovakia.[49]
 DjiboutiIndependence Day27 June1977 Perancis
 DominikaIndependence Day3 November1978 United Kingdom
 Republik DominikaIndependence Day30 November1821 Empayar SepanyolIndependence from Spain in November 1821.[50]
27 Februari1844Templat:Country data Republic of Haiti (1820–1849)Independence re-declared fromHaiti in 1844, after a 22-year occupation. Start of theDominican War of Independence.
Restoration Day16 Ogos1863 Empayar SepanyolDay ofGrito del Capotillo on Ogos 16, 1863. Independence officially restored from Spain on Julai 11, 1865 after victory in theDominican Restoration War.
 Timor LesteProclamation of Independence Day28 November1975 PortugalEast Timor Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the Portuguese rule in 1975.
 EcuadorIndependence Day10 Ogos1809 Empayar SepanyolProclaimed independence on 10 Ogos 1809, but failed with the execution of all the conspirators of the movement on 2 Ogos 1810.
 MesirRevolution Day23 July1952 United Kingdom
 El SalvadorIndependence Day15 September1821 Empayar SepanyolAct of Independence of Central America.[perlu rujukan]
 Guinea KhatulistiwaIndependence Day12 October1968 Sepanyol
 EritreaIndependence Day24 May1991 HabsyahEritrean War of Independence.
 EstoniaIndependence Day24 Februari1918Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicEstonian Declaration of Independence.
Day of Restoration of Independence[51]20 Ogos1991 Kesatuan Soviet[51]Estonian Restoration of Independence.
 EswatiniIndependence Day (Somhlolo Day)6 September1968 United KingdomCommemorates independence.[52] Also called Somhlolo Day or Subhuza Day, after the 19th-century leaderSobhuza I.[53]
 FijiFiji Day10 October1970 United KingdomInstruments of Independence
 FinlandIndependence Day6 December1917Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicFinnish Declaration of Independence
 GabonIndependence Day16–17 Ogos1960 PerancisEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 15 July.[16]
 GambiaIndependence Day18 Februari1965 United KingdomEffective date of theGambia Independence Act 1964.
 Georgia (negara)Independence Day26 May1918Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDay of the proclamation of theDemocratic Republic of Georgia in 1918.
National Unity Day9 April1991 Kesatuan Soviet
 JermanGerman Unity Day3 October1990 Jerman Barat
 Jerman Timur
 Kesatuan Soviet		It commemoratesGerman reunification in 1990 when the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) were unified.
 GhanaIndependence Day6 March1957 United Kingdom
 GreeceIndependence Day25 March1821 Empayar UthmaniyahDeclaration of independence 1821. Start of theGreek War of Independence.
 GrenadaIndependence Day7 Februari1974 United Kingdom
 GuatemalaIndependence Day15 September1821 Empayar SepanyolAct of Independence of Central America.[perlu rujukan]
 GuineaIndependence Day2 October1958 Perancis
 Guinea-BissauIndependence Day24 September1973 Portugal
 GuyanaIndependence Day26 May1966 United Kingdom
 HaitiIndependence Day1 Januari1804Templat:Country data French First Republic
 Sepanyol		Haitian Declaration of Independence.
 HondurasIndependence Day15 September1821 Empayar SepanyolAct of Independence of Central America.[perlu rujukan]
 HungaryDay of Hungarian Freedom (A magyar szabadság napja)Last Saturday of June1991 Hungarian People's Republic
 Kesatuan Soviet		Restoration of Hungary's sovereignty after the withdrawal of Soviet troops in Jun 1991.[54][55]
 IcelandNational Day17 June1944 DenmarkEffective date of the dissolution of theDanish–Icelandic Act of Union following the1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum.[56]
 IndiaIndependence Day (Swatantra Diwas)15 Ogos1947 United KingdomEffective date of theIndian Independence Act 1947.[a]
 IndonesiaIndependence Day (Hari Kemerdekaan)17 Ogos1945 Empayar Jepun
 Belanda		Proclamation of Indonesian Independence.
