 |
| Discovery[2] |
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| Discovered by | |
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| Discovery date | 23 September 1846 |
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| Designations |
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| Pronunciation | [3] |
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Named after | LatinNeptunus, via French Neptune |
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| Adjectives | Neptunian (/nɛpˈtjuːniən/), Poseidean[4] |
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| Symbol | , |
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| Orbital characteristics[5] |
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| EpochJ2000 |
| Aphelion | 30.33 AU (4.54 billion km) |
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| Perihelion | 29.81 AU (4.46 billion km) |
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| 30.07 AU (4.50 billion km) |
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| Eccentricity | 0.008678 |
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| |
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| 367.49 days[7] |
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| 5.43 km/s[7] |
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| 259.883° |
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| Inclination | 1.770° toecliptic 6.43° toSun's equator 0.74° toinvariable plane[8] |
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| 131.783° |
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| 2042-Sep-04[9] |
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| 273.187° |
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| Knownsatellites | 16 |
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| Physical characteristics |
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| 24,622±19 km |
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| 24,764±15 kmRefers to the level of 1 bar (100 kPa) atmospheric pressure 3.883 Earths |
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| 24,341±30 km 3.829 Earths |
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| Flattening | 0.0171±0.0013 |
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| 7.6183×109 km2 14.94 Earths |
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| Volume | 6.253×1013 km3[7] 57.74 Earths |
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| Mass | 1.02409×1026 kg[7] 17.147 Earths 5.15×10−5 Suns |
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| 1.638 g/cm3[7] |
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| 11.15 m/s2 (1.137 g0) |
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| 0.23[10] (estimate) |
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| 23.5 km/s[7] |
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| 0.67125 d 16 h 6 m 36 s[6] |
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| 0.6713 day[7] 16 h 6 min 36 s |
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Equatorial rotation velocity | 2.68 km/s[11] |
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| 28.32° (to orbit)[7] |
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| 19h 57m 20s 299.36°[12] |
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| 43.46°[12] |
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| Albedo | 0.290 (bond) 0.442 (geom.) |
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| Surfacetemp. | min | mean | max |
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| 1 bar level | | 72 K (−201 °C)[7] | |
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| 0.1 bar (10 kPa) | | 55 K (−218 °C)[7] | |
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|
| 7.67 to 8.00 |
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| −6.9[13] |
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| 2.2–2.4″[7][14] |
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| Atmosphere[7] |
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| 19.7±0.6 km |
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| Composition by volume | |
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|