Part of the book series:Fundamental Theories of Physics ((FTPH,volume 149))
1572Accesses
What is the lesson? I have pointed out elsewhere [2]–[4] to therole of research in providing for the introduction of a random element in the evolution of human societies. Any evolutionary process involves: (1) a mechanism producing random ‘mutations’ and (2) a process of selection by positive innovation, preserved through some stability criteria. A truly ‘important’ discovery is one which could not be predicted by extrapolation from the previous stage. Moreover, the evolution of science itself similarly benefits fromserendipity[5, 6], namely unexpected results popping up in a research program, e.g. Fleming's discovery of antibiotics, after finding the bacteria dead in a Petrie dish whose cover was not well closed. When deciding on a research proposal, it is not sufficient to judge its merits by the expected results as described by the investigator. Other important criteria should include the extent to which the project might explore virgin sectors of phenomena – and the researcher's previous performance, especially in noticing new openings (had he or she been faced with Fleming's dead bacteria, would the only conclusion have consisted in a decision to tighten the lid next time?) A further illustration of the role of the unexpected is that the route to India via the Pacific is indeed utilized nowadays because it is the shortest – for travellers from California, for instance. Thus, Columbus's trip and serendipitous discovery has served – after a few hundred years, to create a market for the product he was advertising in his proposal – trips to India. In any case, although the Salamanca referees were correct, Columbus's connection at the court did manage to ensure that his project be funded – and America discovered.
This is a preview of subscription content,log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Subscribe and save
- Get 10 units per month
- Download Article/Chapter or eBook
- 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
- Cancel anytime
Buy Now
- Chapter
- JPY 3498
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
- eBook
- JPY 17159
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
- Softcover Book
- JPY 21449
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
- Hardcover Book
- JPY 21449
- Price includes VAT (Japan)
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Plutarch,Quaest. Plat.
Y. Ne’eman,Acta Sci. Venezolana31, 1–3 (1980).
Y. Ne’eman,Metab. Pediat and Syst. Ophthalmology,11, 12 (1988).
Y. Ne’eman, inSoft Order in Physical Systems, (Proc. Les Houches, 1993), (eds.) R. Bruinsma Y. Rabin, Plenum Press, New York (1994), pp. 223–228.
Y. Ne’eman,Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. v. Wetensch.96, 433 (1993).
A. Kantorovich and Y. Ne’eman,Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci.20, 505 (1989).
H. Weyl,The Theory of Groups and Quantum Mechanics, 2nd (revised) German edition (1930), English translation (Dover, Inc, London).
Y. Ne’eman,Nucl. Phys.26, 222 (1961).
M. Gell-Mann and Y. Ne’eman,The Eightfold Way, W.A. Benjamin Publishing Co., Reading, MA (1964).
Y. Ne’eman,Algebraic Theory of Particle Physics, W.A. Benjamin Publishing Co., Reading, MA (1967).
H. Weyl.,Z Phys.56, 330 (1929).
C.N. Yang and R.L. Mills,Phys. Rev.95, 631 (1954);96, 191 (1954).
C. Becchi, A. Rouet and R. Stora,Ann. Phys.98, 287 (1976).
J. Thierry-Mieg,J. Math. Phys.21, 2834 (1980).
G. ’t Hooft,Nucl. Phys. B,35, 167 (1971).
S. Glashow,Nucl. Phys.22, 579 (1961).
S. Weinberg,Phys. Rev. Lett.19, 1264 (1967).
A. Salam, inElementary Particle Theory, Svartholm (ed.), N., almquist Publications, almquist Publications (1968).
D.J. Gross and F. Wilczek,Phys. Rev. Lett.30, 1323 (1973).
H.D. Politzer,Phys. Rev. Lett.30, 1346 (1973).
