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This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

#include <monetary.h> ssize_t strfmon(char *restricts, size_tmaxsize, const char *restrictformat, ...); ssize_t strfmon_l(char *restricts, size_tmaxsize, locale_tlocale, const char *restrictformat, ...);

DESCRIPTION top

Thestrfmon() function shall place characters into the array pointed to bys as controlled by the string pointed to byformat. No more thanmaxsize bytes are placed into the array. The format is a character string, beginning and ending in its initial state, if any, that contains two types of objects:plaincharacters, which are simply copied to the output stream, andconversion specifications, each of which shall result in the fetching of zero or more arguments which are converted and formatted. The results are undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the format. If the format is exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are simply ignored. The application shall ensure that a conversion specification consists of the following sequence: * A'%'character * Optional flags * Optional field width * Optional left precision * Optional right precision * A required conversion specifier character that determines the conversion to be performed Thestrfmon_l() function shall be equivalent to thestrfmon() function, except that the locale data used is from the locale represented bylocale.Flags One or more of the following optional flags can be specified to control the conversion: =f An'='followed by a single characterf which is used as the numeric fill character. In order to work with precision or width counts, the fill character shall be a single byte character; if not, the behavior is undefined. The default numeric fill character is the <space>. This flag does not affect field width filling which always uses the <space>. This flag is ignored unless a left precision (see below) is specified. ^ Do not format the currency amount with grouping characters. The default is to insert the grouping characters if defined for the current locale. + or ( Specify the style of representing positive and negative currency amounts. Only one of'+'or'('may be specified. If'+'is specified, the locale's equivalent of'+'and'-'are used (for example, in many locales, the empty string if positive and'-'if negative). If'('is specified, negative amounts are enclosed within parentheses. If neither flag is specified, the'+'style is used. ! Suppress the currency symbol from the output conversion. - Specify the alignment. If this flag is present the result of the conversion is left-justified (padded to the right) rather than right-justified. This flag shall be ignored unless a field width (see below) is specified.Field Widthw A decimal digit stringw specifying a minimum field width in bytes in which the result of the conversion is right- justified (or left-justified if the flag'-'is specified). The default is 0.Left Precision #n A'#'followed by a decimal digit stringn specifying a maximum number of digits expected to be formatted to the left of the radix character. This option can be used to keep the formatted output from multiple calls to thestrfmon() function aligned in the same columns. It can also be used to fill unused positions with a special character as in"$***123.45". This option causes an amount to be formatted as if it has the number of digits specified byn. If more thann digit positions are required, this conversion specification is ignored. Digit positions in excess of those actually required are filled with the numeric fill character (see the =f flag above). If grouping has not been suppressed with the'^'flag, and it is defined for the current locale, grouping separators are inserted before the fill characters (if any) are added. Grouping separators are not applied to fill characters even if the fill character is a digit. To ensure alignment, any characters appearing before or after the number in the formatted output such as currency or sign symbols are padded as necessary with <space> characters to make their positive and negative formats an equal length.Right Precision .p A <period> followed by a decimal digit stringp specifying the number of digits after the radix character. If the value of the right precisionp is 0, no radix character appears. If a right precision is not included, a default specified by the current locale is used. The amount being formatted is rounded to the specified number of digits prior to formatting.Conversion Specifier Characters The conversion specifier characters and their meanings are: i Thedoubleargument is formatted according to the locale's international currency format (for example, in the US: USD 1,234.56). If the argument is ±Inf or NaN, the result of the conversion is unspecified. n Thedoubleargument is formatted according to the locale's national currency format (for example, in the US: $1,234.56). If the argument is ±Inf or NaN, the result of the conversion is unspecified. % Convert to a'%'; no argument is converted. The entire conversion specification shall be%%.Locale Information TheLC_MONETARY category of the current locale affects the behavior of this function including the monetary radix character (which may be different from the numeric radix character affected by theLC_NUMERIC category), the grouping separator, the currency symbols, and formats. The international currency symbol should be conformant with the ISO 4217:2001 standard. If the value ofmaxsize is greater than {SSIZE_MAX}, the result is implementation-defined. The behavior is undefined if thelocale argument tostrfmon_l() is the special locale object LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid locale object handle.

RETURN VALUE top

If the total number of resulting bytes including the terminating null byte is not more thanmaxsize, these functions shall return the number of bytes placed into the array pointed to bys, not including the terminating NUL character. Otherwise, -1 shall be returned, the contents of the array are unspecified, anderrno shall be set to indicate the error.

EXAMPLES top

Given a locale for the US and the values 123.45, -123.45, and 3456.781, the following output might be produced. Square brackets ("[]") are used in this example to delimit the output. %n [$123.45] Default formatting [-$123.45] [$3,456.78] %11n [ $123.45] Right align within an 11-character field [ -$123.45] [ $3,456.78] %#5n [ $ 123.45] Aligned columns for values up to 99999 [-$ 123.45] [ $ 3,456.78] %=*#5n [ $***123.45] Specify a fill character [-$***123.45] [ $*3,456.78] %=0#5n [ $000123.45] Fill characters do not use grouping [-$000123.45] even if the fill character is a digit [ $03,456.78] %^#5n [ $ 123.45] Disable the grouping separator [-$ 123.45] [ $ 3456.78] %^#5.0n [ $ 123] Round off to whole units [-$ 123] [ $ 3457] %^#5.4n [ $ 123.4500] Increase the precision [-$ 123.4500] [ $ 3456.7810] %(#5n [ $ 123.45 ] Use an alternative pos/neg style [($ 123.45)] [ $ 3,456.78 ] %!(#5n [ 123.45 ] Disable the currency symbol [( 123.45)] [ 3,456.78 ] %-14#5.4n [ $ 123.4500 ] Left-justify the output [-$ 123.4500 ] [ $ 3,456.7810 ] %14#5.4n [ $ 123.4500] Corresponding right-justified output [ -$ 123.4500] [ $ 3,456.7810] See also the EXAMPLES section infprintf().

Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online athttp://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html . Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report such errors, seehttps://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .IEEE/The Open Group 2017STRFMON(3P)

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