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Commiteb775bd

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feature#8599 Updated the Best Practices for Symfony 4 and Flex (javiereguiluz)
This PR was squashed before being merged into the master branch (closes#8599).Discussion----------Updated the Best Practices for Symfony 4 and FlexStill WIP. Some controllers have not been reviewed yet.Commits-------335e461 Fixed after Fabien's review68b7a18 Fixed some missing references9794c0b Updated more contentsb997c1e Updated the Best Practices for Symfony 4 and Flex
2 parentsab9d232 +335e461 commiteb775bd

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‎best_practices/business-logic.rst‎

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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -25,15 +25,25 @@ Inside here, you can create whatever directories you want to organize things:
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├─ var/
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└─ vendor/
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Services: Naming and Format
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---------------------------
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.. _services-naming-and-format:
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The blog application needs a utility that can transform a post title (e.g.
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"Hello World") into a slug (e.g. "hello-world"). The slug will be used as
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part of the post URL.
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Services: Naming and Configuration
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----------------------------------
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..best-practice::
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Use autowiring to automate the configuration of application services.
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Let's create a new ``Slugger`` class inside ``src/Utils/`` and
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add the following ``slugify()`` method:
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:doc:`Service autowiring</service_container/autowiring>` is a feature provided
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by Symfony's Service Container to manage services with minimal configuration. It
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reads the type-hints on your constructor (or other methods) and automatically
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passes the correct services to each method. It can also add
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:doc:`service tags</service_container/tags>` to the services needed them, such
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as Twig extensions, event subscribers, etc.
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The blog application needs a utility that can transform a post title (e.g.
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"Hello World") into a slug (e.g. "hello-world") to include it as part of the
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post URL. Let's create a new ``Slugger`` class inside ``src/Utils/``:
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..code-block::php
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@@ -42,56 +52,33 @@ add the following ``slugify()`` method:
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class Slugger
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{
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public function slugify($string)
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public function slugify(string $value): string
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{
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return preg_replace(
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'/[^a-z0-9]/', '-', strtolower(trim(strip_tags($string)))
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);
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// ...
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}
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}
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Next, define a new service for that class.
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..code-block::yaml
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# config/services.yaml
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services:
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# ...
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# use the fully-qualified class name as the service id
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App\Utils\Slugger:
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public:false
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..note::
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If you're using the:ref:`default services.yml configuration<service-container-services-load-example>`,
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the class is auto-registered as a service.
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Traditionally, the naming convention for a service was a short, but unique
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snake case key - e.g. ``app.utils.slugger``. But for most services, you should now
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use the class name.
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If you're using the:ref:`default services.yaml configuration<service-container-services-load-example>`,
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this class is auto-registered as a service whose ID is ``App\Utils\Slugger`` (or
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simply ``Slugger::class`` if the class is already imported in your code).
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..best-practice::
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The id of your application's services should be equal to their class name,
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except when you have multiple services configured for the same class (in that
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case, use a snake case id).
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Now you can use the custom slugger in anycontroller class, such as the
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``AdminController``:
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Now you can use the custom slugger in anyother service or controller class,
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such as the``AdminController``:
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..code-block::php
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use App\Utils\Slugger;
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public functioncreateAction(Request $request, Slugger $slugger)
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public functioncreate(Request $request, Slugger $slugger)
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{
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// ...
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91-
// you can also fetch a public service like this
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// but fetching services in this way is not considered a best practice
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// $slugger = $this->get(Slugger::class);
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if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
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$slug = $slugger->slugify($post->getTitle());
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$post->setSlug($slug);
@@ -127,36 +114,6 @@ personal taste.
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We recommend YAML because it's friendly to newcomers and concise. You can
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of course use whatever format you like.
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Service: No Class Parameter
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---------------------------
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You may have noticed that the previous service definition doesn't configure
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the class namespace as a parameter:
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..code-block::yaml
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# config/services.yaml
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# service definition with class namespace as parameter
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parameters:
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slugger.class:App\Utils\Slugger
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services:
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app.slugger:
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class:'%slugger.class%'
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This practice is cumbersome and completely unnecessary for your own services.
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..best-practice::
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Don't define parameters for the classes of your services.
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This practice was wrongly adopted from third-party bundles. When Symfony
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introduced its service container, some developers used this technique to easily
156-
allow overriding services. However, overriding a service by just changing its
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class name is a very rare use case because, frequently, the new service has
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different constructor arguments.
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160117
Using a Persistence Layer
161118
-------------------------
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‎best_practices/controllers.rst‎

