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Turning your Raspberry Pi Zero into a USB Gadget

Image for user adafruit2
published December 24, 2015, last edited May 29, 2025
last major update April 22, 2024
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Beginner
Skill guide

Overview

raspberry_pi_2885-04.jpg

When the Pi Zero came out, one of the downsides (!) of the low-cost design was swapping the 'standard' USB A-port for a micro-B port. Now you have to use an 'OTG' cable instead of just plugging in a device.

There was also the matter of, if you didn't have anything connected to USB, and powered up the Pi Zero with an old Raspbian image, you'd get a strange warning

WARN::dwc_otg_handle_mode_mismatch_intr:68: Mode Mismatch Interrupt: currently in Device mode

Basically, the Pi sorta-trying to become ausb devicerather than ausb host

Some awesome people on github sorted out that if you used the DWC2 USB driver, and patched a few files, you could get the Pi to act like a USB device (in linux-land this is called theUSB Gadget system)

This tutorial is basically just a writeup of how you can follow along and turn your Pi zero into aUSB Serial device or Ethernetdevice. That's two whole ways of being able to connect to your Pi zero just by plugging in a micro B cable! You don't even need to power your Pi seperately, as power is provided from your computer.

Yeah the gadget system can do a lot more, but these are the two modules we've tested so far. The compiled kernel package has just about every USB gadget compiled in as a module if you'd like to try others

Before You Begin

This tutorial isn'tterribly difficult but you should have some raspberry Pi experience. In particular you will want to do the followingbefore anything else

For Gadget serial you'll also want

While you don'tneed a console cable, it's a lot easier to copy & paste the commands into a terminal than to type into a keyboard + monitor.

raspberry_pi_954-02.jpg

Basically, get your Pi zero to a point you can log in. Power it from the Power USB port, leave the Data USB port 'empty'

raspberry_pi_1login.png

OKnow you can continue!

Page last edited April 19, 2024

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