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Basa Dari

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Citakan:BahasaBasa Dari joda da salah osay basa say dituturkoJolma Persia Afghanistan di nagaraAfghanistan rikIran, say tipakay sabagaylingua franca bak lamon jolma diAfghanistan.[1][2][3][4] Di sumber-sumber Barat ija tikonal sabagay Parsiya Afghanistan atawa Parsiya Darak.[5][6][7][8][9] Dari joda da basa resmi bagi 35 juta rakyatAfghanistan[10][11][12]

Huruf

[dandani |dandani sumbor]

Basa Parsiya Iran rikPersia Dari diAfghanistan makayAbjad Arab-Persia, sodongkoBahasa Tajik titulis makayAlfabet Sirilik. Sabonorna makka sumang hamak rikHuruf Arab say biasona, bih ija nambahi pira ngabungkal huruf bugahan.

#Golar
Persia		Golar
(Transliterasi)		TransliterasiIPAUnicodeBontuk kontekstual
UncukTongahPangkalPosay
0همزهhamze[13]ʾGlottal stop[ʔ]U+0621–––ء
U+0623ـأأ
U+0626ـئـئـئـئ
U+0624ـؤؤ
1الفʾalefâ[ɒ]U+0627ـاا
2بbeb[b]U+0628ـبـبـبـب
3پpep[p]U+067Eـپـپـپـپ
4تtet[t]U+062Aـتـتـتـت
5ثs̱es̱[s]U+062Bـثـثـثـث
6جیمjimj[d͡ʒ]U+062Cـجـجـجـج
7چčeč[t͡ʃ]U+0686ـچـچـچـچ
8حḥeḥâ-ye ḥottiḥâ-ye jimiḥ[h]U+062Dـحـحـحـح
9خxex[x]U+062Eـخـخـخـخ
10دالdâld[d]U+062Fـدد
11ذالẕâlẕ[z]U+0630ـذذ
12رrer[r]U+0631ـرر
13زzez[z]U+0632ـزز
14ژžež[ʒ]U+0698ـژژ
15سینsins[s]U+0633ـسـسـسـس
16شینšinš[ʃ]U+0634ـشـشـشـش
17صادṣâdṣ[s]U+0635ـصـصـصـص
18ضادzâdż[z]U+0636ـضـضـضـض
19طاtât[t]U+0637ـطـطـطـط
20ظاẓâẓ[z]U+0638ـظـظـظـظ
21عینʿaynʿ[ʔ],[æ]/[a]U+0639ـعـعـعـع
22غینġaynġ[ɢ],[ɣ]U+063Aـغـغـغـغ
23فfef[f]U+0641ـفـفـفـف
24قافqâfq[q]U+0642ـقـقـقـق
25کافkâfk[k]U+06A9ـکـکـکـک
26گافgâfg[ɡ]U+06AFـگـگـگـگ
27لامlâml[l]U+0644ـلـلـلـل
28میمmimm[m]U+0645ـمـمـمـم
29نونnunn[n]U+0646ـنـنـنـن
30واوvâv(Farsi)vūowo[uː]
[Errorusing{{IPAsymbol}}:"ow"notfoundinlist][[v]][[o]]
(bih di uncuk kata)		U+0648ـوو
wâw(Dari)wūawō[uː]
[[w]][Errorusing{{IPAsymbol}}:"aw"notfoundinlist][[oː]]
31هhehā-ye havvazhā-ye do-češmh[h]atawa[e]rik[a](uncuk kata)U+0647ـهـهـهـه
32یyeyīáayēmunih dilomDari[j][i][ɒː][Errorusing{{IPAsymbol}}:"aj"notfoundinlist][eː]dilomDariU+06CCـیـیـیـی
BunyiPosayUncukTongahPangkalGolar
βڤـڤـڤـڤـβe

Variasi

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
یهونملگکقفغعظطضصشسژزرذدخحچجثتپباء‎
•Noto Nastaliq Urdu
•Scheherazade
•Lateef
•Noto Naskh Arabic
•Markazi Text
•Noto Sans Arabic
•Baloo Bhaijaan
•El Messiri SemiBold
•Lemonada Medium
•Changa Medium
•Mada
•Noto Kufi Arabic
•Reem Kufi
•Lalezar
•Jomhuria
•Rakkas
The alphabet in 16 fonts: Noto Nastaliq Urdu, Scheherazade, Lateef, Noto Naskh Arabic, Markazi Text, Noto Sans Arabic, Baloo Bhaijaan, El Messiri SemiBold, Lemonada Medium, Changa Medium, Mada, Noto Kufi Arabic, Reem Kufi, Lalezar, Jomhuria, and Rakkas.

