Ineuntesaeculo XIX, dum maxima Americae Meridionalis parsbellis libertatis convolvebatur, Peruvia arcem regalisticam mansit. Quia electa hominum manus inter libertatem et fidelitatem Hispanicae Monarchiae dubitabat, die28 Iulii1821,libertatem adsecuta est post militaresIosephi Sancti Martini etSimonis Bolívar expeditiones. Per ineuntes Reipublicae annos, endemicae pugnae pro potestate inter militares ductores politicam instabiliatem attulere. Nationalis identitas per hanc periodon procusa est, ubi Bolivariana proposita velutConfoederatio Americae Latinae defecerunt etunio cum Bolivia evanida monstrata est. Inter annos fere a1840 ad1870 Peruviastabilitatis perihodo fructa est, praesideRaimundo Castilla, per quo civitas suos reditus obguani exportationem auxit. Nihilominus, per annos a1870 ad1880, hae opes absumptae erant, civitati multa debita erant, politicaeque pugnae denuo surrexerunt.
Anno1968 vires armatae, abIoanne Velasco Alvarado generali ductae,subitaneam conversionem contra praesidemFernandum Belaúnde Terry perfecerunt. Novum regimen novarum rerum reformationes suscepit, quarum proposita evolutioni fovere erant, sed consequendo amplo favore cecidit. Anno1975, Ioannes Velasco coacte a GeneraliFrancisco Morales Bermúdez dismissus est, qui reformationes debilitaverat et democraticae restitutioni praesiderat.
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