Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Pergi ke kandungan
WikipediaEnsiklopedia Bebas
Cari

Bahasa Navajo

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.
Navajo
Diné bizaad
Asli kepada Amerika Syarikat
KawasanArizona,New Mexico,Utah,Colorado
Penutur bahasa
168,438 (2005)[1]
Dené-Yeniseian
Kod bahasa
ISO 639-1nv
ISO 639-2nav
ISO 639-3nav
ELPDiné Bizaad (Navajo)
Informasi penggunaan templat turunan
Sampel
Sampel teks
LogoWikipedia dalam bahasa Navajo yang berisi transkripsi "Wikipedia" (atas) ke dalam ortografi masing-masing dan slogan "Ensiklopedia Bebas" (bawah) yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa tersebut.
Sampel teks lainnya
260px|Navajo language spread in the United States.

Bahasa Navajo ataubahasa Navaho (Diné bizaad atauNaabeehó bizaad) adalah sebuah bahasa peribumi di Amerika bagian utara dan tepatnya di sebelah barat dayaAmerika Syarikat. Bahasa ini terutama dipertuturkan olehsuku bangsa Navajo; penutur bahasa ini berjumlah kurang lebih adalah 175.000 orang penduduk. Bahasa ini termasuk dalamrumpun bahasa Na-Dene.

Bahasa ini pernah digunakanTentera Darat Amerika Syarikat semasaPerang Dunia Kedua untukmenyulitkan perbualan dan komunikasi sesama askar dalam peperangan keranatatabahasa ia yang dilihat lebih rumit serta kurang bertulis daripadabahasa Inggeris pada ketika itu, sebilangan penutur jati bahasa ini ditugaskan untukmelaksanakan komunikasi sedemikian.

Rujukan

[sunting |sunting sumber]
  1. ^mla.org 2005 American Community Survey. Accessed 2010-07-13.

Bibliografi

[sunting |sunting sumber]

Pendidikan

[sunting |sunting sumber]
  • Blair, Robert W.; Simmons, Leon; & Witherspoon, Gary. (1969).Navaho Basic Course.Brigham Young University Printing Services.
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1967).Navajo made easier: A course in conversational Navajo. Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Press.
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1995).Diné bizaad: Speak, read, write Navajo. Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf.ISBN 0-9644189-1-6
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1997).Diné bizaad: Sprechen, Lesen und Schreiben Sie Navajo. Loder, P. B. (transl.). Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf.
  • Haile, Berard. (1941–1948).Learning Navaho, (Vols. 1–4). St. Michaels, AZ: St. Michael's Mission.
  • Platero, Paul R. (1986).Diné bizaad bee naadzo: A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools, colleges and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Preparatory School.
  • Platero, Paul R.; Legah, Lorene; & Platero, Linda S. (1985).Diné bizaad bee naʼadzo: A Navajo language literacy and grammar text. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Tapahonso, Luci, & Schick, Eleanor. (1995).Navajo ABC: A Diné alphabet book. New York: Macmillan Books for Young Readers.ISBN 0-689-80316-8
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1985).Diné Bizaad Bóhooʼaah for secondary schools, colleges, and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1986).Diné Bizaad Bóhooʼaah I: A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools, colleges and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1969).Breakthrough Navajo: An introductory course. Gallup, NM: TheUniversity of New Mexico, Gallup Branch.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1970).Laughter, the Navajo way. Gallup, NM: The University of New Mexico at Gallup.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1978).Speak Navajo: An intermediate text in communication. Gallup, NM: University of New Mexico, Gallup Branch.
  • Wilson, Garth A. (1995).Conversational Navajo workbook: An introductory course for non-native speakers. Blanding, UT: Conversational Navajo Publications.ISBN 0-938717-54-5.
  • Yazzie, Evangeline Parsons, and Margaret Speas (2008).Diné Bizaad Bínáhoo'aah: Rediscovering the Navajo Language. Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf, Inc.ISBN 978-1-893354-73-9