Konstruksi huruf

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
Bontuk(i)Posayءاىںٮحسصطعڡٯکلمدروه
Pangkal ء ا ٮـ حـ سـ صـ طـ عـ ڡـ کـ لـ مـ د ر و هـ
Tongah ء ـا ـٮـ ـحـ ـسـ ـصـ ـطـ ـعـ ـڡـ ـکـ ـلـ ـمـ ـد ـر ـو ـهـ
Uncuk ء ـا ـى ـں ـٮ ـح ـس ـص ـط ـع ـڡ ـٯ ـک ـل ـم ـد ـر ـو ـه
i'jam(i)
Unicode0621 ..0627 ..0649 ..06BA ..066E ..062D ..0633 ..0635 ..0637 ..0639 ..06A1 ..066F ..066F ..0644 ..0645 ..062F ..0631 ..0648. ..0647 ..
1 titik di bah ﮳ ب ج
UnicodeFBB3.0628 ..062C ..
1 titik dinggak ﮲ ن خ ض ظ غ ف ذ ز
UnicodeFBB2.0646 ..062E ..0636 ..0638 ..063A ..0641 ..0630 ..0632 ..
2 titik di bah(ii) ﮵ی
UnicodeFBB5.06CC ..
2 titik dinggak ﮴ ت ق ة
UnicodeFBB4.062A ..0642 ..0629 ..
3 titik di bah ﮹ پ چ
UnicodeFBB9.FBB7.067E ..0686 ..
3 titik dinggak ﮶ ث ش ژ
UnicodeFBB6.062B ..0634..0698 ..
Garis dinggak ‾ گ
Unicode203E.06AF ..
Makka ء ای ں ح س ص ط ع ک ل م د ر و ه
Unicode0621 ..0627 ..0649 ..06BA ..062D ..0633 ..0635 ..0637 ..0639 ..066F ..0644 ..0645 ..062F ..0631 ..0648. ..0647 ..
Madda dinggak ۤ آ
Unicode06E4.0653.0622 ..
Hamzah di bah ــٕـ إ
Unicode0655.0625 ..
Hamza dinggak ــٔـ أ ئ ؤ ۀ
Unicode0674.0654.0623 ..0626 ..0624 ..06C0 ..
Vokal Buntak
(tulisan vokal ponuh)		Golar
Persia		Golar
(Transliterasi)		Trans.(a)Nilay(b)

(Farsi/Dari)

064E
◌َ‎		زبر
(فتحه)		zebarzibaraæa
0650
◌ِ‎		زیر
(کسره)		zerzire;ieɪ
ɛ
064F
◌ُ‎		پیش
(ضمّه)		pešpišo;uoʊ

Tanwin

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
Nunasi
(tulisan vokal ponuh)		Golar
(Persia)		Golar
(Transliterasi)		Catatan
064B
َاً، ـاً، ءً‎		تنوین نَصْبْTanvine nasb
064D
ٍِ‎		تنوین جَرّTanvine jarrMak kala tipakay dilomBahasa Parsiya.

Tiajarko khusus dilom agamaIslam untuk ngalongkapi ngajar, maca, rik nulisAl-Qur'an education.

064C
ٌ‎		تنوین رَفْعْTanvine rafʿ

Tasydid

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
SimbulGolar
(Persia)		Golar
(Transliterasi)
0651
ّ‎		تشدیدtašdid

Huruf Tambahan

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
BunyiPocakGolarKode Poin Unicode
pپpeU+067E
t͡ʃ

(ch)

چčeU+0686
ʒ

(zh)

ژžeU+0698
ɡگgâfU+06AF
GolarPangucapanIPAUnicodeUncukTongahPangkalPosayCatatan
alef maddeâ[ɒ]U+0622ـآ—آآThe final form is very rare and is freely replaced with ordinaryalef.
he ye-eyeatawa-eyehError using {{IPA symbol}}: "[eje]" not found in listU+06C0ـۀ——ۀValidity of this form depends on region and dialect. Some may use the two-letterـه‌ی orه‌ی combinations instead.
lām aleflāErrorusing{{IPAsymbol}}:"[lɒ]"notfoundinlistU+0644 (lām) and U+0627 (alef)ـلا——لا
kašidaU+0640—ـ——This is the medial character which connects other characters

Angka

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
GolarPersiaUnicodeArabUnicode
0۰U+06F0٠U+0660
1۱U+06F1١U+0661
2۲U+06F2٢U+0662
3۳U+06F3٣U+0663
4۴U+06F4٤U+0664
5۵U+06F5٥U+0665
6۶U+06F6٦U+0666
7۷U+06F7٧U+0667
8۸U+06F8٨U+0668
9۹U+06F9٩U+0669
yeیU+06CCي[14]U+064A
kāfکU+06A9كU+0643
Angka Arab Lawok012345678910
Angka Arab Darak٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩١٠
Persia[15]۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹۱۰
Urdu[16]۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹۱۰
Angka Abjad–ابجدهوزحطي

