Dari Tiongkok, Chán menyebar keVietnam danKorea (di mana disitu dikenal sebagaiSeon) dan, pada abad ke-13, menyebar keJepang, di mana disitu menjadi dikenal sebagaiZen.
Buswell, Robert E. (1991),The "Short-cut" Approach ofK'an-hua Meditation: The Evolution of a Practical Subitism in Chinese Ch'an Buddhism. In: Peter N. Gregory (editor) (1991),Sudden and Gradual. Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
Buswell, Robert E (1993),Ch'an Hermeneutics: A Korean View. In: Donald S. Lopez, Jr. (ed.)(1993),Buddhist Hermeneutics, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass
Cleary, Thomas (2005),Classics of Buddhism and Zen: Volume One, Boston, MA: Shambhala publications,ISBN1-57062-831-9
Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005-A),Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 1: India and China, World Wisdom Books,ISBN978-0-941532-89-1Periksa nilai tanggal di:|year= (bantuan)
Faure, Bernard (1997),The Will to Orthodoxy: A Critical Genealogy of Northern Chan Buddhism, Stanford University Press
Faure, Bernard (2000),Visions of Power. Imaging Medieval Japanese Buddhism, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press
Ferguson, Andy (2000),Zen's Chinese Heritage, Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications,ISBN0-86171-163-7
Feuchtwang, Stephen (2010),The Anthropology of Religion, Charisma and Ghosts: Chinese Lessons for Adequate Theory, Walter de Gruyter
Fowler, Merv (2005),Zen Buddhism: Beliefs and Practices, Sussex Academic Press
Gimello, Robert M. (1994),Marga and Culture: Learning, Letters, and Liberation in Northern Sung Ch'an. In: Buswell & Gimello (editors)(1994), Paths to Liberation. Pages 475-505, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
Gregory, Peter N. (1991),Sudden Enlightenment Followed by Gradual Cultivation: Tsung-mi's Analysis of mind. In: Peter N. Gregory (editor)(1991),Sudden and Gradual. Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
Gregory, Peter N. (2002),Tsung-mi and the Sinification of Buddhism, University of Hawai’i Press, Kuroda Institute, (originally published Princeton University Press, 1991, Princeton, N.J.),ISBN0-8248-2623-X
Grigg, Ray (1999),The Ta of Zen, Edison, NJ: Alva Press
Heine, Steven (2008),Zen Skin, Zen Marrow
Isshū, Miura; Sasaki, Ruth F. (1993),The Zen Koan, New York: Harcourt Brace & Company,ISBN0-15-699981-1
Huaijin, Nan (1997),Basic Buddhism: exploring Buddhism and Zen, Samuel Weiser
Kapleau, Philip (1989),The three pillars of Zen
Kasulis, Thomas P. (2003),Ch'an Spirituality. In: Buddhist Spirituality. Later China, Korea, Japan and the Modern World; edited by Takeuchi Yoshinori, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass
Welter, Albert (2000),Mahakasyapa's smile. Silent Transmission and the Kung-an (Koan) Tradition. In: Steven Heine and Dale S. Wright (eds)(2000): "The Koan. Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism, Oxford: Oxford University Press
Yampolski, Philip B. (1967),The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch. Translated with notes by Philip B. Yampolski, Columbia University Press,ISBN0-231-08361-0
Yampolski, Philip (2003-A),Chan. A Historical Sketch. In: Buddhist Spirituality. Later China, Korea, Japan and the Modern World; edited by Takeuchi Yoshinori, Delhi: Motilal BanarsidassPeriksa nilai tanggal di:|year= (bantuan)
Yampolski, Philip (2003-B),Zen. A Historical Sketch. In: Buddhist Spirituality. Later China, Korea, Japan and the Modern World; edited by Takeuchi Yoshinori, Delhi: Motilal BanarsidassPeriksa nilai tanggal di:|year= (bantuan)
Yen, Chan Master Sheng (1996),Dharma Drum: The Life and Heart of Ch'an Practice, Boston & London: Shambhala
Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005),Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 1: India and China. World Wisdom Books.ISBN 978-0-941532-89-1
Dumoulin, Heinrich (2005),Zen Buddhism: A History. Volume 2: Japan. World Wisdom Books.ISBN 978-0-941532-90-7
Critical Zen-studies
Mcrae, John (2003),Seeing through Zen. Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism. The University Press Group Ltd .ISBN 978-0-520-23798-8
McMahan, David L. (2008),The Making of Buddhist Modernism. Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-518327-6
