Repository files navigation

ShellSpec is afull-featuredBDD unit testing framework for dash, bash, ksh, zsh andall POSIX shells that provides first-class features such as code coverage, mocking, parameterized test, parallel execution and more. It was developed as a dev/test tool forcross-platform shell scripts and shell script libraries. ShellSpec is a new modern testing framework released in 2019, but it's already stable enough. With lots of practical CLI features and simple yet powerful syntax, it provides you with a fun shell script test environment.

Version 0.28.0 has a lot of enhancements in the CLI. It is basically compatible, but there are some changes that you need to be aware of. SeeMigration Guide to Version 0.28.0 for details.

Thank you for your interest in ShellSpec. Please visit 🚩the official website to know the impressive features!

Let's have fun testing your shell scripts! (TryOnline Demo on your browser).

Latest Update.

SeeCHANGELOG.md

NOTE: This documentation contains unreleased features. Check them in the changelog.

• Supported shells and platforms
• Requirements
• Installation
  • Web installer (for developers)
  • Package manager
  • Manual installation
  • Distribution archive (runtime only)
• Tutorial
• ShellSpec CLI
  • runs specfile using/bin/sh by default
  • command options
• Project directory
  • Typical directory structure
  • Options file
  • .shellspec - project options file
  • .shellspec-local - user custom options file
  • .shellspec-basedir - specfile execution base directory
  • .shellspec-quick.log - quick execution log
  • report/ - report file directory
  • coverage/ - coverage reports directory
  • spec/ - (default) specfiles directory
  • <HELPERDIR> (default:spec/)
    • spec_helper.sh - (default) helper file for specfile
    • banner[.md] - banner file displayed at test execution
    • support/ - directory for support files
      • bin - directory for support commands
• Specfile (test file)
  • Example
  • About DSL
  • Execution directory
  • Embedded shell scripts
  • Translation process
  • Syntax formatter (altshfmt)
• DSL syntax
  • Basic structure
    • Describe,Context,ExampleGroup - example group block
    • It,Specify,Example - example block
    • Todo - one liner empty example
    • When - evaluation
      • call - call a shell function (without subshell)
      • run - run a command (within subshell)
        • command - runs an external command
        • script - runs a shell script
        • source - runs a script by. (dot) command
      • About executing aliases
    • The - expectation
      • Subjects
      • Modifiers
      • Matchers
      • Language chains
    • Assert - expectation for custom assertion
  • Pending, skip and focus
    • Pending - pending example
    • Skip - skip example
      • if - conditional skip
    • 'x' prefix for example group and example
      • xDescribe,xContext,xExampleGroup - skipped example group
      • xIt,xSpecify,xExample - skipped example
    • 'f' prefix for example group and example
      • fDescribe,fContext,fExampleGroup - focused example group
      • fIt,fSpecify,fExample - focused example
    • About temporary pending and skip
  • Hooks
    • BeforeEach (Before),AfterEach (After) - example hook
    • BeforeAll,AfterAll - example group hook
    • BeforeCall,AfterCall - call evaluation hook
    • BeforeRun,AfterRun - run evaluation hook
    • Pitfalls
  • Helpers
    • Dump - dump stdout, stderr, and status for debugging
    • Include - include a script file
    • Set - set shell options
    • Path,File,Dir - path alias
    • Data - pass data as stdin to evaluation
    • Parameters - parameterized example
    • Mock - create a command-based mock
    • Intercept - create an intercept point
• Directives
  • %const (%) - constant definition
  • %text - embedded text
  • %puts (%-),%putsn (%=) - output a string (with newline)
  • %printf - alias for printf
  • %sleep - alias for sleep
  • %preserve - preserve variables
  • %logger - debug output
  • %data - define parameter
• Mocking
  • Function-based mock
  • Command-based mock
• Support commands
  • Execute the actual command within a mock function
  • Make mock not mandatory in sandbox mode
  • Resolve command incompatibilities
• Tagging
• About testing external commands
• How to test a single file shell script
  • Usingrun script
  • Usingrun source
  • Testing shell functions
    • __SOURCED__
  • Intercepting
    • Intercept
    • test || __() { :; }
    • __
• spec_helper
  • <module>_precheck
    • minimum_version
    • error,warn,info
    • abort
    • setenv,unsetenv
    • environment variables
  • <module>_loaded
  • <module>_configure
    • import
    • before_each,after_each
    • before_all,after_all
• Self-executable specfile
• Use with Docker
• Extension
  • Custom subject, modifier and matcher
• Code Coverage
  • Supported shells
  • Measurement target
  • Coverage report
• For developers
  • Subprojects
    • ShellMetrics - Cyclomatic Complexity Analyzer for shell scripts
    • ShellBench - A benchmark utility for POSIX shell comparison
    • altshfmt - AltSH (alternative shell script) formatter
  • Related projects
    • getoptions - An elegant option parser and generator for shell scripts
    • readlinkf - readlink -f implementation for shell scripts
    • portable-echo - Portable echo shell function for POSIX compliant shells
  • Inspired frameworks
  • Contributions