Huruf Tambahan

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
BunyiPosayUncukTongah-tongahPangkalGolar
/p/پ‎ـپ‎ـپـ‎پـ‎pe
/tʃ/چ‎ـچ‎ـچـ‎چـ‎če (che)
/ʒ/ژ‎ـژ‎ـژ‎ژ‎že (zhe atawa jhe)
/ɡ/گ‎ـگ‎ـگـ‎گـ‎ge (gāf)

[17]

BunyiPosayUncukTongah-tongahPangkalGolar
/β/ڤ‎ـڤ‎ـڤـ‎ڤـ‎βe

Gaya Arab rik Gaya Persia

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
Huruf Gaya ArabHuruf Gaya ParsiyaGolar
ك‎ک‎ke (kāf)
ي‎ی‎ye

Cuntuh Tulisan

[dandani |dandani sumbor]

UDHR pasal 1

[dandani |dandani sumbor]

تمام افراد بشر آزاد زاده می شوند و از لحاظ حيثيت و کرامت و حقوق با هم برابرند. همگی دارای عقل و وجدان هستند و بايد با يکديگر با روحيه ای برادرانه رفتار کنند.‎

Tamām-e afrād-e bašar āzād zāde mīšūnad va az leḥāż-e ḥais̱īyat-o karāmat-o ḥoqūq bā ham barābarānd. hamgī dārā-ye ʿaql-o vejdān hastand va bāyad bā yekdīgar bā rūḥīye ai barādarāne raftār konand.

Kaunyin jolma tilahirko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sai gohgoh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sai barihna dilom semangat bukolpah.

Liyak Munih

[dandani |dandani sumbor]

Rujukan

[dandani |dandani sumbor]
  1. ↑Afghan Folktales from Herat: Persian Texts in Transcription and Translation (2009) Cambria PressISBN 978-1-60497-652-6
  2. ↑11 books afghanistandl.nyu.edu,lokok aktif
  3. ↑Lazard, G. "Darī – The New Persian Literary Language", inEncyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition 2006.
  4. ↑Tajikam Portal - Secret documents Reveal Afghan Language Policy tajikam.comlokok aktif
  5. ↑Airgram Farsi to Dari 1964 Embassy Kabul to USAlokok aktif
  6. ↑Afghanistan (2010) Central Intelligence Agency, The World Factbookmak aktif lagi
  7. ↑Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: prsSIL International (2010)lokok aktif
  8. ↑Afghanistan's Persian Linguistic Identity The Diplomat

    Persian speakers in the country say 'the term Dari has been forced on them by the dominant Pashtun ethnic group as an attempt to distance Afghans from their cultural, linguistic, and historical ties to the Persian-speaking world

    dilomBahasa Inggris Amerika rik lokok aktif
  9. ↑Kāboli Encyclopaedia Iranica

    Persian in Afghanistan is generally called fārsi by Persian-speakers and pārsi in Pashto. The standard written Persian of Afghanistan has officially been called Dari since 1964; apart from a few basics of vocabulary, however (and more Indo-Persian calligraphic styles in the Perso-Arabic script), there is little difference between formal written Persian of Afghanistan and of Iran. The term "Dari" is often loosely used for the characteristic spoken Persian of Afghanistan, but is best restricted to formal spoken registers (poetry, speeches, newscasts, and other broadcast announcements).

    lokok aktif rik dilomBahasa Inggris Amerika
  10. ↑Central Intelligence AgencySouth Asia :: Afghanistan The World Factbooklokok aktif
  11. ↑LibGuides: Dari Language: Language History International and Area Studies Library, guides.library.illinois.edulokok aktif
  12. ↑Nile GreenAfghanistan in Ink: Literature Between Diaspora and Nation Nushin Arbabzadah, Hurst,ISBN 978-1-84904-204-8 hal 13 dilomBahasa Inggris
  13. ↑"??"(PDF). Persianacademy.ir. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved2015-09-05.
  14. ↑However, the Arabic variant continues to be used in its traditional style in theNile Valley, similarly as it is used in Persian and Ottoman Turkish.
  15. ↑U+06F0 through U+06F9. The numbers 4, 5, and 6 are different from Eastern Arabic.
  16. ↑Same Unicode characters as the Persian, but language is set to Urdu. The numerals 4, 6 and 7 are different from Persian. On some devices, this row may appear identical to Persian.
  17. ↑"PERSIAN LANGUAGE i. Early New Persian".Iranica Online.Archived from the original on 17 March 2019. Retrieved18 March 2019.
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