| Creative Commons 4.0 Upgrade |
Die Wikimedia-Projekte nutzenLizenzen für freie Inhalte wie dieCreative Commons, um den Nutzern zu ermöglichen, sich zu beteiligen und ihre Bilder, Texte und andere Inhalte anderen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Creative Commons Lizenzen erleichtern es dem Urheber eines Werkes, jedem die Weiternutzung unter den festgelegten Bedingungen zu gestatten. Zweck dieses Artikels ist, dieaktuellen Diskussion über die Aktualisierung der Wikimedia-Standardlizenz von der Version Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported auf die VersionCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International zu begleiten.
WikimediasLizenzierungs-Richtlinie von 2007 schreibt vor, dass Wikimedia-Projekte Inhalte unter einer Lizenz für freie Inhalte oder gleichwertigen Richtlinien zur Verfügung stellen. Zur Gründungszeit der Wikimedia-Projekte wurden die Inhalte unter derGNU-Lizenz für freie Dokumentation zur Verfügung gestellt. 2009wechselte die voreingestellte Lizenz zu CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported. DieWikimedia-Nutzungsbedingungen verpflichten die Beitragenden dazu, ihre Beiträge unter dieser Lizenz zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die vorgeschlagene Änderung soll die in den Wikimedia-Nutzungsbedingungen voreingestellte Lizenz von CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported nach CC BY-SA 4.0 International wechseln.
Creative Commons 4.0 ist der Version 3.0 der Lizenz ähnlich. Es enthält dieselben generellenattribution und Sharealike Bedingungen und ergänzt wenige zusätzliche Modifikationen.
Weiterführende Informationen wurden von Creative Commons in einer umfassendenAnleitung zur Verwendung der neuen Lizenz mit ausführlicher Erläuterung der einzelnenNeuheiten in 4.0 zusammengestellt.
Die Lizenzen für Wikimedia-Projekte unterscheiden sich auf zwei Hauptgebieten:
Die weiteren Änderungen betreffen den rechtlichen Inhalt:
If you have questions about additional changes and their consequence for Wikimedia, you can join the discussionhere.
After the Terms are amended, text changes and new additions will be licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 (for projects other than Wikidata). Given the collaborative nature of the Wikimedia projects, changes will often include a mixture of new additions as well as text that was previously added by other users, including text that was contributed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Under Section 4(b) in the3.0 version of the license, adaptations may be released under the new version of the license:
You may Distribute or Publicly Perform an Adaptation only under the terms of: (i) this License; (ii)a later version of this License with the same License Elements as this License; (iii) a Creative Commons jurisdiction license (either this or a later license version) that contains the same License Elements as this License (e.g., Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 US)); (iv) a Creative Commons Compatible License.(Emphasis added)
This allows people to submit contributions under the terms of a later version of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. In other words,CC BY-SA 3.0 is compatible with CC BY-SA 4.0 and later versions of the same license. After the Terms of Use are modified to use version 4.0, an article may be used under the 4.0 version of the license according to theattribution requirements in the Wikimedia Terms of Use.
The proposed amendment to the Terms of Use waives potential database rights (where applicable) covered by CC BY-SA 4.0 to keep barriers low when sharing information.
In some jurisdictions, creators of a database may have certain rights that extend beyond copyright. When a database includes material that is protectable by copyright, both the 3.0 and 4.0 versions of the license already allow people to use this material. The update in the 4.0 version of the license additionally provides permission to use material that is not eligible for copyright protection, but is eligible for protection as part of a database. Creative Commons sought to clarify that the licenses apply todatabase rights:
In particular, the fact thatsui generis database rights arenot explicitly covered by the 3.0 unported licenses has led to confusion in jurisdictions that recognize those rights. Version 4.0 removes any doubt,pulling applicable sui generis rights squarely within the scope of the license unless explicitly excluded by the licensor. It alsoallows database providers to use the CC licenses to explicitly license those rights.
There are somenoteworthy distinctions between database rights and copyright:
Since Wikipedia contributors come from around the world, waiving database rights will ensure that the rights in Wikimedia content are internationally consistent and consistent with Wikipedia's past rights in contributions under version 3.0 of the license. Additionally, it will avoidpotential difficulties when complying with terms like attribution and sharealike that do not clearly fit database terms.
Ultimately, we believe that the copyright licenses used by the Wikimedia projects should empower as many users as possible to easily collaborate by sharing knowledge. Upgrading to Creative Commons 4.0 will provide benefits to both creators and re-users by making the license terms easy to understand and more globally accessible.