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Comparison of DOS operating systems

This article details various versions ofDOS-compatible operating systems.

Historical and licensing information[]

Originally MS-DOS was designed to be an operating system that could run onany computer with a8086-familymicroprocessor. It competed with otheroperating systems written for such computers, such asCP/M-86 andUCSD Pascal. Each computer would have its own distinct hardware and its own version of MS-DOS, a situation similar to the one that existed forCP/M, with MS-DOS emulating thesame solution as CP/M to adapt for different hardware platforms. So there were many differentoriginal equipment manufacturer (OEM) versions ofMS-DOS for different hardware. But the greater speed attainable by direct control of hardware was of particular importance, especially when running computer games. So very soon an IBM-compatible architecture became the goal, and before long all 8086-family computersclosely emulated IBM hardware, and only a single version of MS-DOS for a fixed hardware platform was all that was needed for the market. This specific version of MS-DOS is the version that is discussed here, as all other versions of MS-DOS died out with their respective systems. One version of such ageneric MS-DOS (Z-DOS) is mentioned here, but there were dozens more. All these were for personal computers that used an 8086-family microprocessor, but which were notIBM PC compatible.

NameCreatorCurrent code owner-maintainerLicenseFirst public release date
86-DOS 0.42Seattle Computer ProductsNo longer supportedProprietary1981-02-25
86-DOS 1.0Seattle Computer ProductsNo longer supportedProprietary1981-04-28
PC DOS 1.0IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1981-08-12
PC DOS 1.1IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1982-05-??
PC DOS 2.0IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1983-03-??
PC DOS 2.1IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1983-10-??
PC DOS 3.0IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1984-08-??
PC DOS 3.1IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1985
PC DOS 3.2IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1986
PC DOS 3.3IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1987
IBM DOS 4.0 (called PC DOS 4.0)IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1988
IBM DOS 5.0 (called PC DOS 5.0)IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1991
PC DOS 6.1, PC DOS 6.3IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1993
PC DOS 7.0 (revision 0)IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1995
PC DOS 2000
(PC DOS 7.0 revision 1)		IBMNo longer supportedProprietary1998
PC DOS 7.10IBMIBMProprietary2003
MS-DOS 1.25[1]MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1982
Z-DOS 1.25OEMZenithNo longer supportedProprietary1982-05-??
MS-DOS 2.0 (first version with name of "MS-DOS")MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1983-03-??
MS-DOS 2.11MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1983-12-??
MS-DOS 3.0MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1984
MS-DOS 3.1MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1984
MS-DOS 3.2MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1986
MS-DOS 3.3MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1987
MS-DOS 4.0MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1988
MS-DOS 5.0MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1991
MS-DOS 6.0MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1993
MS-DOS 6.20MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1993
MS-DOS 6.21MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1994
MS-DOS 6.22MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1994
MS-DOS 7.0 (Windows 95A)MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1995
MS-DOS 7.10
(Windows 95 OSR 2, Windows 95 OSR 2.5, Windows 98, and Windows 98 SE)		MicrosoftNo longer supportedProprietary1996
MS-DOS 8.0 (Windows Me and later Windows versions)[2]MicrosoftMicrosoft Windows[3]Proprietary2000
DOS Plus 1.2 & 1.2aDigital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1985
DOS Plus 2.1Digital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1986
DR DOS 3.31-3.35Digital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1988
DR DOS 3.40-3.41Digital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1989
DR DOS 5.0Digital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1990
DR DOS 6.0Digital ResearchNo longer supportedProprietary1991
Novell DOS 7NovellNo longer supportedProprietary1993
Caldera OpenDOS 7.01Caldera, Inc.;Caldera UK, Ltd.Not officially supported;
A derivative,Enhanced DR-DOS, is maintained by Udo Kuhnt		Free non-commercial use1997
CalderaDR-OpenDOS 7.02Caldera, Inc.; Caldera UK, Ltd.No longer supportedFree non-commercial use1997
CalderaDR-DOS 7.02Caldera, Inc.; Caldera UK, Ltd.No longer supportedProprietary1998
Caldera DR-DOS 7.03Caldera Thin Clients, Inc.; Caldera UK, Ltd;
Lineo, Inc.		DRDOS, Inc.Proprietary1999 (pre-released in 1998)
DR-DOS 8.0DeviceLogicsNo longer supportedProprietary2004
DR-DOS 8.1DRDOS, Inc.No longer supported[4]Proprietary2005
FreeDOS 1.0Jim Hall et al.The FreeDOS ProjectGPL2006
FreeDOS 1.1Jim Hall et al.The FreeDOS ProjectGPL2012-01-02
PTS-DOS 32PhysTechSoft[5]PhysTechSoftProprietary1991
PTS-DOS 2000PhysTechSoftPhysTechSoftProprietary?
PTS-DOS 2000 PROPhysTechSoftPhysTechSoftProprietary?
ROM-DOSDatalightDatalightProprietary1989
DIP DOS 2.11Atari CorporationNo longer supportedProprietary1989