Linguistik & referensi lain

[sunting |sunting sumber]
  • Akmajian, Adrian; & Anderson, Stephen. (1970). On the use of the fourth person in Navajo, or Navajo made harder.International Journal of American Linguistics,36 (1), 1–8.
  • Creamer, Mary Helen. (1974). Ranking in Navajo nouns.Navajo Language Review,1, 29–38.
  • Faltz, Leonard M. (1998).The Navajo verb: A grammar for students and scholars. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.ISBN 0-8263-1901-7 (hb),ISBN 0-8263-1902-5 (pbk)
  • Frishberg, Nancy. (1972). Navajo object markers and the great chain of being. In J. Kimball (Ed.),Syntax and semantics (Vol. 1, p. 259–266). New York: Seminar Press.
  • Grimes, Barbara F. (Ed.). (2000). Ethnologue: Languages of the world, (14th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International.ISBN 1-55671-106-9. (Online edition:http://www.ethnologue.com/, accessed on November 19, 2004).
  • Hale, Kenneth L. (1973). A note on subject-object inversion in Navajo. In B. B. Kachru, R. B. Lees, Y. Malkiel, A. Pietrangeli, & S. Saporta (Eds.),Issues in linguistics: Papers in honor of Henry and Renée Kahane (p. 300–309). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945).Navaho phonology. University of New Mexico publications in anthropology, (No. 1).
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945). Classificatory verb stems in the Apachean languages.International Journal of American Linguistics,11 (1), 13–23.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945). The Apachean verb, part I: Verb structure and pronominal prefixes.International Journal of American Linguistics,11 (4), 193–203.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1946). The Apachean verb, part II: The prefixes for mode and tense.International Journal of American Linguistics,12 (1), 1–13.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1946). The Apachean verb, part III: The classifiers.International Journal of American Linguistics,12 (2), 51–59.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1948). The Apachean verb, part IV: Major form classes.International Journal of American Linguistics,14 (4), 247–259.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1949). The Apachean verb, part V: The theme and prefix complex.International Journal of American Linguistics,15 (1), 12–22.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1970).A Navajo lexicon. University of California Publications in Linguistics (No. 78). Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Kari, James. (1975). The disjunct boundary in the Navajo and Tanaina verb prefix complexes.International Journal of American Linguistics,41, 330–345.
  • Kari, James. (1976). Navajo verb prefix phonology. Garland Publishing Co.
  • McDonough, Joyce. (2003).The Navajo sound system. Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers.ISBN 1-4020-1351-5 (hb);ISBN 1-4020-1352-3 (pbk)
  • Reichard, Gladys A. (1951).Navaho grammar. Publications of the American Ethnological Society (Vol. 21). New York: J. J. Augustin.
  • Sapir, Edward. (1932). Two Navaho puns.Language,8 (3), 217-220.
  • Sapir, Edward, & Hoijer, Harry. (1942).Navaho texts. William Dwight Whitney series, Linguistic Society of America.
  • Sapir, Edward, & Hoijer, Harry. (1967).Phonology and morphology of the Navaho language. Berkeley:University of California Press.
  • Speas, Margaret. (1990).Phrase structure in natural language. Kluwer Academic Publishers.ISBN 0-7923-0755-0
  • Wall, C. Leon, & Morgan, William. (1994).Navajo-English dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books.ISBN 0-7818-0247-4. (Originally published [1958] by U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Branch of Education, Bureau of Indian Affairs).
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2004). Coyote Poems: Navajo Poetry, Intertextuality, and Language Choice.American Indian Culture and Research Journal,28, 69-91.
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2006). "ALk'idaa' Ma'ii Jooldlosh, Jini": Poetic Devices in Navajo Oral and Written Poetry.Anthropological Linguistics,48(3), 233-265.
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2009).Explorations in Navajo Poetry and Poetics. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1971). Navajo categories of objects at rest.American Anthropologist,73, 110-127.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1977).Language and art in the Navajo universe. Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press.ISBN 0-472-08966-8;ISBN 0-472-08965-X
  • Yazzie, Sheldon A. (2005).Navajo for Beginners and Elementary Students. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Press.
  • Young, Robert W. (2000).The Navajo verb system: An overview. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.ISBN 0-8263-2172-0 (hb);ISBN 0-8263-2176-3 (pbk)
  • Young, Robert W., & Morgan, William, Sr. (1987).The Navajo language: A grammar and colloquial dictionary (rev. ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.ISBN 0-8263-1014-1
  • Young, Robert W.; Morgan, William; & Midgette, Sally. (1992).Analytical lexicon of Navajo. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.ISBN 0-8263-1356-6;ISBN 0825313566

Pautan luar

[sunting |sunting sumber]
WikipediaBahasa Navajo, ensiklopedia bebas

Linguistik

[sunting |sunting sumber]
Ikon tunas

Rencana berkaitanbahasa ini ialahrencana tunas. Anda boleh membantu Wikipedia denganmengembangkannya.

Diambil daripada "https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Navajo&oldid=5216379"
Kategori:
Kategori-kategori tersembunyi:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp