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Serakup Soviet

Ari Wikipedia
Serakup Republik Sosialis Soviet
  • Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (Rusia)
    Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik[lower-alpha 1][1]
1922–1991
Flag of Serakup Soviet
Flag
(1955–1991)
State Emblem (1956–1991) of Serakup Soviet
State Emblem
(1956–1991)
Rambai jaku: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!
"Workers of the world, unite!"
Anthem: 
The Soviet Union during the Cold War
The Soviet Union during theCold War
Indu menua
enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai
Moscow
55°45′N37°37′E / 55.750°N 37.617°E /55.750; 37.617
Jaku resmiRussian[lower-alpha 2]
Jaku pelilih menua ti diaku
Raban bansa
(1989)
Pengarap
DemonimSoviet
PerintahFederalcommunist state
Leader 
• 1922–1924 (first)
Vladimir Lenin[lower-alpha 4]
• 1924–1953
Joseph Stalin[lower-alpha 5]
Georgy Malenkov[lower-alpha 6][2][3][4][5]
• 1953–1964
Nikita Khrushchev[lower-alpha 8]
• 1964–1982
Leonid Brezhnev[lower-alpha 9]
• 1982–1984
Yuri Andropov
• 1984–1985
Konstantin Chernenko
• 1985–1991 (last)
Mikhail Gorbachev[lower-alpha 10]
Head of State 
• 1922–1946 (first)
Mikhail Kalinin[lower-alpha 11]
Premier 
• 1922–1924 (first)
Vladimir Lenin[lower-alpha 12]
• 1991 (last)
Ivan Silayev[lower-alpha 13]
Aum Kaunsil
Historical era
7 November 1917
30 December 1922
31 January 1924
5 December 1936
1939–1940
1941–1945
25 February 1956
9 October 1977
1988–1991
19–22 August 1991
8 December 1991[lower-alpha 15]
26 December 1991[lower-alpha 16]
Menua
• Pemesai
22,402,200 km2 (8,649,500 bt2) (1st)
• Ai
2,767,198 km2 (1,068,421 bt2)
• Ai (%)
12.3
Penyampau tubuh
• 1989 census
Neutral increase 286,730,819[6] (3rd)
• Pemayuh tubuh
12.7/km2 (32.9/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)1990 estimate
• Total
$2.7 trillion[lower-alpha 17] (2nd)
• Per capita
$9,000
GDP (nominal)1990 estimate
• Total
$2.7 trillion[lower-alpha 18][7] (2nd)
• Per capita
$9,000 (28th)
Gini (1989)0.275
low
HDI (1990 formula)0.920[8]
very high
Mata duitSoviet ruble (руб) (SUR)
Zon jam(UTC+2 to +12)
Tisi deribaright
Kod talipaun+7
Kod ISO 3166SU
TLD Internet.su[lower-alpha 19]
Preceded by		Succeeded by
1922:
Russian SFSR
Ukrainian SSR
Byelorussian SSR
Transcaucasian SFSR
1939:
Poland
1940:
Finland
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Romania
1945:
Hungary
Nazi Germany
Japan
1990:
Lithuania
1991:
Georgia
Estonia
Latvia
Ukraine
Moldova
Kyrgyzstan
Uzbekistan
Tajikistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Turkmenistan
Belarus
Russian Federation
Kazakhstan
CIS
With the exception of the CIS – an intergovernmental organization and legal successor to the union itself – only states that are former Soviet republics, now members of the United Nations, are listed as successors.

Serakup Republik Sosialis Soviet (USSR), suah dikelala enggau namaSerakup Soviet, iya nya sebengkah menua meraka benua ti mungkur mayuh endur Eurasia ari taun 1922 nyentukka iya direrak dalam taun 1991. Sekumbang iya bisi, iya nyadi menua ti pemadu besai nitihka pemesai menua enggau sebelas iti zon jam lalu bekunsi garis entara menua enggau dua belas bengkah menua, sereta nyadi menua ketiga ke ngundan mayuh mensia. Penganti selampur Empayar Rusia, iya diatur enggau nama nyadi gerempung perintah besai republik nasional, ke pemadu besai sereta pemadu mayuh mensia iya nya SFSR Rusia. Dalam praktikal, perintah enggau ekonomi iya balat bepusat. Sebengkah menua ke bisi siti parti ke dipegai Parti Komunis Serakup Soviet (CPSU), iya nyadi menua komunis ke nyadi perdana. Indu nengeri enggau mengeri ti pemadu besai iya nyaMoscow.

Nota

[edit |edit bunsu]
  1. ↑For names of the Soviet Union in other official languages, seeOfficial names of the Soviet Union.
  2. ↑De facto, legally since 1990.Constituent republics had the right to declare their own regional languages.
  3. ↑The name used for theRomanian language
  4. ↑As chairman of theCouncil of People's Commissars.
  5. ↑AsGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (then theCouncil of Ministers).
  6. ↑As chairman of the Council of Ministers.
  7. ↑March–September.
  8. ↑As First Secretary of the Communist Party and chairman of the Council of Ministers
  9. ↑As General Secretary of the Communist Party.
  10. ↑As General Secretary of the Communist Party andPresident of the Soviet Union.
  11. ↑As Chairman of theCentral Executive Committee, then asChairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet.
  12. ↑As Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union and Russian SFSR.
  13. ↑As Chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy.
  14. ↑Unicameral.
  15. ↑TheAlma-Ata Protocol was signed by the remaining 11 of 12 republics on 21 December 1991.
  16. ↑Declaration No. 142-Н of theSoviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law(dalam jaku Rusia).
  17. ↑Statistics surrounding Soviet GDP are only estimates as the Soviet Union did not use Gross Domestic Product or Gross National Product to measure its economy until 1990, before which it utilised a system known as theMaterial Product System
  18. ↑Statistics surrounding Soviet GDP are only estimates as the Soviet Union did not use Gross Domestic Product or Gross National Product to measure its economy until 1990, before which it utilised a system known as theMaterial Product System
  19. ↑Assigned on 19 September 1990, existing onwards.

Kereban sanding

[edit |edit bunsu]
  1. ↑Schiffman, H. (19 November 2002)."Language Policy in the former Soviet Union".University of Pennsylvania. Archived fromthe original on 21 February 2024.
  2. ↑"Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov | Stalin's successor, Cold War leader | Britannica".www.britannica.com. 11 July 2025.
  3. ↑Little, Becky (10 March 2022)."Soviet Union Leaders: A Timeline".HISTORY.
  4. ↑"The Fall of the Soviet Union | CES at UNC".europe.unc.edu.
  5. ↑"RUSSIA: The Man in Charge | TIME".
  6. ↑Almanaque Mundial 1996, Editorial América/Televisa, Mexico, 1995, pp. 548–552 (Demografía/Biometría table).
  7. ↑"GDP – Million – Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System".Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved29 August 2018.
  8. ↑"Human Development Report 1990"(PDF).HDRO (Human Development Report Office)United Nations Development Programme. January 1990. p. 111.Archived(PDF) from the original on 7 February 2019. Retrieved1 September 2020.
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