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Fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide in water-saving rice production in north China

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Abstract

Lowland rice production is currently facing serious water shortages in numerous Asian countries. In the North China Plain water limitations are severe. Water-saving rice production techniques are therefore increasingly searched for. Here we present the first study of trace gas emissions from a water-saving rice production system where soils are mulched and are kept close to field capacity in order to compare their contribution to global warming with traditional paddy rice. In a two-year field experiment close to Beijing, CH4 and N2O fluxes were monitored in two forms of the Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS) and in traditional paddy fields using closed chambers. With paddy rice the observed CH4 emissions were very low, about 0.3 g CH4 m−2 a−1 in 2001 and about 1 g CH4 m−2 a−1 in 2002. In GCRPS, the CH4 emissions were negligible. N2O fluxes in GCRPS were similar, 0.5 to 0.6 g N2O m−2 a−1 in 2001 and 2002, and emission peaks mainly followed fertilizer applications. In paddy rice, N2O fluxes were unexpectedly low throughout the year 2001 (0.03 g N2O m−2 a−1), and in 2002 larger emissions occurred during the drainage period. So with 0.4 g N2O m−2 a−1 the cumulative flux was similar to emissions in GCRPS. Total CO2 equivalent fluxes calculated according to IPCC methodology were tenfold higher in GCRPS compared to paddy in 2001. In 2002, fluxes from both systems were similar with 175 and 141 g CO2equivalents m−2 a−1 from GCRPS and paddy.

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Acknowledgements

We thank China Agricultural University for providing the experimental site and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China for providing laboratory capacity. We also thank Dieter Horlacher, University of Hohenheim, Germany, for contributing the meteorological data of the experimental site. Financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (project numbers. 30370841, 40331014), the German Research Council (DFG) (Sa 359/20) and the Sino-German Centre for the Promotion of Science, Beijing is greatly acknowledged. Thanks to Elaine Jewkes, IGER North Wyke, UK, for revising the English of an earlier version.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany

    Christine Kreye, Klaus Dittert, Hongbin Tao & Burkhard Sattelmacher

  2. Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

    Christine Kreye, Xu Zhang, Shan Lin & Hongbin Tao

  3. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China

    Xunhua Zheng

Authors
  1. Christine Kreye

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  2. Klaus Dittert

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  3. Xunhua Zheng

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  4. Xu Zhang

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  5. Shan Lin

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  6. Hongbin Tao

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  7. Burkhard Sattelmacher

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Corresponding author

Correspondence toKlaus Dittert.

Additional information

Burkhard Sattelmacher deceased.

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Kreye, C., Dittert, K., Zheng, X.et al. Fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide in water-saving rice production in north China.Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst77, 293–304 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-006-9068-0

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