^Kristin Johnston Largen. What Christians Can Learn from Buddhism: Rethinking Salvation. Fortress Press. pp. 107–108. ISBN978-1-4514-1267-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=dNoXJVD_XEkC. "One important caveat must be noted: for many lay Buddhists all over the world, rebirth in a higher realm - rather than realizing nirvana - has been the primary religious goal. [...] while many Buddhists strongly emphasize the soteriological value of the Buddha's teaching on nirvana [escape from samsara], many other Buddhists focus their practice on more tangible goals, in particular on the propitious rebirth in one's next life."
^“Atman (in Oxford Dictionaries)”. Oxford University Press (2012年). 2014年12月30日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2014年12月閲覧。 エラー: 閲覧日は年・月・日のすべてを記入してください。(説明) “Quote: 1. real self of the individual; 2. a person's soul”
^David Lorenzen (2004). Mittal, Sushil; Thursby, Gene. eds. The Hindu World. Routledge. pp. 208–209. ISBN9781134608751. "Advaita and nirguni movements, on the other hand, stress an interior mysticism in which the devotee seeks to discover the identity of individual soul (atman) with the universal ground of being (brahman) or to find god within himself."
^[a]Anatta, Encyclopædia Britannica (2013), Quote: "Anatta in Buddhism, the doctrine that there is in humans no permanent, underlying soul. The concept of anatta, or anatman, is a departure from the Hindu belief in atman ("the self")."; [b] Steven Collins (1994), Religion and Practical Reason (Editors: Frank Reynolds, David Tracy), State Univ of New York Press,ISBN978-0791422175, page 64; "Central to Buddhist soteriology is the doctrine of not-self (Pali: anattā, Sanskrit: anātman, the opposed doctrine of ātman is central to Brahmanical thought). Put very briefly, this is the [Buddhist] doctrine that human beings have no soul, no self, no unchanging essence."; [c] John C. Plott et al (2000), Global History of Philosophy: The Axial Age, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass,ISBN978-8120801585, page 63, Quote: "The Buddhist schools reject any Ātman concept. As we have already observed, this is the basic and ineradicable distinction between Hinduism and Buddhism"; [d] Katie Javanaud (2013),Is The Buddhist 'No-Self' Doctrine Compatible With Pursuing Nirvana?, Philosophy Now; [e] David Loy (1982), Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?, International Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 23, Issue 1, pages 65-74
^Jaini, Padmanabh (2000). Collected Papers on Jaina Studies. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publ.. ISBN81-208-1691-9:"Moksa and Nirvana are synonymous in Jainism". p. 168
^Michael Carrithers, Caroline Humphrey (1991)The Assembly of listeners: Jains in society Cambridge University Press.ISBN0521365058:"Nirvana: A synonym for liberation, release, moksa." p. 297
^Thero Ven Randombe Suneetha (2018). “On the Metaphor of the Raft in the Mahāparinibbānasutta”. The Annals of the Research Project Center for the Comparative Study of Logic15: 173-181. NAID120006517938.