S. Weinberg,Phys. Rev. Lett.31, 494 (1973).
H. Fritzsch and G. Gell-Mann., inProc. XVIth I.C.H.E.P. Chicago, IL,2, 135 (1972).
Y. Ne’eman,Phys. Rev. B134, 1355 (1964).
N. Cabibo,Phys. Rev. Lett.10, 531 (1963).
M. Kobayashi and K. Maskawa,Prog. Theo. Phys,49, 282 (1972).
R. Haag, J.T. Lopuszanski and M. Sohnius,Nucl. Phys. B88, 257 (1975).
Y. Ne’eman,Aspen Inst. lecture, June (1976), unpublished.
E. Cremmer and B. Julia,Nucl. Phys. B159, 141 (1979).
E. Cremmer and B. Julia and J. Scherk,Phys. Lett. B76, 409 (1978).
Y. Ne’eman, inProc. Second Mexican School of Grav. and Math. Phys. Tlaxcala (1996), to be published.
D. Stelle,Phys. Rev. D,16, 953 (1977).
E.T. Tomboulis,Phys. Lett. B389, 225 (1996).
Y. Ne’eman and Dj Sijacki,Phys. Lett. B200, 489 (1988).
C.Y. Lee and Y. Ne’eman,Phys. Lett. B242, 59 (1990).
C.Y. Lee.,Class. Quantum Grav.9, 2001 (1992).
G. Stephenson,Nuo. Cim.9, 263 (1958).
C.W. Kilmister and D.J. Newman,Proc. Cam. Phil. Soc.57, 851 (1961).
C.N. Yang,Phys. Rev. Lett.33, 445 (1974).
A. Ashtekar,Phys. Rev. Lett.57, 3344 (1986).
C. Rovelli and L. Smolin,Phys. Rev. Lett.61, 1155 (1988).
C. Rovelli and L. Smolin,Nucl. Phys. B442, 593 (1995).
Y. Ne’eman,Phys. Lett. A186, 5 (1994).
M.B. Green, J.H. Schwarz and E. Witten,Superstring Theory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (1987).
J.H. Schwarz (ed).,Superstrings: The First Fifteen Years of Superstring Theory, World Scientific Publications, Singapore (1958) 2 Vols.
E. Witten,Physics Today, April 24–30 (1996).
M. Duff,Class. Quantum Grav.5, 189 (1988); A. Strominger,Nucl. Phys., B343, 167 (1990).
E. Bergshoeff, E. Sezgin and P.K. Townsend,Ann. Phys.185, 330 (1988); P.K. Townsend,Phys. Lett. B350, 184 (1995).
A. Connes,Publ. Math IHES,62, 257 (1985).
J. Madore,Class. Quantum Grav.9, 69 (1992).
D. Quillen,Topology,24, 89 (1985).
A. Connes and J. Lott.,Nucl. Phys. (Proc. Suppl.) B18, 29 (1990).
R. Coquereaux, R. Haussling, N.A. Papadopoulos and F. Scheck,Int. J. Mod. Phys. A7, 2809 (1992).
S. Sternberg and Y. Ne’eman,Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA,87, 7875 (1990).
Y. Ne’eman,Phys. Lett. B81, 190 (1979).
D.B. Fairlie,Phys. Lett. B82, 97 (1979).
Y. Ne’eman, to be published inProc. 7th Marcel Grossmann Symp. Jerusalem (1997).
A. Connes,Gravity coupled to matter etc., hep-th/9603053.
E. Atzmon,The associated metric for a particle in a quantum energy level, to appear inFound. Phy. (1998).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Tel-Aviv University, Israel
Yuval Ne'eman
- Yuval Ne'eman
Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
International Institute for Applicable Mathematics & Information Science, B.M. Birla Science Centre, Adarshnagar, Hyderabad, India
B. G. Sidharth
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ne'eman, Y. (2008). Beyond the Standard Model: Will it be the Theory of Everything?. In: Sidharth, B.G. (eds) A Century of Ideas. Fundamental Theories of Physics, vol 149. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4360-4_9
Download citation
Publisher Name:Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN:978-1-4020-4359-8
Online ISBN:978-1-4020-4360-4
eBook Packages:Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)
Share this chapter
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative