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Jewish Women's Archive

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Bible

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Collection
"Scrolls of Deborah" cropped
February 11, 2025

"The Scrolls of Deborah" Celebrates Women's Resilience

Zia Saylor

Through lyrical prose, Esther Goldenberg gives voice to an overlooked biblical heroine and reveals the power of female connection. 

Topics:Fiction,Bible
Rabbi Dov Linzer and Abigail Pogrebin
October 22, 2024

Q & A: Rabbi Dov Linzer & Abigail Pogrebin on "It Takes Two to Torah"

Judith Rosenbaum

JWA chats with Orthodox rabbi Dov Linzer and Reform journalist Abigail Pogrebin about their new book,It Takes Two to Torah. 

The Moneylender and his Wife by Quentin Matsys, 1514
June 25, 2024

Tzedek in Action: The CFPB's New Rules

Zia Saylor

By creating rules that restrict banks from charging excessive fees, the CFPB is pursuing the Jewish concept oftzedek.

"What We Bring" by Andi Arnovitz
March 28, 2024

Q & A with Artist Andi Arnovitz about her new piece, "What We Bring"

Jen Richler

JWA talks to Israeli artist Andi Arnovitz about her new (JWA-inspired!) piece,What We Bring,currently on display at the Jerusalem Biennale. 

 

 

Book cover that reads "JPS Tanakh: Gender-Sensitive Edition" - blue and brown letters on white background
March 12, 2024

What's a "Gender-Sensitive" Bible Translation?

Rabbi Beth Lieberman and
Dr. Elias Sacks

The new translation empowers readers to view the Bible with fresh eyes.

A Court of Thorns and Roses Book Cover: red background with black dragon in the background, Sarah J Maas at the bottom
March 5, 2024

A Cult Favorite with Jewish, Feminist Themes

Dr. Jamie Ehrenpreis

In her hugely popular fantasy series, Sarah J. Maas puts Jewish texsts and biblical women at the forefront. 

erica riddick Headshot
November 21, 2023

Bilhah and Zilpah Made Me Yearn for Torah

erica riddick

Listening for their voices has helped me find my own.

 

Collage of framed engravings of the story of Ruth
November 10, 2023

My Connection to Ruth

Shamim Elyaszadeh

Thanks to this beautiful drawing of the biblical story of Ruth in my house, I was able to develop an appreciation for Ruth and how her journey connects to mine.

Topics:Bible
Sara Lippman Headshot
August 3, 2023

Q & A With Author Sara Lippmann

Sarah Groustra

JWA talks to author Sara Lippmann about suburbia as an irresistible setting for fiction, radical retellings of the Torah, and more. 

Rabbi Minna Bromberg Blowing a Shofar on the Beach

Episode 86: Fat Torah with Minna Bromberg

It all started at a preschool Hanukkah party a few years ago. That's when an offhand remark led Rabbi Minna Bromberg to start Fat Torah, a project to end fat stigma in Jewish communal life. In this episode of Can We Talk?, Judith Rosenbaum speaks with Minna in her home in Jerusalem about how fatphobia plays out in Israel versus the US, the ways it intersects with gender, and how Jewish tradition can teach us to be more body positive. 

Outlined drawings of women's faces and hamsas on a yellow-orange background
November 14, 2022

Jewish Women Count: How B’midbar Taught Me to Be a Jewish Feminist

Samantha Berk

Standing in front of my closest friends and family discussing a holy text that claimed women “do not count” taught me to pay more attention. I became a Jewish feminist.

Woman with girl on her shoulders who had her hands in prayer position
November 10, 2022

Translating God's Name in a New Way

Rabbi Beth Lieberman

The entire Hebrew Bible has never been translated into English without the male-centric God language—until now.

Collage of torah scroll, tallit fringes, and raised fists on a pink background
November 2, 2022

With My Tallit, Becoming a Jewish Woman

Tessa Cooperstein

There is a point of tension for me in both being valued in the Jewish community and being devalued by the Torah’s discussion and treatment of women. Owning my own tallit reminded me that I am valued twice.

Figurine of woman playing drum
September 1, 2022

From the Archive: Woman Playing Frame Drum

Deborah Dash Moore and
Mimi Jessica Brown Wooten

The Posen Library shares a nearly 3000-year-old figurine of a woman playing a hand-drum.

