 Nazarin dorewa | |
|---|---|
branch of science(en) daacademic discipline(en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Nazarin muhalli,kimiyyar siyasa dasustainability science(en) |
| Is the study of(en) | sustainability(en) |
Nazarin dorewa wani fanni ne na ilimi daban-daban wanda ke nazarin ƙa'idodi da ayyukan dorewa da ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Manhajar karatu galibi tana haɗa yanayin ƙasa, noma, manufofin muhalli, ɗabi'a, muhalli, gine-ginen shimfidar wuri, tsare-tsaren birane da yankuna, tattalin arziki, kula da albarkatun ƙasa, zamantakewa, da ilimin ɗan adam.[1]
Jami'o'i da yawa suna ba da shirye-shiryen digiri a cikin karatun dorewa don shirya masu digiri don matsayi a cikin kula da muhalli, ci gaban manufofi, da ayyukan kasuwanci masu ɗorewa.[2]
Ka'idodin dorewa na farko sun fito ne don mayar da martani ga yawan amfani da albarkatu a lokacin juyin juya halin masana'antu, lokacin da ba a tsara hakar kwal, mai, da baƙin ƙarfe ba ya haifar da lalacewar muhalli.[3] Kungiyoyin kiyayewa irin su National Audubon Society (wanda aka kafa a 1886) da Sierra Club (wanda aka gina a 1892) suna da niyyar kare namun daji da wuraren daji, kuma Dokar Lacey ta 1900 ta zama dokar kare namun daji ta farko a Amurka.[4]
A farkon karni na ashirin, masu ba da shawara ciki har da Gene Stratton-Porter sun inganta adanawa, kuma ci gaban kimiyya na George Washington Carver da Marie Curie sun rinjayi ayyukan da suka dace a aikin gona da makamashi.[5][6] Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt ya kafa wuraren shakatawa da wuraren ajiya da yawa, yana kare sama da kadada miliyan 230 da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da kiyayewa.[7]
Taron Duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1992 a Rio ya haifar da Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Canjin Yanayi, wanda ya sanar da manufofin rage fitarwa na Kyoto na 1997.[8] Duk da yake Amurka ba ta tabbatar da Kyoto ba kuma wasu kasashe sun kasa cika alkawura, waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin sun kafa tsarin hadin gwiwar duniya.[9] A cikin 2015, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da manufofi goma sha bakwai na ci gaba mai ɗorewa tare da manufofinai don 2030.
Masu bincike a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin da farkon ƙarni na ɗari ɗaya sun ba da shawarar cewa kimantawa na ɗorewa ya haɗa da tattalin arziki, muhalli, zamantakewa, da girman ma'aikata; la'akari da hangen nesa na dogon lokaci da kariya; shiga masu ruwa da tsaki; kuma magance daidaito tsakanin tsararraki.[10]