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@@ -5,16 +5,15 @@ Symfony follows the philosophy of *"thin controllers and fat models"*. This
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means that controllers should hold just the thin layer of *glue-code*
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needed to coordinate the different parts of the application.
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As a rule of thumb, you should follow the 5-10-20 rule, where controllers should
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only define 5 variables or less, contain 10 actions or less and include 20 lines
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of code or less in each action. This isn't an exact science, but it should
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help you realize when code should be refactored out of the controller and
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into a service.
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Your controller methods should just call to other services, trigger some events
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if needed and then return a response, but they should not contain any actual
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business logic. If they do, refactor it out of the controller and into a service.
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..best-practice::
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Make your controller extend the FrameworkBundle base controller and use
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annotations to configure routing, caching and security whenever possible.
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Make your controller extend the ``AbstractController`` base controller
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provided by Symfony and use annotations to configure routing, caching and
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security whenever possible.
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Coupling the controllers to the underlying framework allows you to leverage
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all of its features and increases your productivity.
@@ -33,6 +32,18 @@ Overall, this means you should aggressively decouple your business logic
3332
from the framework while, at the same time, aggressively coupling your controllers
3433
and routing *to* the framework in order to get the most out of it.
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35+
Controller Action Naming
36+
------------------------
37+
38+
..best-practice::
39+
40+
Don't add the ``Action`` suffix to the methods of the controller actions.
41+
42+
The first Symfony versions required that controller method names ended in
43+
``Action`` (e.g. ``newAction()``, ``showAction()``). This suffix became optional
44+
when annotations were introduced for controllers. In modern Symfony applications
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this suffix is neither required nor recommended, so you can safely remove it.
46+
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Routing Configuration
3748
---------------------
3849

@@ -94,32 +105,32 @@ for the homepage of our app:
94105
namespace App\Controller;
95106
96107
use App\Entity\Post;
97-
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;
108+
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
98109
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;
99110
100-
class DefaultController extendsController
111+
class DefaultController extendsAbstractController
101112
{
102113
/**
103114
* @Route("/", name="homepage")
104115
*/
105-
public functionindexAction()
116+
public functionindex()
106117
{
107118
$posts = $this->getDoctrine()
108119
->getRepository(Post::class)
109120
->findLatest();
110121
111-
return $this->render('default/index.html.twig',array(
122+
return $this->render('default/index.html.twig',[
112123
'posts' => $posts,
113-
));
124+
]);
114125
}
115126
}
116127
117128
Fetching Services
118129
-----------------
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120-
If you extend the base ``Controller`` class, you can access services directly from
121-
the container via ``$this->container->get()`` or ``$this->get()``. But instead, you
122-
should use dependency injection to fetch services: most easily done by
131+
If you extend the base ``AbstractController`` class, you can't access services
132+
directly fromthe container via ``$this->container->get()`` or ``$this->get()``.
133+
Instead, you must use dependency injection to fetch services: most easily done by
123134
:ref:`type-hinting action method arguments<controller-accessing-services>`:
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125136
..best-practice::
@@ -153,40 +164,41 @@ For example:
153164
/**
154165
* @Route("/{id}", name="admin_post_show")
155166
*/
156-
public functionshowAction(Post $post)
167+
public functionshow(Post $post)
157168
{
158169
$deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($post);
159170
160-
return $this->render('admin/post/show.html.twig',array(
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return $this->render('admin/post/show.html.twig',[
161172
'post' => $post,
162173
'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
163-
));
174+
]);
164175
}
165176
166-
Normally, you'd expect a ``$id`` argument to ``showAction()``. Instead, by
167-
creating anew argument (``$post``) and type-hinting it with the ``Post``
168-
class (which is aDoctrine entity), the ParamConverter automatically queries
169-
for an object whose``$id`` property matches the ``{id}`` value. It will
170-
also show a 404 page if no``Post`` can be found.
177+
Normally, you'd expect a ``$id`` argument to ``show()``. Instead, by creating a
178+
new argument (``$post``) and type-hinting it with the ``Post`` class (which is a
179+
Doctrine entity), the ParamConverter automatically queries for an object whose
180+
``$id`` property matches the ``{id}`` value. It will also show a 404 page if no
181+
``Post`` can be found.
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172183
When Things Get More Advanced
173184
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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175-
The above example works without any configuration because the wildcard name ``{id}`` matches
176-
the name of the property on the entity. If this isn't true, or if you have
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even more complex logic, the easiest thing to do is just query for the entity
178-
manually. In our application, we have this situation in ``CommentController``:
186+
The above example works without any configuration because the wildcard name
187+
``{id}`` matches the name of the property on the entity. If this isn't true, or
188+
if you have even more complex logic, the easiest thing to do is just query for
189+
the entity manually. In our application, we have this situation in
190+
``CommentController``:
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180192
..code-block::php
181193
182194
/**
183195
* @Route("/comment/{postSlug}/new", name = "comment_new")
184196
*/
185-
public functionnewAction(Request $request, $postSlug)
197+
public functionnew(Request $request, $postSlug)
186198
{
187199
$post = $this->getDoctrine()
188200
->getRepository(Post::class)
189-
->findOneBy(array('slug' => $postSlug));
201+
->findOneBy(['slug' => $postSlug]);
190202
191203
if (!$post) {
192204
throw $this->createNotFoundException();
@@ -209,7 +221,7 @@ flexible:
209221
* @Route("/comment/{postSlug}/new", name = "comment_new")
210222
* @ParamConverter("post", options={"mapping": {"postSlug": "slug"}})
211223
*/
212-
public functionnewAction(Request $request, Post $post)
224+
public functionnew(Request $request, Post $post)
213225
{
214226
// ...
215227
}

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