 IranIranian Islamic Republic Day1 April1979Templat:Country data Imperial State of PersiaAfter holding a referendum, Iran officially became an Islamic republic in April 1979.[57]
 IraqIndependence Day3 October1932 United Kingdom
 IsraelIndependence Day (Yom Ha'atzmaut)Iyar 5(On or between 15 April and 15 May, depending on theHebrew calendar).1948 United Kingdom
Templat:Country data Mandatory Palestine
Templat:Country data League of NationsBritish Mandate for Palestine		Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 Mei 1948 (5 Iyar 5708 in theHebrew calendar).Yom Ha'atzmaut is celebrated on the Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday nearest to 5 Iyar, so it occurs between 3 and 6 Iyar each year; this means that the holiday can fall any time between and including 15 April and 15 May, according to theGregorian calendar.
 Côte d'IvoireIndependence Day7 Ogos1960 PerancisEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
 JamaicaIndependence Day6 Ogos1962 United KingdomIndependence of Jamaica.
 JepunNational Foundation Day11 Februari660 BCE
 JordanIndependence Day25 May1946 United Kingdom
Templat:Country data Emirate of Transjordan
Templat:Country data League of NationsMandate for Palestine		Ascension ofAbdullah I of Jordan to the throne.[56]
 KazakhstanIndependence Day16 December1991 Kesatuan Soviet
 KenyaJamhuri Day12 December1963 United Kingdom
 KiribatiIndependence Day12 July1979 United KingdomKiribati gained its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming a sovereign state in 1979.
 Korea UtaraNational Liberation Day of Korea

(Chogukhaebangŭi nal)

15 Ogos1945 Empayar JepunLiberation from theEmpire of Japan in 1945. SeeJapanese Occupation of Korea. TheDemocratic People's Republic of Korea was founded in 1948.
 Korea SelatanMac 1st Movement (Samiljeol)1 March1919Korean Declaration of Independence in 1919. This day is celebrated asSamiljeol, or Independence Proclamation Day.
National Liberation Day of Korea (Gwangbokjeol)15 Ogos1945Liberation from theEmpire of Japan in 1945. SeeJapanese Occupation of Korea. TheProvisional Government of the Republic of Korea was founded in 1919.
 KosovoIndependence Day17 Februari2008 SerbiaFebruari 17th is celebrated as Independence Day in Kosovo, commemorating the declaration of independence from Serbia in 2008, marking a significant milestone in the nation's history.
 KuwaitNational Day25 Februari1961 United KingdomIndependence actually occurred on 19 Jun 1961, but celebrate on 25 Februari each year to honorSheikh Abdullah Al-Salim, who is credited with ending the treaties with Britain and instigating democratic life in Kuwait.
 KyrgyzstanIndependence Day31 Ogos1991 Kesatuan Soviet
 LatviaProclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia18 November1918Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
 Empayar Jerman		Proclamation of independence on 18 November 1918. Latvia was part ofRussian Empire prior to World War I, but its territoryhad been ceded toGerman Empire in Mac 1918.
Day of Restoration of Independence4 May1990 Kesatuan SovietOn the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia.
 LubnanIndependence Day22 November1943Templat:Country data Vichy France
 LesothoIndependence Day4 October1966 United Kingdom
 LiberiaIndependence Day26 July1847American Colonization SocietyLiberian Declaration of Independence.
 LibyaIndependence Day24 December1951 United Kingdom
 Itali
 Perancis		Independence fromItaly on 10 Februari 1947, released fromBritish andFrench on 24 Disember 1951.
 LiechtensteinNational Day15 Ogos1866Templat:Country data German Confederation
 LithuaniaStatehood Restoration Day16 Februari1918Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
 Empayar Jerman		Act of Independence of Lithuania.
Independence Restoration Day11 March1990 Kesatuan SovietAct of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
 MadagaskarIndependence Day26 June1960 Perancis
 MalawiIndependence Day6 July1964 United Kingdom
 MalaysiaIndependence Day/National Day (Hari Kemerdekaan/Hari Kebangsaan)31 Ogos1957Malayan Declaration of Independence.
Malaysia Day (Hari Malaysia)16 September1965Malaysia Agreement
 MaldivesIndependence Day26 July1965 United Kingdom
 MaliIndependence Day22 September1960 Perancis
 MaltaIndependence Day21 September1964 United Kingdom
 Kepulauan MarshallConstitution Day1 May1979 Amerika Syarikat
 MauritaniaIndependence Day28 November1960 PerancisEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 19 October.[16]
 MauritiusIndependence Day12 March1968 United Kingdom
 MexicoCry of DoloresGrito de Dolores
Independence DayDía de la Independéncia		16 September1810 Empayar SepanyolStart of theMexican War of Independence.
