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Chess engine written in Rust ♛

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TravisCrates.io

Little Wing is the successor ofPurple Haze.

The project started in December 2014 to learn the Rust language and play withbitboards. Both experiments were conclusive and Little Wing it is stillmaintained in 2023.

Currently evaluated at around 2200 ELO on CCRL 40/4 Rating List.

asciicast

Features

  • Interfaces
    • A nice CLI with many commands
    • XBoard and UCI communication protocols
    • Public API withdocumented library
  • Board representation
    • Bitboard with LLVM CTPOP and CTTZ
    • Sliding piece attacks with Hyperbola Quintessence and First Rank Attacks
    • Zobrist hashing with Xorshift RNG
    • Staged moves generation
    • MVV/LVA and SEE moves ordering with insertion sort
    • FEN support
  • Search
    • Principal variation search
    • Quiescence search
    • Transposition table
    • Null move pruning
    • Internal iterative deepening
    • Futility pruning
    • Late move reduction
    • Killer heuristic
  • Evaluation
    • Piece square table evaluation
    • Mobility evaluation
    • Static exchange evaluation

Install

Binaries for GNU/Linux (x86-64), Android (ARMv7), and Windows (x86-64) areavailable:https://vinc.cc/binaries

If you want to compile Little Wing yourself, you must first install Rust:

$ curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

Then you can install the latest stable version of the engine with Cargo:

$ cargo install littlewing

Or the development version by fetching the git repository:

$ git clone https://github.com/vinc/littlewing.git$ cd littlewing$ export RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native"$ export LITTLEWING_VERSION="$(git describe)"$ cargo build --release$ sudo cp target/release/littlewing /usr/local/bin

Usage

Little Wing is compatible with XBoard and UCI communication protocols,and in addition it has its own text-based user interface:

$ littlewing                                      _,;               ,       .--.       _,-'.-;                \`-, <) o  `._ ,-' ,'`_7                <_  `-\ _       _,' _.'                  <_`".| `\    `  _.>                    <_ ;   \     _>                     `"     ;  ``  Little Wing v0.7.0    \   |   \                         '|-. _  \  by Vincent Ollivier  _/ /     \ '.  +---+---+---+---+---+"-"`---+--'\_>  | r | n | b | q | k | b | n | r | 8  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | 7  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 6  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 5  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 4  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 3  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | 2  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+    a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h> move e4  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | r | n | b | q | k | b | n | r | 8  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | 7  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 6  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 5  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   | P |   |   |   | 4  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 3  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | P | P | P | P |   | P | P | P | 2  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+    a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h> time 1 10> show think> play black  ply  score    time      nodes  pv    1    -46       0          1  1. ... a6    1    -45       0          3  1. ... c6    1    -22       0          4  1. ... d6    1    -20       0          5  1. ... e6    1     -1       0         14  1. ... d5    1      0       0         15  1. ... e5    1      9       0         20  1. ... Nc6    2    -47       0         53  1. ... Nc6 2. Nc3    3      9       0        278  1. ... Nc6 2. Nc3 Nf6    4    -45       0        860  1. ... Nc6 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3    4    -31       1       2437  1. ... d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3    5    -32       1       4647  1. ... d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3 Qd4    5    -20       2       7442  1. ... d6 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6    5      0       2      11381  1. ... e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6    5      1       2      12946  1. ... Nc6 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 d5    6    -21       3      14052  1. ... Nc6 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 d5 4. d3    7     -7       6      34813  1. ... Nc6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. e5 Ng4 4. d4 d5    8    -29       9      53113  1. ... Nc6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. e5 Ng4 4. d4 d6                                 5. h3    9    -25      27     181431  1. ... Nc6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 e6 4. Nc3 Bb4                                 5. Nf3 Nge7    9    -12      35     241217  1. ... e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 exd4                                 5. Nxd4 d5   10    -10      50     363028  1. ... e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 exd4                                 5. Nxd4 d5 6. f3   11     -7     109     815399  1. ... e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nxe5 d6 4. Nc4 Nxe4                                 5. d3 Nf6 6. Nc3 Nc6   12    -23     218    1686098  1. ... e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. d4 exd4                                 5. Nxd4 d5 6. exd5 Nxd5 7. Bc4   13    -13     467    3791367  1. ... e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. d4 exd4                                 5. Nxd4 d5 6. exd5 Nxd5 7. Bc4< move e5  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | r | n | b | q | k | b | n | r | 8  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | p | p | p | p |   | p | p | p | 7  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 6  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   | p |   |   |   | 5  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   | P |   |   |   | 4  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 3  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | P | P | P | P |   | P | P | P | 2  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+  | R | N | B | Q | K | B | N | R | 1  +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+    a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h> helpCommands:  quit                      Exit this program  help                      Display this screen  load [<options>]          Load game from <options>  save [<options>]          Save game to <options>  hint                      Search the best move  play [<color>]            Search and play [<color>] move[s]  undo                      Undo the last move  move <move>               Play <move> on the board  show <feature>            Show <feature>  hide <feature>            Hide <feature>  time <moves> <time>       Set clock to <moves> in <time> (in seconds)  hash <size>               Set the <size> of the memory (in MB)  core <number>             Set the <number> of threads  perft [<depth>]           Count the nodes at each depth  perftsuite <epd>          Compare perft results to each position of <epd>  testsuite <epd> [<time>]  Search each position of <epd> [for <time>]  divide <depth>            Count the nodes at <depth> for each moves  uci                       Start UCI mode  xboard                    Start XBoard modeMade with <3 in 2014-2023 by Vincent Ollivier <v@vinc.cc>Report bugs to https://github.com/vinc/littlewing/issues> quit