Self Portrait by Helène Aylon

Helène Aylon

Helene Aylon was an American, New York-based, multimedia visual artist who began by creating process art in the 1970s, focused on anti-nuclear and eco-activist art by the 1980s, and subsequently devoted more than 35 years to the multi-partite installation The G-d Project. This last body of work’s often direct or indirect textuality resonates from and responds to Judaism’s traditionally male-dominated textuality as part of a larger commentary on women in Judaism.

Chagall's Hommage à Apollinaire - woman and man's body merged together
February 22, 2022

This Chagall Piece Reflects My Nonbinary Gender

Anne Vetter

This Chagall piece invites me to see myself as split and whole in the same moment.

Handwritten page with images and words to protect pregnant women and newborns.
December 2, 2021

From the Archive: Amulet for the Protection of Pregnant Women and Newborn Children

Deborah Dash Moore and
Dory Fox

The Posen Library shares an eighteenth century amulet to protect pregnant women and newborn children.

Jewish Women in the New Testament

The New Testament describes Jewish women’s social roles in the late Second Temple period: in the home, in business ventures (especially textiles), in synagogues and the Temple, serving as patrons of the early Jesus movement, and as suffering from and being healed of various ailments. Despite the variety of examples of women’s agency, many Christian interpreters paint an historically inaccurate picture of a misogynistic culture in order to show Jesus, Paul, and their early movement as progressive on women’s issues. 

Portrait of Lauren Tuchman smiling in front of a stained glass window wearing a maroon top and gold necklace

Lauren Tuchman

Lauren Tuchman, the first blind woman ordained as a rabbi, is best known for her championing inclusive Torah and disability justice. Though she is ordained in the Conservative movement, most of her work has been in community organizing and other non-congregational settings.

Painting of Miriam looking to the right of the frame with timbrel in hand

Second Temple Reception of Women in Tanakh

Second Temple discourse on women and gender is grounded in biblical interpretation and everyday life and, as such, has the potential to shed light on tumultuous debates about what different communities deemed problematic, acceptable, ideal, and anomalous with respect to a woman’s role in society. A selection of Second Temple texts envisioning Dinah, Miriam, and Sarah indicates these varied perspectives, as well as how these figures were used to promote the ideologies of the particular communities the texts represented.

Oil painting by Gustav Klimt depicting a semi-nude Judith prominently, holding the head of Holofernes in the bottom right

Women Warriors

In the Hebrew Bible and ancient Jewish literature, most warriors are men. However, a few women go to war or kill: Deborah, Jael, the unnamed woman of Thebez, and Judith.

Portrait of Avivah Zornberg looking into camera in front of a blue background photographed by Joan Roth

Avivah Gottlieb Zornberg

Avivah Gottlieb Zornberg is a highly regarded Torah scholar and author. Her complex interpretive lens is both contemporary, in drawing from literary sources, philosophy, and psychoanalytic theory, and very traditional, in reading the Bible through the lens of classic commentaries and rabbinic midrash.

Printed card with inscription, “May our eyes behold your return in mercy to Zion.”

Daughter Zion (Bat Tzion)

“Daughter Zion” or “Fair Zion” (in Hebrewbat tzion) is the personification of Jerusalem in poetic and prophetic literature. Initially, the city is positively likened to a daughter, protected under God’s special regard, but later, under the Babylonian siege, she is devastated, even ravaged. However, when Jerusalem is rebuilt, the daughter is forsaken no longer, returning to God’s grace in the prophecies of consolation.

 Mirror made of silver and copper alloy. Nude female figure-handle with vivid dark green patina with some brown areas.

Ministering Women and Their Mirrors

Women who ministered at the entrance of the Tabernacle gathered around to donate their copper mirrors (Exodus 38:8), which were then smelted down to make the basin where the priests would wash before entering the sanctuary. The women may have served as guards, warding off evil with their mirrors. Midrash, however, conjectures that the women used these mirrors to seduce their husbands in Egypt, raising up the hosts of Israelites.

Woodcut of Hannah on her knees praying for a child in the temple as Eli looks on by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld

Barren Women in the Bible

The Hebrew Bible tells six stories of barren women: three of the four matriarchs (Sarah, Rebekah, and Rachel); the unnamed wife of Manoah/mother of Samson; Hannah, the mother of the prophet Samuel; and the Shunnamite woman, an acolyte of the prophet Elisha.  Each woman suffers a period of infertility, in some cases exacerbated by the presence of a fertile, though less beloved, rival wife. Eventually, God intervenes and the woman conceives, but the beloved son is then dedicated back to God, either in service or in sacrifice.

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