Sikir[1] an yu'ukanɛ ka ti mɔri buondiib kanɛ malis. Bɛdigʋ mi'i li ye sucrose, lactose, bɛɛ fructose. Sikir bɛdiib si'eba ni, bɛɛ li ye ti nɔkir pa'as diib zug ka li malis.
Sikir sʋŋ bɛɛsucrose,li yi nɛ kiŋka'ansiin ni bɛɛ sikir beet. Brazil an teŋkanɛ maan sikir gat ka India's an teŋkanɛ dit sikir gat teŋ wʋsa.[2] Fructose anɛ sikir kanɛ bɛ tiig wala niis.
Sucrose nɛ fructose anɛ banɛ ka ba maal ka di an sikir bibis. Glucose an dinɛ an bʋnbil paa bɛ sikir baanlʋg la ni.Ninsaal niŋgbin tiakid sikir kanɛ bɛ ani la ka li an sikir baanlʋg.
Sikir paas nɛ carbohydrate buudi ni bɔzugɔ linɛ la’asi kilimi li anɛ carbon, hydrogen nɛ oxygen.[3] Sikir tɔn’ɔn ansimple carbohydrates bɛɛcomplex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates yinɛ bʋnmalisiŋ yinnɛ bɛɛ bi’ela ma’a ni. Complex carbohydrates yinɛ bʋnmalisima la’as bɛdigʋ maal.
Sikir si’im anɛ kɔn’ɔbkɔn’ɔb. Fʋ ya’a gɔs brown sugar ba mɔrku'om sabiligi li pʋʋgin, ka ba mɔri tʋm la’ad sɛn’ɛb zin’igin.
Fʋ ya’a gbi’e sikir 100 g, paŋ kanɛ ka li tisid anɛ 387 calories.[4]
| Sugarcanekuob – 2020 |
| Tɛngbaŋ | Millions of tonnes |
| Brazil | 757.1 |
| India | 370.5 |
| China | 108.1 |
| Thailand | 75.0 |
| Dunia | 1,870 |
| yiyaani: FAOSTAT, United Nations[5] |
Dunia wʋsa da kua kikan’asiid yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi ni (2020) ka li zɛm si’em da anɛ 1.9 billion tonnes, ka Brazil kua pisnaai, kɔbiga pʋʋgin (40%) dunia wʋsa kuob pʋʋgin ka India mɛ kua pisi, kɔbiga pʋʋgin (20%) dunia wʋsa maalig la pʋʋgin.
Kikan’asiind mɔr buudi kɔn’ɔbkɔn’ɔb ka tɔ’ɔn an buudban yinnɛ, bɛɛ buudi babig la’asi maal, ka ba paas nɛ mɔɔg bɛda wa’ama buudi ni, bɛɛSaccharum paas nɛ Poaceae buudi ni. Ba kuodi ba bɛnɛ tʋʋlig zin’isi bɛ Indian nɛ Southeast Asia yʋʋm kɔbis si’em yela banɛ gaad la linɛ buon sucrose ka mɔr malisim bɛɛ li bʋʋlim la pʋʋg la yela.[6]
Kikan’asiind kuob bɔɔd nɛ zin’ig kanɛ mɔr tʋʋlig kaku'om bʋ zuoe ka saa niidi zɛnmisid lin nar ye li ni si’em ba nɔbigir saŋa lin na niŋ si’em ka ba nyaŋi nɔbig. Ba mɔr masin nami bʋnni li bɛɛ nu’ug, ka waae fi’isi li mɔri kɛŋ zin’ig kanɛ ka ba maan sikir la nɛɛmid. Ba yisidku'om la daag la pʋʋgin.[7] Ba paasid linɛ buon lime li ku'om la pʋʋgin ka dʋgʋ li lin na niŋ si’em ka bʋnvʋya wʋsa kpi.Ku'om sia na yina ka kilim walim gaad, kaku'om kanɛ kpɛlim la ka ba siligi yis. Ba paasid sikir gbila li pʋʋgin, lin na niŋ si’em ka li gbilim ka kʋdʋg tɔ’ɔtɔ’.[7]Ku'om sabilig la bɛ pʋʋgin la,[7] sa’ad banɛ yiti li daag la ni, ba nyʋod di li ka li tisid paŋ kanɛ ka ba na nyaŋi yis sikir la yʋ’ʋs. Sikir gbila la ba paasid sulfur dioxide, bɛɛ ba dʋgʋ li yis bʋnsi’eba li pʋʋgin ka li li’eb pi’elig.[7]Ku'om 2,500 litres (660 US galam) nar ye ba paas kilogram yinnɛ wʋsa pʋʋgin (2.2 pounds) sikir kanɛ ka ba maan la ni.[8]
| Sugar beet kuob – 2020 |
| Tɛŋ | Millions of tonnes |
| Russia | 33.9 |
| United States | 30.5 |
| Germany | 28.6 |
| France | 26.2 |
| World | 253 |
| yiyana: FAOSTAT, United Nations[9] |
Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi ni (2020), dunia wʋsa da kuo sugar beets ka li maal si’em anɛ 253 million tonnes, ka Russia da gaad tuoni kua linɛ ka ba la’as dunia wʋsa piinɛ atan’ kɔbiga pʋʋgin (13%).