 Persekutuan MikronesiaIndependence Day3 November1986 Amerika SyarikatEffective date of theCompact of Free Association.
 MoldovaIndependence Day27 Ogos1991 Kesatuan SovietMoldovan Declaration of Independence.
 MongoliaIndependence Day29 December[58]1911 Dinasti Qing[59][60]Independence declared in 1911 during theXinhai Revolution. However, Mongolian independence was neither recognized byQing China nor its successor state, theRepublic of China. TheImperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor issued in 1912 provided the legal basis for theRepublic of China to inherit all Qing territories, including Mongolia.[61][62][63] The Republic of China later establishedde facto control over Mongolia in 1919. Mongolia subsequentlyre-asserted its independence in 1921.
 MontenegroIndependence Day21 May2006 Serbia dan Montenegro2006 Montenegrin independence referendum.
 MaghribiProclamation of Independence Day11 Januari1944 Perancis
 Sepanyol		Proclamation of Independence.
Independence Day18 November1955Return ofMohammed V of Morocco from exile.
 MozambiqueIndependence Day
Dia da Independência Nacional		25 June1975 PortugalIn September 1964 theMozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) began an armed guerilla campaign against the Portuguese. FRELIMO took control ofMaputo in April 1974 in a coup. Independence for Mozambique was officially declared a year later on 25 Jun 1975.[64]
 MyanmarIndependence Day4 Januari1948 United KingdomBurmese Declaration of Independence.
 NamibiaIndependence Day21 March1990 Afrika Selatan
 NauruIndependence Day31 Januari1968 United Kingdom
 Australia
 New Zealand		End of Nauru's status as aUnited Nations trust territory. Also marks the date of the return of the Nauruans fromTruk island after theJapanese occupation of Nauru duringWorld War II.[65]
 NicaraguaIndependence Day15 September1821 SepanyolAct of Independence of Central America.[perlu rujukan]
 NigerIndependence Day3 Ogos1960 PerancisEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
 NigeriaIndependence Day1 October1960 United Kingdom
 Macedonia UtaraRepublic Day2 Ogos1903 Empayar UthmaniyahRepublic Day: Recognition of the establishment of the short-livedKruševo Republic during theIlinden Uprising.
Independence Day (Den na nezavisnosta)8 September1991 Yugoslavia
 NorwayConstitution Day17 May1814 DenmarkNational Day: Independence and theConstitution of Norway (17 Mei 1814).
Independence Day7 June1905 SwedenUnion Dissolution and Independence Day (7 Jun 1905).
 OmanNational Day18 November1650 Portugal
 PakistanIndependence Day (Youm-e-Azadi)14 Ogos1947 United KingdomEffective date of theIndian Independence Act 1947;[b][66] see also:Pakistan Day (23 March).
 PalauIndependence Day1 October1994Templat:US9 Julai (1980) is Palau's Constitution Day usually commemorated with formal events. Independence Day celebrations are more elaborate and last several days.
 PanamaIndependence Day28 November1821 Empayar SepanyolIndependence Act of Panama
Separation Day3 November1903 ColombiaPanama was member of the "Gran Colombia" until 1903. The 1903 separation from Colombia is celebrated as an official holiday day on 3 November.
 Papua New GuineaIndependence Day16 September1975 Australia
Templat:Country data Territory of Papua and New Guinea
 ParaguayIndependence Day14 and 15 May1811 Empayar Sepanyol[67]
 PeruFiestas Patrias28 July1821 Empayar Sepanyol
 FilipinaIndependence Day (Araw ng Kalayaan orAraw ng Kasarinlan)12 June1898Philippine Declaration of Independence byEmilio Aguinaldo during thePhilippine Revolution against Spain. The Philippines achieved self-rule from theUnited States on 4 Julai 1946, and celebrated 4 Julai as Independence Day until 1964.[70]
Republic Day4 July1946 Amerika Syarikat
 PolandIndependence Day (Święto Niepodległości)11 November1918Templat:Country data Russian Republic
 Austria-Hungary
 Empayar Jerman		Restoration of Poland's independence in 1918 after 123 years ofpartitions byRussia,Prussia, andAustria.
