Rhythmus ska et reggae,skank appellatusSka est genusmusicae quod inIamaica annis1950 exeuntis ortum est,rocksteady etreggae antecedens. Partes generum Caribaeorummento etcalypso cum generibus Americanisjazz etrhythm and blues coniunxit.Lineam bassi "ambulantem" etrhythmum inictibus imparibus pulsum habet.
- Augustyn, Heather.Ska: The Rhythm of Liberation. Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, 2013.
- Augustyn, Heather.Ska: An Oral History. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2010.
- Stratton, Jon.When Music Migrates: Crossing British and European Racial Faultlines, 1945-2010. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2014.
