 Cinikin bayi a Amurka | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | slave trade(en) |
| Ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
Cinikin bayi na cikin gida a Amurka, wanda aka fi sani da cinikin bayi na gida, Hanya ta Tsakiya ta Biyu[1] da cinikin bawa tsakanin yankuna,[2] shine cinikin kasuwanci na bayi a cikinAmurka. Ya kasance mafi mahimmanci bayan 1808, lokacin da dokar tarayya ta haramta shigo da bayi daga Afirka. Masana tarihi sun kiyasta cewa an tilasta wa bayi sama da miliyan daya daga Upper South, wurare kamar Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Arewacin Carolina,[3] Tennessee, da Missouri, zuwa yankuna da jihohin Deep South, musamman Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, da Texas.
1776 zuwa 1808: Wannan lokacin ya fara ne da Sanarwar 'yancin kai kuma ya ƙare lokacin da aka haramta shigo da bayi daga Afirka da Caribbean a karkashin dokar tarayya a cikin 1808; Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta haramta shigowar bayi a lokacin yakin juyin juya halin Amurka amma ta sake dawowa a cikin gida daga baya, da farko ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa na Wilmington, North Carolina (har zuwa 1785),[4] Savannah, Georgia (har zuwa 1798),[5] da Charleston, South Carolina (har sai aka sake buɗe cinikin bayi na Afirka ta Kudu a watan Disamba 1803 kuma ya shigo da mutane 39,0758). Wasu bayi da aka tura zuwa waɗannan tashar jiragen ruwa an sake siyar da su a cikin gida, wasu an tura su zuwa kasuwannin bayi na Natchez da New Orleans na ƙananan Mississippi.[6]
1808 zuwa cirewar Indiya da kuma kirkirar gin na auduga mai tsawo (1830s): Wannan lokacin fadada ƙasa zai iya kasancewa a baya ga Sayen Louisiana na 1803, kuma ya haɗa da ba da Mutanen Espanya Yammacin Florida a cikin 1821.[3] A cikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan Yaƙin 1812, kasuwannin bayi mafi aiki a cikin Kudancin Kudancin sun kasance a Algiers, Louisiana, da Natchez, Mississippi . [4] Wani masanin tarihin New Orleans ya sami shaidar cewa "Sarauniyar cinikayya", kamar yadda aka sani da New Orleans daga baya, ta buɗe don kasuwanci a farkon shekarun karni na 19, amma "ba har zuwa shekarun 1820 ba ne ya daidaita sosai cewa yawan 'yan kasuwa na bayi na Amurka ya karu zuwa daidaito mai ban sha'awa" kuma a 1827 "New Orleans ya zama babban cibiyar cinikin bayi a ƙananan Kudu".[5] : 151 : 151
Cinikin bayi na cikin gida ya ɓace a lokacin yakin basasarAmurka - akwai raguwar farashi tsakanin 1860 da 1862, saboda "rashin tabbas na kasuwa" wanda ke hana masu hasashe. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1861, wani "Kudancin Mississippian" wanda ya yi kama da adawa da rabuwa duk da cewa "babu wani mutum a Mississippi da ke da mafi girman rabo na dukiyarsa a cikin baƙi" ya rubuta Louisville Courier cewa "Masu rabuwa suna aiwatar da ka'idoji da sha'awar abolitionists. Wataƙila ba za a iya sayar da baƙi a nan a $ 500 a cikin kuɗi mai kyau ba. 'Yan kasuwa Negro suna da ƙarancin nan kamar yadda a Boston. Duk da haka, kasuwancin ya kasance mai haɗari kuma farashin ya tashi a cikin kariya na CSA, kuma a cikin kisancin su "Ba tare da wannan ba".