 PortugalRestoration of Independence Day1 December1640 Empayar SepanyolPortugal was officially an autonomous state, but the country was in a personal union with the Spanish crown from 1580 to 1640 – date of the restoration of full Portuguese autonomy fromIberian Union with Spain.[71]
 QatarNational Day18 December1878 Empayar Uthmaniyah
 RomaniaNational Independence Day
(Ziua Independenței Naționale)		10 May1876 Empayar UthmaniyahRomania's declaration of its independence and subsequent victory in theRomanian War of Independence, part of theRusso-Turkish War of 1877–1878, against theOttoman Empire.[72]
Great Union Day

(Ziua Unirii Mare)

1 December1918Unification of Romania on 1 Disember 1918
 RwandaIndependence Day1 July1962 BelgiumEffective date of theUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating theRwanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
 Saint Kitts dan NevisIndependence Day19 September1983 United Kingdom
 Saint LuciaIndependence Day22 Februari1979
 Saint Vincent dan Kepulauan GrenadineIndependence Day27 October1979
 SamoaIndependence Day1 June1962 New Zealand
 São Tomé dan PríncipeIndependence Day12 July1975 PortugalEffective date of the agreement with Portugal reached on 26 November 1974.[73][74]
 SenegalIndependence Day4 April1960 Perancis
 SerbiaStatehood Day15 Februari1804 and 1835 Empayar UthmaniyahOutbreak of theFirst Serbian Uprising in 1804, which evolved into aSerbian Revolution; the adoption of the first modernconstitution in 1835.
 SeychellesIndependence Day29 June1976 United Kingdom
 Sierra LeoneIndependence Day27 April1961
 SingapuraNational Day9 Ogos1965 MalaysiaProclamation of Singapore.
 SlovakiaIndependence Day28 October1918 Austria-HungaryIndependence declaration by theCzechoslovak National Council.[75]
Independence Day17 July1992CzechoslovakiaDeclaration of Independence in 1992 (only aremembrance day),de jure independence came on 1 Januari 1993, after the division ofCzechoslovakia (public holiday).
Restoration Day1 Januari1993 CzechoslovakiaEffective date of theDissolution of Czechoslovakia intoCzech Republic andSlovakia.[76]
 SloveniaStatehood Day25 June1991 YugoslaviaDate of Slovenia's declaration of independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
Independence and Unity Day26 December1990 YugoslaviaDate of the release of the official results of the independenceplebiscite in 1990, confirmingsecession fromYugoslavia.
 Kepulauan SolomonIndependence Day7 July1978 United Kingdom
 SomaliaIndependence Day26 June1960 United Kingdom
 SomalilandIndependence Day26 June1960 United Kingdom
Independence Day18 May1990 Somalia
 Sri LankaIndependence Day4 Februari1948 United KingdomCelebrates to commemorate the country’s political independence from British rule in 1948.[77] Event celebrated annually.
 SudanIndependence Day1 Januari1956 United Kingdom
 Mesir
 Sudan SelatanIndependence Day9 July2011 Sudan
 SurinameIndependence Day25 November1975 Belanda
  SwitzerlandSwiss National Day1 Ogos1291 Empayar Suci RomAlliance against theHoly Roman Empire in 1291.
 SyriaEvacuation Day17 April1946Templat:Country data Provisional Government of the French RepublicEnd of theFrench Mandate of Syria in 1946.
 TajikistanIndependence Day9 September1991 Kesatuan Soviet
 TanzaniaIndependence Day9 December1961 United KingdomIndependence asTanganyika.
 TogoIndependence Day27 April1960 Perancis
 TongaEmancipation Day4 June1970 United KingdomTermination of protectorate status in 1970.
 Trinidad dan TobagoIndependence Day31 Ogos1962Effective date of theTrinidad and Tobago Independence Act 1962.
 TunisiaIndependence Day20 March1956 Perancis
 TurkmenistanIndependence Day27 September1991 Kesatuan Soviet[78]
 TuvaluIndependence Day1 October1978 United Kingdom
 UgandaIndependence Day9 October1962 United Kingdom
 UkraineIndependence Day24 Ogos1991 Kesatuan SovietDeclaration of Independence of Ukraine
Day of Unity22 Januari1919Templat:Country data Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
 Austria-Hungary		Unification of Ukraine on 22 Januari 1919.[79]
 Emiriah Arab BersatuNational Day2 December1971 United Kingdom
 Amerika SyarikatIndependence Day orFourth of July4 July1776 Kingdom of Great BritainUnited States Declaration of Independence
 UruguayIndependence Day25 Ogos1825 Empayar BrazilDeclaration of independence and union with theUnited Provinces of the Río de la Plata
 UzbekistanIndependence Day1 September1991 Kesatuan Soviet
 VanuatuIndependence Day30 July1980 United Kingdom
 Perancis
 VenezuelaIndependence Day5 July1811 Empayar SepanyolVenezuelan Declaration of Independence.