• bash>=2.03,bosh/pbosh>=2018/10/07,posh>=0.3.14,yash>=2.29,zsh>=3.1.9
• dash>=0.5.4,busybox ash>=1.20.0,busybox-w32,GWSH>=20190627
• ksh88,ksh93>=93s,ksh2020,mksh/lksh>=R28,pdksh>=5.2.14
• FreeBSD sh,NetBSD sh,NetBSD ksh,OpenBSD ksh,loksh,oksh

Tested version details

ShellSpec uses shell built-in commands and only few basicPOSIX-compliant commands tosupport wide range of environments (exceptkcov for optional code coverage).

Currently used external (not shell builtins) commands:

• cat,date,env,ls,mkdir,od (or not POSIXhexdump),rm,sleep,sort,time
• ps (use to auto-detect shells in environments that don't implement procfs)
• ln,mv (use only when generating coverage report)
• kill,printf (most shells except some are built-in)

curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh

or

wget -O- https://git.io/shellspec| sh

NOTE:https://git.io/shellspec is redirected toinstall.sh

The installation using the web installer is mainly intended for development use.For CI, it is recommended to use a specific version (tag) in git or archives to avoid unexpected failures.

curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh -s -- --yes

curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh -s 0.19.1

curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh -s -- --switch

curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh -s 0.18.0 --switch

$curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec| sh -s -- --helpUsage: [sudo] ./install.sh [VERSION] [OPTIONS...]  or : wget -O- https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh  or : wget -O- https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh -s -- [OPTIONS...]  or : wget -O- https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh -s VERSION [OPTIONS...]  or : curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh  or : curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh -s -- [OPTIONS...]  or : curl -fsSL https://git.io/shellspec | [sudo] sh -s VERSION [OPTIONS...]VERSION:  Specify install version and method  e.g    1.0.0           Install 1.0.0 from git    master          Install master from git    1.0.0.tar.gz    Install 1.0.0 from tar.gz archive    .               Install from local directoryOPTIONS:  -p, --prefix PREFIX   Specify prefix                 [default: $HOME/.local]  -b, --bin BIN         Specify bin directory          [default: <PREFIX>/bin]  -d, --dir DIR         Specify installation directory [default: <PREFIX>/lib/shellspec]  -s, --switch          Switch version (requires installation via git)  -l, --list            List available versions (tags)      --pre             Include pre-release      --fetch FETCH     Force command to use when installing from archive (curl or wget)  -y, --yes             Automatic yes to prompts  -h, --help            You're looking at it

#Install the latest stable version$aura -A shellspec

#Install the latest stable version$brew tap shellspec/shellspec$brew install shellspec

#Install from master branch$basher install shellspec/shellspec#To specify a version (example: 0.19.1)$basher install shellspec/shellspec@0.19.1

#Install from master branch$bpkg install shellspec/shellspec#To specify a version (example: 0.19.1)$bpkg install shellspec/shellspec@0.19.1

$cd /SOME/WHERE/TO/INSTALL$git clone https://github.com/shellspec/shellspec.git$ln -s /SOME/WHERE/TO/INSTALL/shellspec/shellspec /EXECUTABLE/PATH/

$cd /SOME/WHERE/TO/INSTALL$wget https://github.com/shellspec/shellspec/archive/{VERSION}.tar.gz$tar xzvf shellspec-{VERSION}.tar.gz$ln -s /SOME/WHERE/TO/INSTALL/shellspec-{VERSION}/shellspec /EXECUTABLE/PATH/

sudo make install

make install PREFIX=$HOME

sudo make uninstall

make uninstall PREFIX=$HOME

$cat<<'HERE'>/EXECUTABLE/PATH/shellspec#!/bin/shexec /SOME/WHERE/TO/INSTALL/shellspec/shellspec "$@"HERE$chmod +x /EXECUTABLE/PATH/shellspec

SeeReleases page if you want to download distribution archive.

