Labarin kasa ko jografi watan (Geography) daga Girkanci : γεωγραφία , Geographia, a zahiri (World Description"), ne a fannin kimiyya da fasaha na nazarin ƙasashe, fasali, mazaunanta, da kuma mamaki na Duniya da kumataurari. Mutum na farko da yayi amfani da kuma kalmar γεωγραφία shine (Eratosthenes) (276-194 BC). Geography Ilimi ne mai dumbin yawa wanda ke fahimtar da Duniya abubuwan da ke tattare da ɗan adam da na halitta- ba wai kawai inda abubuwa suke ba, har ma da yadda suka canza suka kasance.Sau da yawa ana bayyana yanayin ƙasa dangane da rassa biyu: Labarin ɗan adam da Labarin ƙasa na zahiri . Tarihin yanayin ɗan adam ya damu da nazarin mutane da al'ummomin su, al'adu, tattalin arziƙi, da mu'amala da muhalli ta hanyar nazarin alaƙar su da ta sararin samaniya da wuri. Lissafi na zahiri ya shafi nazarin matakai da alamu a cikin yanayin sararin samaniyia kamarmuhallin,hydrosphere,biosphere, dageosphere.Hadisai huɗu na tarihi a cikin binciken ƙasa suna nun inazarin sarari na abubuwan halitta da abubuwan ɗan adam,nazarin yanki na wurare da yankuna, nazarin alakar ɗan adam da ƙasa, dakimiyyar Duniya. An kira geography "horo na duniya" da "gada tsakanin ilimin ɗan adam da nazahiri ".
Labarin Kasa, nazari tsari na Duniya da fasalulluka. A al'adance, alaƙar ƙasa an haɗa shi dazane -zane da sunayen wuri. Kodayake yawancin masu ilimin yanayin ƙasa an horar da su cikinjigogi da zane-zane, wannan ba shine babban abin da suka shagala da shi ba. Masu binciken ƙasa suna nazarinsararin samaniya dararraba bayanai na ɗan lokaci na abubuwan mamaki, matakai, da fasali gami dahulɗar mutane damuhallin su.[1]Saboda sarari da wuri yana shafar batutuwa iri -iri, kamartattalin arziki,lafiya,yanayi,tsirrai dadabbobi, yanayin ƙasa yana da alaƙa da juna. Halin da ke tsakanin alaƙar ƙasa ya dogara da mai da hankali ga alaƙar da ke tsakanin abubuwan zahiri da na ɗan adam da yanayin sa.[2].
Geography a matsayin horo za a iya raba shi cikin manyan fannoni guda biyu na haɗin gwiwa:labarin ɗan adam dayanayin ƙasa. Tsohon ya fi mayar da hankali kanyanayin da aka gina da kuma yadda mutane ke ƙirƙira, dubawa, sarrafawa, da yin tasiri sararin samaniya.[3] Na karshen yana nazarin yanayin yanayi, da yaddakwayoyin halitta, yanayi,ƙasa,ruwa, datsarin ƙasa ke samarwa da hulɗa.
↑Aber, James Sandusky (2003). "Abu Rayhan al-Biruni".academic.emporia.edu. Emporia State University. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
↑Aughton, Peter (2009).Voyages that changed the world. Penguin Group. ISBN978-1-84724-004-0.