 VietnamNational Day2 September1945 Empayar Jepun
 Perancis		Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
 YamanIndependence Day30 November1967 United KingdomDeclaration of independence asKingdom of Yemen
 ZambiaIndependence Day24 October1964 United KingdomEffective date of theZambia Independence Act 1964.
 ZimbabweIndependence Day18 April1980 United KingdomGranting of independence by the United Kingdom in 1980

Lihat juga

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Rujukan

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  12. ^Yarbakhsh, Elisabeth (2019).The Middle East and South Asia 2019–2020 (ed. 53rd). Rowman & Littlefield. m/s. 42.ISBN 9781475852172.
  13. ^Borowska, Paula (28 Julai 2014)."Belarus' Three Independence Days". Belarus Digest. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  14. ^"Why does Belgium celebrate its National Day on 21 July?". VRT NWS. 21 Julai 2019. Dicapai pada9 Mac 2020.
  15. ^Romero, M.A. (2011)."Belize The Struggle For Independence". ITM Ltd (Belize.com). Dicapai pada9 Mac 2020.
  16. ^abcdefghWhiteman, Marjorie Millace, penyunting (Jun 1963).Digest of International Law.1. U.S. Department of State. m/s. 575–579.
  17. ^"Botswana Independence Act 1966".legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  18. ^Manchester, Alan K. (1951). "The Recognition of Brazilian Independence".The Hispanic American Historical Review.31 (1): 80–96.doi:10.2307/2509132.JSTOR 2509132.
  19. ^United Nations Department of Political Affairs, Trusteeship and Decolonization (Disember 1983)."Brunei"(PDF).Decolonization.20: 3.
  20. ^Mulliner, K (1985). "Brunei in 1984: Business as Usual after the Gala".Asian Survey.25 (2): 214–219.doi:10.2307/2644305.JSTOR 2644305.
  21. ^"On Mac 3 Bulgaria celebrates National Liberation Day". Bulgarian National Radio. 3 Mac 2017. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  22. ^ab"Country Profile: Bulgaria"(PDF). Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. Oktober 2006. m/s. 1. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  23. ^"Independence Day in Burkina Faso in 2020". Office Holidays Ltd. Dicapai pada9 Mac 2020.
  24. ^ab"Resolutions Adopted by the General Assembly from 7 to 28 Jun 1962". United Nations. m/s. 1. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  25. ^abHamann, Hartmut; Berger, Antje C. (2019)."Burundi". Dalam Minnerop, Petra; Wolfrum, Rüdiger; Lachenmann, Frauke (penyunting).International Development Law: The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law. Oxford University Press. m/s. 126.ISBN 978-0-19-883509-7.
  26. ^Sok, Sorin (November 2011)."Cambodia's Border with Engagement from Power Countries"(PDF). Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace. m/s. 4. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  27. ^Rust, William J. (2016)."A Shrewd Move (1953–1954)".Eisenhower and Cambodia: Diplomacy, Covert Action, and the Origins of the Second Indochina War Studies in Conflict, Diplomacy, and Peace. University Press of Kentucky.ISBN 9780813167459.
  28. ^Anyangwe, Carlson (2008).Imperialistic Politics in Cameroun: Resistance and the Inception of the Restoration of the Statehood of Southern Cameroons. Langaa Research & Publishing Common Initiative Group. m/s. 82–83.ISBN 978-9956-558-50-6.
  29. ^"Dominion of Canada".thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Dicapai pada24 Mac 2020.
  30. ^United Nations Department of Political Affairs, Trusteeship and Decolonization (Mac 1975)."Developments in Cape Verde"(PDF).Decolonization.2 (4): 32. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  31. ^"Independence Day in Burkina Faso in 2020". Office Holidays Ltd. Dicapai pada9 Mac 2020.
  32. ^"Independence Day in Central African Republic in 2020". Office Holidays Ltd. Dicapai pada9 Mac 2020.