Just create your project directory and runshellspec --init to setup your project

#Create your project directory,for example"hello".$mkdir hello$cd hello#Initialize$shellspec --init  create   .shellspec  create   spec/spec_helper.sh#Write your first specfile (of course you can use your favorite editor)$cat<<'HERE'>spec/hello_spec.shDescribe 'hello.sh'  Include lib/hello.sh  It 'says hello'    When call hello ShellSpec    The output should equal 'Hello ShellSpec!'  EndEndHERE#Create lib/hello.sh$mkdir lib$touch lib/hello.sh#It will fail because the hellofunctionis not implemented.$shellspec#Write hello function$cat<<'HERE'>lib/hello.shhello() {  echo "Hello ${1}!"}HERE#It will success!$shellspec

ShellSpec CLI runs specfiles with the shell runningshellspec.Usually it is/bin/sh that is the shebang ofshellspec. If you runbash shellspec, it will be bash.Include files from specfile will be executed in the same shell as well.

The purpose of this specification is to allow ShellSpec to easily change multiple types of shellsand enable the development of cross-platform shell scripts that support multiple shells and environments.

If you want to test with a specific shell, use the-s (--shell) option.You can specify the default shell in the.shellspec file.

NOTE: If you execute ashell script file (not a shell function) from within the specfile,its shebang will be respected. Because in that case, it will be run as an external command.The-s (--shell) option also has no effect.If you are testing a external shell script file, you can useWhen run script orWhen run source.These ignore the shebang of external shell script file and run in the same shell that runs specfile.

NOTE: Since version 0.28.0,getoptions is used to parse options,so all POSIX and GNU compatible option syntax can be used. For example, you can abbreviate a long option.

