Surah:[1]Surah; (Larabciسورة)sūrah, jam'isurori larabciسور,suwar) surah kalma ce dake nufin wani bangare daga cikinAlkur'ani mai tsarki. Akwai adadin surori dari da goma sha hudu (114) acikin Qur'ani, kuma kowace surah ta karkasu zuwa ayoyi. surorin alkur'ani dai sun kasu ne daban-daban, wasu masu tsawo wasu gajeru. Surar datafi kowace surah gajarta acikin alkur'ani itace suratul (Al-Kawthar) kuma tana da gajerun ayoyi uku ne kacal, surah mafi tsawo itace suratul (Al-Bakara) wadda keda ayoyi Dari biyi da tamanin da shida (286).[2] Daga cikin surori Dari da sha hudu (114) na alkur'ani, guda 86 ansaukar dasu ne a garinMakkah wadanda akekira daSurah Makiyya, sai guda ashirin da takwas (28) kuma a garinMadina sune akekira da areSurah Madaniyya. Wadannan rabe-raben na surorin yafaru ne sakamakon wurin da aka saukar da surorin; inda duk wata surah da aka saukar bayan hijirar manzon AllahMuhammad zuwa madina (Hijrah), sai akewa surorin lakabi da Madaniyya, sannan duk surar data sauka kafin yin hijira itace akekira da Makiyya. Surorin Makkah wato makiyya sunfi kirane da yin bayani akanImani daTauhidi darayuwa bayan mutuwa. Amma sukuma surorin Madinan, sunfi mayar da hankali akan yadda rayuwar Musulmai take da kuma abunda zai kaisa ga tsira da dacewa da gidan aljannah. Baccin suratulAt-Tawba, dukkanin surorin alkur'ani sunfara ne daDa sunan Allah, Mai Rahma mai Jinkai watoBismillah kuma itace ke raba tsakanin sura da sura. Surorin alkur'ani ajere suke, amma bawai daga manya zuwa kanana ba, ko kanana zuwa manya ba. A cakude suke. Surorin alkur'ani ake karantawa lokacin tsayuwar (Qiyam) da Musulmi keyi lokacinsallah. SuratulAl-Fatiha, itace sura ta farko acikin alkur'ani, ana karanta ta a kowace raka'ar sallah tareda wata Daga cikin surorin alqur'ani.
↑Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami (2003),The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments, p.70. UK Islamic Academy. ISBN|978-1872531656.