  33. ^"Republic Day in Chad in 2020". Office Holidays Ltd. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  34. ^Bureau of Intelligence and Research, United States Department of State (Mei 1965).Profiles of Newly Independent States. Geographic Bulletin.1. Office of Media Services, Bureau of Public Affairs. m/s. 17.
  35. ^Bizzarro, Salvatore (2005).Historical Dictionary of Chile (ed. 3rd). Scarecrow Press. m/s. 398.ISBN 9780810865426.
  36. ^"2020 Holiday Calendar". U.S. Embassy in Chile. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  37. ^"Fiestas Patrias in Chile – What is going on?". The Santiago Times. 5 September 2017. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  38. ^Lansford, Tom, penyunting (2017)."Comoros".Political Handbook of the World 2016–2017.1. CQ Press. m/s. 319.ISBN 978-1-5063-2718-1.
  39. ^Baetens, Freya (2019)."Decolonization: Belgian Territories". Dalam Minnerop, Petra; Wolfrum, Rüdiger; Lachenmann, Frauke (penyunting).International Development Law: The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law. Oxford University Press. m/s. 126.ISBN 978-0-19-883509-7.
  40. ^abMehler, Andreas; Melber, Henning; Walraven, Klaas, penyunting (2011)."Congo".Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010.7. BRILL. m/s. 239.ISBN 9789004205567.
  41. ^abRomić, Tea (14 November 2019)."Dan državnosti ponovno će se slaviti 30. svibnja, a uvodi se novi blagdan i neradni dan 18. studenog".Večernji list (dalam bahasa Croatia). Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  42. ^abŠarić, Ljiljana (2012)."Croatia in search of a national day: Front-page presentations of national-day celebrations, 1988–2005". Dalam Šarić, Ljiljana; Gammelgaard, Karen; Hauge, Kjetil Rå (penyunting).Transforming National Holidays: Identity discourse in the West and South Slavic countries, 1985–2010. Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture.47. John Benjamins Publishing. m/s. 127.ISBN 9789027272973.
  43. ^"Holiday Calendar 2020". U.S. Embassy in Cuba. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  44. ^"Cubans commemorate the 150th anniversary of the commencement of wars for independence". Asberth News Network. 24 Oktober 2018. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  45. ^"This Day In Cuban History – Oktober 10, 1868. Grito De Yara". The Cuban Studies Institute. 10 Oktober 2018. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  46. ^Faustmann, Hubert (2001)."Independence Postponed: Cyprus 1959–1960".The Cyprus Review. 13–14: 99.
  47. ^Mutschlechner, Martin."The Day of the Coup: 28 Oktober 1918".The First World War and the End of the Habsburg monarchy. Diterjemahkan oleh Abigail Prohaska. Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  48. ^"Basic information on the Czech Republic". Embassy of the Czech Republic in London. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  49. ^"Czech Republic Slovakia: Velvet Revolution at 25". BBC. 17 November 2014. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  50. ^"Embassy of the Dominican Republic, in the United States". Diarkibkan daripadayang asal pada 26 Jun 2015. Dicapai pada26 Jun 2015.
  51. ^ab"Estonia celebrates the Day of Restoration of Independence".Estonian World (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 20 Ogos 2017.Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 14 Julai 2019. Dicapai pada18 Ogos 2019.
  52. ^"Eswatini National Day".U. S. Department of State. September 6, 2022. Dicapai padaOgos 2, 2023.
  53. ^Trawicky, Bernard (2009).Anniversaries and Holidays (dalam bahasa English). American Library Association. m/s. 150.ISBN 978-0-8389-1004-7.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  54. ^"2001. évi XVII. törvény az ország szabadsága visszaszerzésének jelentőségéről és a magyar szabadság napjáról" [Act XVII of 2001 on the significance of regaining the country’s freedom and on the Day of Hungarian Freedom].Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye (dalam bahasa Hungarian). Wolters Kluwer Hungary Kft. Dicapai pada8 Mac 2021.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  55. ^"Remembrance: the last foreign occupying soldier left Hungary 20 years ago"(PDF).Magyar Posta. Dicapai pada8 Mac 2021.
  56. ^abBureau of Intelligence and Research, United States Department of State (Mei 1965).Profiles of Newly Independent States. Geographic Bulletin.1. Office of Media Services, Bureau of Public Affairs. m/s. 6.