See more info:ShellSpec CLI

$shellspec -hUsage: shellspec [ -c ] [-C <directory>] [options...] [files or directories...]  Using + instead of - for short options causes reverses the meaning    -s, --shell SHELL               Specify a path of shell [default: "auto" (the shell running shellspec)]        --require MODULE            Require a MODULE (shell script file)    -O, --options PATH              Specify the path to an additional options file    -I, --load-path PATH            Specify PATH to add to $SHELLSPEC_LOAD_PATH (may be used more than once)        --helperdir DIRECTORY       The directory to load helper files (spec_helper.sh, etc) [default: "spec"]        --path PATH                 Set PATH environment variable at startup        --{no-}sandbox              Force the use of the mock instead of the actual command        --sandbox-path PATH         Make PATH the sandbox path instead of empty [default: empty]        --execdir @LOCATION[/DIR]   Specify the execution directory of each specfile | [default: @project]    -e, --env NAME[=VALUE]          Set environment variable        --env-from ENV-SCRIPT       Set environment variable from shell script file    -w, --{no-}warning-as-failure   Treat warning as failure [default: enabled]        --{no-}fail-fast[=COUNT]    Abort the run after first (or COUNT) of failures [default: disabled]        --{no-}fail-no-examples     Fail if no examples found [default: disabled]        --{no-}fail-low-coverage    Fail on low coverage [default: disabled]        --failure-exit-code CODE    Override the exit code used when there are failing specs [default: 101]        --error-exit-code CODE      Override the exit code used when there are fatal errors [default: 102]    -p, --{no-}profile              Enable profiling and list the slowest examples [default: disabled]        --profile-limit N           List the top N slowest examples [default: 10]        --{no-}boost                Increase the CPU frequency to boost up testing speed [default: disabled]        --log-file LOGFILE          Log file for %logger directive and trace [default: "/dev/tty"]        --tmpdir TMPDIR             Specify temporary directory [default: $TMPDIR, $TMP or "/tmp"]        --keep-tmpdir               Do not cleanup temporary directory [default: disabled]  The following options must be specified before other options and cannot be specified in the options file    -c, --chdir                     Change the current directory to the first path of arguments at the start    -C, --directory DIRECTORY       Change the current directory at the start  **** Execution ****    -q, --{no-}quick                Run not-passed examples if it exists, otherwise run all [default: disabled]    -r, --repair, --only-failures   Run failure examples only (Depends on quick mode)    -n, --next-failure              Run failure examples and abort on first failure (Depends on quick mode)    -j, --jobs JOBS                 Number of parallel jobs to run [default: 0 (disabled)]        --random TYPE[:SEED]        Run examples by the specified random type | <[none]> [specfiles] [examples]    -x, --xtrace                    Run examples with trace output of evaluation enabled [default: disabled]    -X, --xtrace-only               Run examples with trace output only enabled [default: disabled]        --dry-run                   Print the formatter output without running any examples [default: disabled]  **** Output ****        --{no-}banner               Show banner if exist "<HELPERDIR>/banner[.md]" [default: enabled]        --reportdir DIRECTORY       Output directory of the report [default: "report"]    -f, --format FORMATTER          Choose a formatter for display | <[p]> [d] [t] [j] [f] [null] [debug]    -o, --output FORMATTER          Choose a generator(s) to generate a report file(s) [default: none]        --{no-}color                Enable or disable color [default: enabled if the output is a TTY]        --skip-message VERBOSITY    Mute skip message | <[verbose]> [moderate] [quiet]        --pending-message VERBOSITY Mute pending message | <[verbose]> [quiet]        --quiet                     Equivalent of --skip-message quiet --pending-message quiet        --(show|hide)-deprecations  Show or hide deprecations details [default: show]  **** Ranges / Filters / Focus ****    You can run selected examples by specified the line numbers or ids      shellspec path/to/a_spec.sh:10   # Run the groups or examples that includes lines 10      shellspec path/to/a_spec.sh:@1-5 # Run the 5th groups/examples defined in the 1st group      shellspec a_spec.sh:10:@1:20:@2  # You can mixing multiple line numbers and ids with join by ":"    -F, --focus                     Run focused groups / examples only    -P, --pattern PATTERN           Load files matching pattern [default: "*_spec.sh"]    -E, --example PATTERN           Run examples whose names include PATTERN    -T, --tag TAG[:VALUE]           Run examples with the specified TAG        --default-path PATH         Set the default path where looks for examples [default: "spec"]    You can specify the path recursively by prefixing it with the pattern "*/" or "**/"      (This is not glob patterns and requires quotes. It is also available with --default-path)      shellspec "*/spec"               # The pattern "*/" matches 1 directory      shellspec "**/spec"              # The pattern "**/" matches 0 and more directories      shellspec "*/*/**/test_spec.sh"  # These patterns can be specified multiple times    -L, --dereference               Dereference all symlinks in in the above pattern [default: disabled]  **** Coverage ****        --covdir DIRECTORY          Output directory of the Coverage Report [default: coverage]        --{no-}kcov                 Enable coverage using kcov [default: disabled]        --kcov-path PATH            Specify kcov path [default: kcov]        --kcov-options OPTIONS      Additional Kcov options (coverage limits, coveralls id, etc)  **** Utility ****        --init [TEMPLATE...]        Initialize your project with ShellSpec | [spec] [git] [hg] [svn]        --gen-bin [@COMMAND...]     Generate test support commands in "<HELPERDIR>/support/bin"        --count                     Count the number of specfiles and examples        --list LIST                 List the specfiles/examples | [specfiles] [examples(:id|:lineno)]        --syntax-check              Syntax check of the specfiles without running any examples        --translate                 Output translated specfile        --task [TASK]               Run the TASK or Show the task list if TASK is not specified        --docker DOCKER-IMAGE       Run tests in specified docker image (EXPERIMENTAL)    -v, --version                   Display the version    -h, --help                      -h: short help, --help: long help

All specfiles for ShellSpec must be under the project directory. The root of the project directorymust have a.shellspec file. This file is that specify the default options to be used inthe project, but an empty file is required even if the project has no options.

NOTE: The.shellspec file was described in the documentation as a required file for some time,but ShellSpec worked without it. Starting with version 0.28.0, this file is checked and will berequired in future versions.