Tests

Run the test suite with Cargo:

$ cargo test

Little Wing also have aperft command for counting the number of nodes ateach depth from the starting position.

$ cargo run -- --silent> perftperft 1 -> 20 (0.00 s, 5.83e4 nps)perft 2 -> 400 (0.00 s, 7.62e5 nps)perft 3 -> 8902 (0.01 s, 7.44e5 nps)perft 4 -> 197281 (0.16 s, 1.26e6 nps)perft 5 -> 4865609 (3.82 s, 1.27e6 nps)

And aperftsuite command for comparing the results of a perft calculationwith the given EPD file.

$ cargo run -- --silent> perftsuite tests/perftsuite.epdrnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1 -> ......r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq - 0 1 -> ......4k3/8/8/8/8/8/8/4K2R w K - 0 1 -> ......4k3/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K3 w Q - 0 1 -> ......4k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/4K3 w k - 0 1 -> ......r3k3/8/8/8/8/8/8/4K3 w q - 0 1 -> ......4k3/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K2R w KQ - 0 1 -> ......r3k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/4K3 w kq - 0 1 -> ......8/8/8/8/8/8/6k1/4K2R w K - 0 1 -> ......8/8/8/8/8/8/1k6/R3K3 w Q - 0 1 -> ......4k2r/6K1/8/8/8/8/8/8 w k - 0 1 -> ......r3k3/1K6/8/8/8/8/8/8 w q - 0 1 -> ......

And the usual debug commands likedivide ortestsuite:

$ cargo run -- --silent> testsuite tests/wac.epd 12rr3k/pp3pp1/1nnqbN1p/3pN3/2pP4/2P3Q1/PPB4P/R4RK1 w - - bm Qg6 -> Qg68/7p/5k2/5p2/p1p2P2/Pr1pPK2/1P1R3P/8 b - - bm Rxb2 -> c35rk1/1ppb3p/p1pb4/6q1/3P1p1r/2P1R2P/PP1BQ1P1/5RKN w - - bm Rg3 -> Rg3r1bq2rk/pp3pbp/2p1p1pQ/7P/3P4/2PB1N2/PP3PPR/2KR4 w - - bm Qxh7+ -> Qxh7+5k2/6pp/p1qN4/1p1p4/3P4/2PKP2Q/PP3r2/3R4 b - - bm Qc4+ -> Qc4+7k/p7/1R5K/6r1/6p1/6P1/8/8 w - - bm Rb7 -> Rb7rnbqkb1r/pppp1ppp/8/4P3/6n1/7P/PPPNPPP1/R1BQKBNR b KQkq - bm Ne3 -> Ne3r4q1k/p2bR1rp/2p2Q1N/5p2/5p2/2P5/PP3PPP/R5K1 w - - bm Rf7 -> Rf73q1rk1/p4pp1/2pb3p/3p4/6Pr/1PNQ4/P1PB1PP1/4RRK1 b - - bm Bh2+ -> Bh2+2br2k1/2q3rn/p2NppQ1/2p1P3/Pp5R/4P3/1P3PPP/3R2K1 w - - bm Rxh7 -> Rxh7r1b1kb1r/3q1ppp/pBp1pn2/8/Np3P2/5B2/PPP3PP/R2Q1RK1 w kq - bm Bxc6 -> Bxc6

Here we usedcargo run to run the engine in debug mode, but you can invokeit fromlittlewing if you installed it to make it run (much) faster.

The CLI as been designed to interface nicely with other Unix tools, for exampleto test if the times from perft are stable you can do:

$ for i in $(seq 0 10); do littlewing -s <<< "perft 6"; sleep 1; done

Anyway, have fun with it and send me your feedback atv@vinc.cc!

License

Little Wing is released under MIT.

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