Technical specifications[]

NameHard drive: partition size maxNative support:
File systems		Native support:
floppy capacities 3.5"		Native support:
floppy capacities 5.25"		Native support:
floppy capacities 8.0"		Integrated disk compression utilityNative support:
long file names
86-DOS 0.42-1.0n/aFAT12;
(CP/M 2 through RDCPM)		n/aNorthStar 87.5 KB;Cromemco 90 KBCromemco/Tarbell 250.25 KB;Tarbell 616 KB; Tarbell 1232 KB[6]NoNo
MS-DOS 1.25n/aFAT12n/a160 KB; 320 KB250.25 KB[7]NoNo
MS-DOS 2.0-2.1116 MB[citation needed]FAT12n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB250.25 KB;[7][8][9] 500.5 KB;[7][8][9] 616 KB;[8][9] 1232 KB[7][8][9]NoNo
MS-DOS 3.032 MBFAT12,FAT16n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 3.132 MBFAT12,FAT16n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 3.232 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 3.332 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 4.02 GBFAT12, FAT16,FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB, 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 6.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aDoubleSpaceNo
MS-DOS 6.202 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aDoubleSpaceNo
MS-DOS 6.212 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
MS-DOS 6.222 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aDriveSpaceNo
MS-DOS 7.0 (Windows 95A)2 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aDriveSpaceNo
MS-DOS 7.1 (Windows 95B/OSR2, Windows 95C/OSR2.5,Windows 98, andWindows 98SE)124.55 GB with FAT32[10]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B,FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aDriveSpace for versions of Windows 95, none for Windows 98No
MS-DOS 8.0 (Windows Me and later Windows versions)[2]124.55 GB with FAT32[10]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 1.0n/aFAT12n/a160 KBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 1.1n/aFAT12n/a160 KB; 320 KB (double-sided)n/aNoNo
PC DOS 2.0-2.116 MBFAT12n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 3.032 MBFAT12,FAT16n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 3.132 MBFAT12,FAT16n/a160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 3.232 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 3.332 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 4.02 GBFAT12, FAT16,FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB, 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 6.1 (early version)2 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PC DOS 6.1 with Compression / PC DOS 6.32 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aSuperStorNo
PC DOS 7.0 / PC DOS 20002 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 1.86 MB (XDF), 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB, 1.54 MB (XDF)n/aStackerNo
PC DOS 7.10?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 1.86 MB (XDF), 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB, 1.54 MB (XDF)n/aStacker (not on FAT32)No
DOS Plus 1.2-2.132 MBFAT12, FAT16,CP/M-86Apricot 315 KB;[11] (720 KB[12])160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB;Acorn 640 KB; Acorn 800 KB;[13]CP/M 320 KBn/aNoNo
DR DOS 3.31-3.352 GB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
DR DOS 3.40-3.412 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])NoNo
DR DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])NoNo
DR DOS 6.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])SuperStorNo
PalmDOS 12 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])SuperStorNo
Novell DOS 72 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])StackerNo
OpenDOS 7.012 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])StackerNo
DR-OpenDOS 7.022 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])StackerNo
DR-DOS 7.022 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, (FAT32 in FDISK only)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])StackerPartial (COMMAND.COM andLONGNAME only)
DR-DOS 7.032 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, (FAT32 in FDISK only)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])StackerPartial (COMMAND.COM and LONGNAME only)
DR-DOS 7.04-7.05?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32 (non-bootable)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])Stacker (not on FAT32)Partial (COMMAND.COM and LONGNAME only)
DR-DOS 7.06-7.07?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32 (bootable)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])Stacker (not on FAT32)Partial (COMMAND.COM and LONGNAME only)
DR-DOS 8.0?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[14])Supported (not on FAT32)Partial (COMMAND.COM only)
DR-DOS 8.1?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
FreeDOS 1.02 TB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/a?No
FreeDOS 1.12 TB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoYes
PTS-DOS 32?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PTS-DOS 2000?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
PTS-DOS 2000 PRO?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoNo
DatalightROM-DOS?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MBn/aNoYes
DIP DOSn/aFAT12n/an/an/aNoNo