  57. ^"Iran Islamic Republic Day".AnnivHol-2000. m/s. 55. Dicapai pada1 Mac 2016.
  58. ^Xiaoyuan Liu – Reins of Liberation, p.6
  59. ^Stephen Kotkin, Bruce A. Elleman – Mongolia in the twentieth century: landlocked cosmopolitan, p.74
  60. ^David Sneath – The Headless State: Aristocratic Orders, Kinship Society, and Misrepresentations of Nomadic Inner Asia, p.36
  61. ^Esherick, Joseph; Kayali, Hasan; Van Young, Eric (2006).Empire to Nation: Historical Perspectives on the Making of the Modern World. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. m/s. 245.ISBN 9780742578159.
  62. ^Zhai, Zhiyong (2017).憲法何以中國. City University of HK Press. m/s. 190.ISBN 9789629373214.
  63. ^Gao, Quanxi (2016).政治憲法與未來憲制. City University of HK Press. m/s. 273.ISBN 9789629372910.
  64. ^"Independence Day in Mozambique in 2021".Office Holidays (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada14 Januari 2021.
  65. ^"Celebrating Nauru Independence Day". Commonwealth Business Communications LTD. 31 Januari 2023.
  66. ^Bureau of Intelligence and Research, United States Department of State (Mei 1965).Profiles of Newly Independent States. Geographic Bulletin.1. Office of Media Services, Bureau of Public Affairs. m/s. 7.
  67. ^"Paraguay Independence Day". Diarkibkan daripadayang asal pada 29 November 2015.
  68. ^Macapagal, Diosdado,Proclamation No. 28 Declaring 12 Jun as Philippine Independence Day, Philippine History Group ofLos Angeles, diarkibkan daripadayang asal pada 12 Mei 2009, dicapai pada11 November 2009
  69. ^"Republic Act No. 4166". 4 Ogos 1964. Dicapai pada5 Ogos 2009.
  70. ^In 1962, PresidentDiosdado Macapagal signed a proclamation which declared Tuesday, 12 Jun 1962 as a special public holiday in commemoration of the declaration of independence from Spain on that date in 1898. That proclamation did not move the date of the Independence Day holiday in the Philippines.[68] The date of the holiday was moved in 1964, with the signing of Republic Act No. 4166.[69]
  71. ^The country's original independence (from theKingdom of León) occurred on 24 Jun 1128 (Battle of São Mamede) and was recognized on 5 Oktober 1143. That day is a holiday in Portugal, but for a different reason. (Implantation of the Republic, or Republic Day.Event of 1910.) Note that none of these events is similar to today's declarations or recognition of independence as these are in fact the recognition of the rule of a king to the land. Portugal existed as a separate entity before 1143 and during the union with Spain between 1580 and 1640.
  72. ^"9 Mai – Ziua Independenței de Stat a României".Agerpres (dalam bahasa Romania). 9 Mei 2018.
  73. ^"Acordo Portugal – MLSTP".Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril (dalam bahasa Portugis). University of Coimbra. Dicapai pada10 Mac 2020.
  74. ^Samest Blaustein, Albert P.; Sigler, Jay Adrian; Beede, Benjamin R., penyunting (1977).Independence Documents of the World.2. Oceana Publications Inc. m/s. 597.ISBN 0379007959.
  75. ^Mutschlechner, Martin."The Day of the Coup: 28 Oktober 1918".The First World War and the End of the Habsburg monarchy. Diterjemahkan oleh Abigail Prohaska. Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  76. ^"Czech Republic Slovakia: Velvet Revolution at 25". BBC. 17 November 2014. Dicapai pada13 Mac 2020.
  77. ^"Sri Lanka Celebrates 72 Years of Nationhood". Dicapai pada2023-01-29.
  78. ^Edgar, Adrienne Lynn (2004).Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan. Princeton:Princeton University Press. m/s. 1.ISBN 0-691-11775-6.On October 27, 1991, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic declared its independence from the Soviet Union.
  79. ^"Holidays". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Diarkibkan daripadayang asal pada 20 April 2006. Dicapai pada24 Ogos 2008.

Nota

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  1. ^Independence was at midnight on the 14/15 Ogos, Pakistan chose to celebrate independence on the 14th and India on the 15th.
  2. ^Independence was at midnight on the 14/15 Ogos, Pakistan chose to celebrate independence on the 14th and India on the 15th.

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