Ba bun Sugar beet nɛ waad win,[10] ka ba fi’igi li zug la bas pɔɔgin la. Ka ba nɔk masin si’a vʋ’oe li niŋ lɔr pʋʋgin, ka ba yʋ’ʋn mɔri li kɛŋ zin’ig kanɛ ka ba maan sikir la.[11] Linɛ maan sikir la na nwaasi ba bi’elbi’el ka ba buon na’asaalin ye cossettes. Ba nɔkidi li niŋidkuom tuʋlig ni ka li paae wan wʋʋ hour saŋa bɛn.[12][13] Ba mɔr tank tita’ar anina ka ba kɛt ka daad la ka ba nwaas la bilim baanlim li pʋʋgin kakuom tʋʋlig la mɛ tʋ’ʋsidi tʋligiri ba ban bilim la. Nwa’ anɛ ba kɛt nɛ ka paŋ tʋ’ʋsid taaba kaku'om la ya’a ti yi ka li kilim sikir kanɛ malis hali.
Yʋma 8,000 BC, Nidib banɛ da bɛ New Guinea nɛ Polynesia da mɔr kikan’asiind anina ka li da yi kɛŋ paae Asia tɛŋin. Nimbanɛ da baŋi li yela la da bɔɔdi li, kikan’asiind nɛ li kuob yʋ’ʋn paae Southwest Asia, ka China nɛ India paasi ba pʋʋgin.[14][15]
Yʋma 510 BC saŋa, Persia (Iran), Emperor Darius da faae India tɛŋ ka nyɛ kikan’asiind ka pʋdi li yʋ’ʋr ye "tiig kanɛ tisidsiind kanɛ pʋ yisiing ni na". Bɛdigʋ da nan pʋ kuodi li ka ba mɔri li paamid nyɔɔd bɛdigʋ sa.[15] Arab dimi da nyaŋ Persia yʋma 642 BC saŋa la, kikan’asiind tʋʋma da kɛŋ tuon yi Eastern Mediterranean nidib ni.[16]
Labaya banɛ yi Ancient Greeks nɛ Romans ni pa’al ye ba da mɔr kikan’asiind nɛ ka li an tiim. Yʋʋm 350 CE saŋa, Indian nidib da baŋ ban maan sikir si’em.[17] Yʋʋm 650 CE saŋa, sikir maalig nɛ li tʋʋma da anɛ bʋnlinɛ an na’ana’a tis nidib banɛ bɛ India, China, nɛ Middle East.[18]
- ↑IPA: /ˈʃʊgə/,En-us-sugar.ogg(help·info)
- ↑International sugar statisticshttp://www.illovosugar.com/World_of_sugar/Sugar_Statistics/International.aspxArchived 2009-10-07 at theWayback Machine
- ↑You can think of this as "carbon + water".
- ↑"Calories in 100 G Sugar".www.nutritionix.com. Retrieved 2021-07-11.
- ↑"Sugarcane production in 2020, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)". UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT). 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
- ↑Roy Moxham (7 February 2002).The Great Hedge of India: The Search for the Living Barrier that Divided a People. Basic Books.ISBN978-0-7867-0976-2.
- ↑7.07.17.27.3"How Cane Sugar is Made – the Basic Story". Sugar Knowledge International. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ↑Flynn, Kerry (23 April 2016)."India Drought 2016 May Lead 29–35% Drop In Sugar Output For 2016–17 Season: Report".International Business Times. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
- ↑"Sugar beet production in 2020, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)". UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT). 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.v
- ↑It is fall and winter as harvesting seasons.
- ↑SpyroSoft (2020-01-03)."The Sugar Series: How is Beet Sugar Made? | Czarnikow". Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑"SKIL - How Sugar Beet Is Made".www.sucrose.com. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑Diffusion is the process by which the color and flavor of tea comes out of the tea leaves in a teapot but most diffusers weighs several hundred tons when full of beet and extraction water.
- ↑"The history of sugar | alimentarium".www.alimentarium.org. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑15.015.1"SKIL - History of Sugar".www.sucrose.com. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑"Sugar Cane in Sicily - Best of Sicily Magazine".www.bestofsicily.com. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑This is turning the sugar into a crystal-like atomic form.
- ↑SpyroSoft (2019-12-20)."The Sugar Series: The History of Sugar | Czarnikow". Retrieved 2022-11-26.