References[]

  1. ↑Conner, Doug. "Father of DOS Still Having Fun at Microsoft". Micronews. 
  2. ↑2.02.1MS-DOS 8.0 has most of the functionality of prior versions, but with significant losses of usability, e.g., the loss ofFORMAT /S command, that can be substituted by formatting HDD/FDD and then copyingIO.SYS fromCD-ROM boot A: image, as first ever file onto drive; loss ofSYS A: (orSYS B:) command for floppies, that can be substituted too in the same way asFORMAT /S; inability to boot to a command prompt without substitution/modification of IO.SYS (other than CD-ROM boot version) andCOMMAND.COM. For purpose of booting from C: drive, an unmodified IO.SYS from simulated A: boot diskette image, that is placed on Windows Me OEM CD-ROM, from which that CD boots, can be used, and English COMMAND.COM can be modified by replacing in this file at hex offset00006510h byte75h by byteEBh, or substituted by (now Freeware)4DOShttp://www.jpsoft.com/download.htm
  3. ↑While Windows Me may be unsupported and end-of-life, a version of its underlying DOS is included withWindows XP. When one formats a floppy in Windows XP and selects "Create an MS-DOS startup disk", the floppy is formatted with a DOS version that identifies itself as "Windows Millennium Version 4.90.3000".
  4. ↑DR-DOS 8.1 was pulled from the market after it was discovered that 8.1 code had been lifted fromFreeDOS in violation of theGPL license.
  5. ↑PhysTechSoft
  6. ↑http://www.86dos.org/downloads/86DOS_FILES.ZIP, AZIP file containing most of the files from 86-DOS 0.75 (1981-04-18) to 1.00 (1981-07-21)
  7. ↑7.07.17.27.3"Standard Floppy Disk Formats Supported by MS-DOS". 2.0. Microsoft Help and Support. 2003-05-12. Retrieved 2012-09-11. 
  8. ↑8.08.18.28.3Ray Duncan (1988).The MS-DOS Encyclopedia - version 1.0 through 3.2. Microsoft Press.ISBN 1-55615-049-0.
  9. ↑9.09.19.29.3Xerox (1983-11).Xerox 16/8 Professional Computer - MS-DOS OS Handbook for 8" Floppy Disks. 1983-11, MS-DOS 2.0 ([1])
  10. ↑10.010.1As stated athttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;EN-US;Q184006& Microsoft's KB article 184006, the limit of 124.55 GB for FAT32 partition size is a mainly a limit of Windows 95/98's 16-bit SCANDISK utility. Other DOS versions supporting FAT32 may allow a larger partition size closer to the theoretical 2 TB/16 TB maximum suggested by FAT32's specifications. Windows 2000 and XP can mount and use a FAT32 partition larger than 32 GB, but they cannot natively create one, which according to Microsoft is by design.
  11. ↑DOS Plus 2.1e/g versions for the Apricot ACT series and for theT.R.A.N. Yasmin Turbo support a non-standard single-sided 315 KB FAT12 format.
  12. ↑DOS Plus DISK.CMD versions for theAmstrad PC1512 andT.R.A.N. Yasmin Turbo and theBBC Master 512 support variants of 720 KB FAT12 formats including the original MS-DOS/PC DOS format, however known versions of DOS Plus itself don't make use of them.
  13. ↑DOS Plus for theBBC Master 512 supports two non-standard FAT12 formats with 640 KB and 800 KB.
  14. ↑14.0014.0114.0214.0314.0414.0514.0614.0714.0814.0914.1014.11TheDR DOS 3.41-8.0 BIOS (DRBIOS.SYS akaIBMBIO.COM) has a profile for an undocumented 250.25 KB (aka "243 KB") logical format with a non-standardmedia descriptor ofE5h. DR DOS 3.31 does not support this format. The format is similar, but not identical to the two 250.25 KB formats withFAT IDsFDh andFEh supported byMS-DOS 1.25/2.x.

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