 Rikicin da aka yi wa mutanen LGBTQ | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Cin zarafin jinsi daanti-LGBT hate crime(en) |
| Bangare na | anti-LGBT hate crime(en) |
| Fuskar | homophobia(en) datransphobia(en) |
| Nufi | LGBTQ person(en) |
Mutanen LGBTQ galibi suna fuskantar tashin hankali da aka yi wa jima'i, asalin jinsi, ko nuna jinsi.[1][2] Wannan tashin hankali na iya zama na jihar, kamar yadda yake a cikin dokokin da ke ba da horo ga ayyukan luwadi, ko kuma ta mutane. Yana iya zama na tunani ko na jiki kuma yana motsawa ta hanyar Bifobia, Gayphobia, homophobia, lesbophobia, aphobia, da transphobia. Abubuwan da ke tasiri na iya zama al'adu, addini, ko dabi'u da nuna bambanci na siyasa.
A halin yanzu, ayyukan luwadi sun zama doka a kusan dukkanin Kasashen Yamma, kuma a yawancin waɗannan ƙasashe ana rarraba tashin hankali ga mutanen LGBTQ a matsayinLaifin ƙiyayya. A waje da Yamma, kasashe da yawa ana ganin suna da haɗari ga yawan jama'ar LGBTQ saboda dokokin nuna bambanci da barazanar tashin hankali. Wadannan sun hada da ƙasashe inda addini ya fi rinjaye shine Islama, yawancinKasashen Afirka (sai dai Afirka ta Kudu), yawancin Kasashen Asiya (sai dai ƙasashen LGBT-friendly kamar Isra'ila, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam da Philippines), da wasu tsoffin ƙasashen kwaminisanci kamar Rasha, Poland (LGBTQ-free zone), Serbia, Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro da Bosnia da Herzegovina. Irin wannan tashin hankali sau da yawa ana danganta shi da la'akari da addini game da luwadi ko halayen zamantakewar al'umma waɗanda ke nuna luwadi a matsayin rashin lafiya ko lahani.
A tarihi, tsanantawa da aka amince da shi ga masu luwadi ya fi iyakance ga luwadi na maza, wanda ake kira "sodomy". A lokacin Tsakiyar Tsakiya da farkonzamani, hukuncin sodomy yawanci mutuwa ce.[3] A lokacin zamani (daga karni na 19 zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20) a kasashen Yamma, hukuncin yawanci tarar ko ɗaurin kurkuku ne. Akwai raguwa a wuraren da ayyukan luwadi suka kasance ba bisa ka'ida ba daga 2009 lokacin da akwai kasashe 80 a duk duniya (musamman a duk Gabas ta Tsakiya, Asiya ta Tsakiya da kuma mafi yawan Afirka, amma kuma a wasu daga cikin Caribbean da Oceania) tare da biyar da ke ɗauke da hukuncin kisa zuwa 2016 lokacin da kasashe 72 suka aikata laifuka da suka yi laifuka ga ayyukan jima'i tsakanin manya na jinsi ɗaya.[4][5]
Brazil, kasar da ke da kariya gaHakkin LGBTQ da auren jinsi guda na doka,Grupo Gay da Bahia [pt] [pt] (GGB) ta ba da rahoton cewa tana da mafi girman kisan gillar LGBTQ a duniya, tare da fiye da kisan kai 380 a cikin 2017 kadai, karuwar kashi 30% idan aka kwatanta da 2016. Maza masu luwadi suna fuskantar mummunan tashin hankali a wurare da yawa a duniya, misali taISIS, dutsenNajeriya, da sauransu.[6]
A wasu ƙasashe, kashi 85% na ɗaliban LGBTQ suna fuskantar tashin hankali na homophobic da transphobic a makaranta, kuma kashi 45% na ɗaliban transgender sun fita daga makaranta.[7]
Yawancin dokoki da ka'idojin azabtarwa da aka kafa da tsauri waɗanda suka haramta aikin sodomy ana tilasta su kuma ana ƙarfafa su a duk nahiyar Turai don gurfanar da kuma azabtar da waɗanda aka same su da laifi saboda laifin aikata laifuka daga ƙarni na 4 zuwa 12.
A lokacin Jamhuriyar Republican na Tsohon Roma,Lex Scantinia wanda ba a tabbatar da shi ba ya hukunta duk wani namiji da ya girma don aikata Laifin jima'i (stuprum) a kan ɗan ƙasa namiji (ingenuus). Ba a san ko hukuncin kisa ne ko tarar ba. Hakanan ana iya amfani da dokar don gurfanar da 'yan ƙasa maza da suka yi amfani da su don karɓar rawar da ba ta dace ba a cikin jima'i, amma ba a rubuta tuhumar da yawa kuma tanadin dokar ba su da tabbas; kamar yadda John Boswell ya lura. "Idan akwai doka game da dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutane da jinsi ɗaya, babu wanda ya san komai game da shi a lokacinCicero".
Lokacin da dukanDaular Romawa ta zo ƙarƙashinMulkin Kirista wanda ya fara da mulkin Constantine the Great, duk nau'ikan ayyukan sodomite tsakanin mutane (musamman waɗanda ke da jinsi ɗaya) an ƙara hana su, sau da yawa tare da baƙin ciki na mutuwa. A cikin 342 AZ, sarakunan Romawa na KiristaConstantius daConstans sun bayyana auren sodomite ba bisa ka'ida ba ne. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan kusan shekara ta 390 AZ. Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Valentinian II, Theodosius I daArcadius sun bayyana duk ayyukan sodomy a matsayin laifi ne na aikata laifuka ba bisa ka'ida ba game da tsarin yanayin ɗan adam a cikin al'umma mai wayewa kuma waɗanda aka same su da laifi an tsawata su sosai kuma an yanke musu hukuncin ƙone su a fili har zuwa mutuwa.[8] Sarkin sarakuna na Roma Justinian I (527-565 AZ) ya sanya sodomites a matsayin abin zargi ga matsalolin kamar " yunwa, girgizar ƙasa, da annoba".
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