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Scalable Bayesian disease mapping models (univariate and multivariate) for high-dimensional data using a divide and conquer approach.

• The package
• Installation
• Basic Use
• Updates
• Copyright and license

This package implements several (scalable) spatial and spatio-temporal Poisson mixed models for high-dimensional areal count data in a fully Bayesian setting using the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) technique.

Below, there is a list with a brief overview of all package functions:

• add_neighbour Adds isolated areas (polygons) to its nearest neighbour.
• CAR_INLA Fits several spatial CAR models for high-dimensional count data.
• clustering_partition Obtain a spatial partition using the DBSC algorithm.
• connect_subgraphs Merges disjoint connected subgraphs.
• divide_carto Divides the spatial domain into subregions.
• MCAR_INLA Fits several spatial multivariate CAR models for high-dimensional count data.
• mergeINLA Merges inla objects for partition models.
• Mmodel_compute_cor Computes between-disease correlation coefficients for M-models.
• Mmodel_idd Implements the spatially non-structured multivariate latent effect.
• Mmodel_icar Implements the intrinsic multivariate latent effect.
• Mmodel_lcar Implements the Leroux et al. (1999) multivariate latent effect.
• Mmodel_pcar Implements the proper multivariate latent effect.
• random_partition Defines a random partition of the spatial domain based on a regular grid.
• STCAR_INLA Fits several spatio-temporal CAR models for high-dimensional count data.

Installing Rtools45 for Windows

R version 4.5.0 and newer for Windows requires the new Rtools45 to build R packages with C/C++/Fortran code from source.

install.packages("bigDM")

# Install devtools package from CRAN repositoryinstall.packages("devtools")# Load devtools librarylibrary(devtools)# Install the R-INLA packageinstall.packages("INLA", repos=c(getOption("repos"), INLA="https://inla.r-inla-download.org/R/stable"), dep=TRUE)# In some Linux OS, it might be necessary to first install the following packagesinstall.packages(c("cpp11","proxy","progress","tzdb","vroom"))# Install bigDM from GitHub repositoyinstall_github("spatialstatisticsupna/bigDM")

IMPORTANT NOTE: At least the stable version of INLA 22.11.22 (or newest) must be installed for the correct use of the bigDM package.

See the following vignettes for further details and examples using this package:

• bigDM: fitting spatial models
• bigDM: parallel and distributed modelling
• bigDM: fitting spatio-temporal models
• bigDM: fitting multivariate spatial models

When using this package, please cite the following papers:

Orozco-Acosta, E., Adin, A., and Ugarte, M.D. (2021). Scalable Bayesian modeling for smoothing disease risks in large spatial data sets using INLA.Spatial Statistics,41, 100496.

Orozco-Acosta, E., Adin, A., and Ugarte, M.D. (2023). Big problems in spatio-temporal disease mapping: methods and software.Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine,231, 107403.

Vicente, G., Adin, A., Goicoa, T., and Ugarte, M.D. (2023). High-dimensional order-free multivariate spatial disease mapping.Statistics and Computing,33, 104.

news(package="bigDM")

Changes in version 0.5.7 (2025 Sep 16)

• support dummy-coded clusters as fixed effects in spatial and spatio-temporal models

Changes in version 0.5.6 (2025 Mar 25)

• small changes for compatibility with the upcoming release offuture
• new 'scale.model' argument forCAR_INLA(),STCAR_INLA() andMCAR_INLA() functions
• code adjustments

Changes in version 0.5.5 (2024 Aug 19)

• condition for the upcoming release oftmap v4
• small changes for compatibility withspdep version 1.3-6
• newData_MultiCancer object

Changes in version 0.5.4 (2024 May 30)

• small bugs fixed and performance improvements
• package built for R-4.4

Changes in version 0.5.3 (2023 Oct 17)

• bugs fixed
• faster implementation ofdivide_carto() function

Changes in version 0.5.2 (2023 Jun 14)

• changes inmergeINLA() function
• 'X' argument included toSTCAR_INLA() function

Changes in version 0.5.1 (2023 Feb 14)

• small bugs fixed
• newinla.mode andnum.threads arguments forCAR_INLA(),STCAR_INLA() andMCAR_INLA() functions
• adaptation ofSTCAR_INLA() function for spatio-temporal predictions
• parallelization improvements using future package

Changes in version 0.5.0 (2022 Oct 27)

• newMCAR_INLA() function to fit scalable spatial multivariate CAR models
• changes inmergeINLA() function
• development of additional auxiliary functions

Changes in version 0.4.2 (2022 Jun 27)

• small bugs fixed
• new merging strategy

Changes in version 0.4.1 (2022 Feb 01)

• small bugs fixed
• version submmited to CRAN

Changes in version 0.4.0 (2022 Jan 21)

• newSTCAR_INLA() function to fit scalable spatio-temporal CAR models

Changes in version 0.3.2 (2021 Nov 05)

• X andconfounding arguments included toCAR_INLA() function
• new function included:clustering_partition()

Changes in version 0.3.1 (2021 May 03)

• W argument included toCAR_INLA() function

Changes in version 0.3.0 (2021 Apr 19)

• parallel and distributed computation strategies when fitting inla models with theCAR_INLA() function

Changes in version 0.2.2 (2021 Mar 12)

• new arguments included torandom_partition() function

Changes in version 0.2.1 (2021 Feb 25)

• Carto_SpainMUN data changed

Changes in version 0.2.0 (2020 Oct 01)

• speedup improvements inmergeINLA() function
• small bugs fixed

This work has been supported by Project MTM2017-82553-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Project PID2020-113125RB-I00/MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. It has also been partially funded by the Public University of Navarra (project PJUPNA2001) and by la Caixa Foundation (ID 1000010434), Caja Navarra Foundation and UNED Pamplona, under agreement LCF/PR/PR15/51100007 (project REF P/13/20).