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PROLOG |NAME |SYNOPSIS |DESCRIPTION |RETURN VALUE |ERRORS |EXAMPLES |APPLICATION USAGE |RATIONALE |FUTURE DIRECTIONS |SEE ALSO |COPYRIGHT | |
FFLUSH(3P) POSIX Programmer's ManualFFLUSH(3P)This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
fflush — flush a stream
#include <stdio.h> int fflush(FILE *stream);
The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This volume of POSIX.1‐2017 defers to the ISO C standard. Ifstream points to an output stream or an update stream in which the most recent operation was not input,fflush() shall cause any unwritten data for that stream to be written to the file, and the last data modification and last file status change timestamps of the underlying file shall be marked for update. For a stream open for reading with an underlying file description, if the file is not already at EOF, and the file is one capable of seeking, the file offset of the underlying open file description shall be set to the file position of the stream, and any characters pushed back onto the stream byungetc() orungetwc() that have not subsequently been read from the stream shall be discarded (without further changing the file offset). Ifstream is a null pointer,fflush() shall perform this flushing action on all streams for which the behavior is defined above.
Upon successful completion,fflush() shall return 0; otherwise, it shall set the error indicator for the stream, return EOF, and seterrno to indicate the error.
Thefflush() function shall fail if:EAGAINThe O_NONBLOCK flag is set for the file descriptor underlyingstream and the thread would be delayed in the write operation.EBADFThe file descriptor underlyingstream is not valid.EFBIGAn attempt was made to write a file that exceeds the maximum file size.EFBIGAn attempt was made to write a file that exceeds the file size limit of the process.EFBIGThe file is a regular file and an attempt was made to write at or beyond the offset maximum associated with the corresponding stream.EINTRThefflush() function was interrupted by a signal.EIOThe process is a member of a background process group attempting to write to its controlling terminal, TOSTOP is set, the calling thread is not blocking SIGTTOU, the process is not ignoring SIGTTOU, and the process group of the process is orphaned. This error may also be returned under implementation-defined conditions.ENOMEMThe underlying stream was created byopen_memstream() oropen_wmemstream() and insufficient memory is available.ENOSPCThere was no free space remaining on the device containing the file or in the buffer used by thefmemopen() function.EPIPEAn attempt is made to write to a pipe or FIFO that is not open for reading by any process. A SIGPIPE signal shall also be sent to the thread. Thefflush() function may fail if:ENXIOA request was made of a nonexistent device, or the request was outside the capabilities of the device.The following sections are informative.
Sending Prompts to Standard Output The following example usesprintf() calls to print a series of prompts for information the user must enter from standard input. Thefflush() calls force the output to standard output. Thefflush() function is used because standard output is usually buffered and the prompt may not immediately be printed on the output or terminal. Thegetline() function calls read strings from standard input and place the results in variables, for use later in the program. char *user; char *oldpasswd; char *newpasswd; ssize_t llen; size_t blen; struct termios term; tcflag_t saveflag; printf("User name: "); fflush(stdout); blen = 0; llen = getline(&user, &blen, stdin); user[llen-1] = 0; tcgetattr(fileno(stdin), &term); saveflag = term.c_lflag; term.c_lflag &= ~ECHO; tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSANOW, &term); printf("Old password: "); fflush(stdout); blen = 0; llen = getline(&oldpasswd, &blen, stdin); oldpasswd[llen-1] = 0; printf("\nNew password: "); fflush(stdout); blen = 0; llen = getline(&newpasswd, &blen, stdin); newpasswd[llen-1] = 0; term.c_lflag = saveflag; tcsetattr(fileno(stdin), TCSANOW, &term); free(user); free(oldpasswd); free(newpasswd);None.
Data buffered by the system may make determining the validity of the position of the current file descriptor impractical. Thus, enforcing the repositioning of the file descriptor afterfflush() on streams open forread() is not mandated by POSIX.1‐2008.
None.
Section 2.5,Standard I/O Streams,fmemopen(3p),getrlimit(3p),open_memstream(3p),ulimit(3p) The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017,stdio.h(0p)
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online athttp://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html . Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report such errors, seehttps://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .IEEE/The Open Group 2017FFLUSH(3P)Pages that refer to this page:stdio.h(0p), freopen(3p), open_memstream(3p), popen(3p)
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