You can easily create the necessary files by executing theshellspec --init command in an existing directory.

This is the typical directory structure. Version 0.28.0 allows many of these to be changed by specifying options, supporting a more flexibledirectory structure.

<PROJECT-ROOT> directory├─ .shellspec                       [mandatory]├─ .shellspec-local                 [optional] Ignore from version control├─ .shellspec-quick.log             [optional] Ignore from version control├─ report/                          [optional] Ignore from version control├─ coverage/                        [optional] Ignore from version control│├─ bin/│   ├─ your_script1.sh│              :├─ lib/│   ├─ your_library1.sh│              :│├─ spec/ (also <HELPERDIR>)│   ├─ spec_helper.sh               [recommended]│   ├─ banner[.md]                  [optional]│   ├─ support/                     [optional]│   ││   ├─ bin/│   │   ├─ your_script1_spec.sh│   │             :│   ├─ lib/│   │   ├─ your_library1_spec.sh

To change the default options for theshellspec command, create options file(s).Files are read in the order shown below, options defined last take precedence.

1. $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/shellspec/options
2. $HOME/.shellspec-options (version >= 0.28.0) or$HOME/.shellspec (deprecated)
3. <PROJECT-ROOT>/.shellspec
4. <PROJECT-ROOT>/.shellspec-local (Do not store in VCS such as git)

Specify your default options with$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/shellspec/options or$HOME/.shellspec-options.Specify default project options with.shellspec and overwrite to your favorites with.shellspec-local.

Specifies the default options to use for the project.

Override the default options used by the project with your favorites.

Used to specify the directory in which the specfile will be run.Seedirectory structure or--execdir option for details.

If this file is present, Quick mode will be enabled and the log of Quick execution will be recorded.It created automatically when--quick option is specified.If you want to turn off Quick mode, delete it.

The output location for reports generated by the--output or--profile options.This can be changed with the--reportdir option.

The output location for coverage reports.This can be changed with the--covdir option.

By default, it is assumed that all specfiles are store under thespec directory,but it is possible to create multiple directories with different names.

NOTE: In Version <= 0.27.x, thespec directory was the only directory that contained the specfiles.

The directory to storespec_helper.sh and other files.By default, thespec directory also serves asHELPERDIR directory,but you can change it to another directory with the--helperdir option.

Thespec_helper.sh is loaded to specfile by the--require spec_helper option.This file is used to define global functions, initial setting for examples, custom matchers, etc.

If the file<HELPERDIR>/banner or<HELPERDIR>/banner.md exists, Display a banner whentheshellspec command is executed. It can be used to display information about the tests.The--no-banner option can be used to disable this behavior.

This directory can be used to store files such as custom matchers and tasks.

This directory is used to storesupport commands.

In ShellSpec, you write your tests in a specfile.By default, specfile is a file ending with_spec.sh under thespec directory.

The specfile is executed using theshellspec command, but it can also be executed directly.Seeself-executable specfile for details.

Describe'lib.sh'# example group  Describe'bc command'add() {echo"$1 +$2"| bc; }    It'performs addition'# example      When call add 2 3# evaluation      The output should eq 5# expectation    End  EndEnd

The best place to learn how to write a specfile is theexamples/spec directory. You should take a look at it!(Those examples include failure examples on purpose.)

ShellSpec has its own DSL to write tests. It may seem like a distinctive code because DSL startswith a capital letter, but the syntax is compatible with shell scripts, and you can embedshell functions and useShellCheck to check the syntax.

You may feel rejected by this DSL, but It starts with a capital letter to avoid confusion withthe command, and it does a lot more than you think, such as realizing scopes, gettingshell-independent line numbers, and workarounds for bugs in some shells.

Since version 0.28.0, the working directory when running a specfile is the project root directory by default.Even if you run a specfile from a subdirectory in the project directory,it is the project root directory.Before 0.27.x, it was the current directory when theshellspec command was executed.

You can change this directory (location) by using the--execdir @LOCATION[/DIR] option.You can choose from the following locations and specify a path relative to the location if necessary.However, you cannot specify a directory outside the project directory.

• @project Where the.shellspec file is located (project root) [default]
• @basedir Where the.shellspec or.shellspec-basedir file is located
• @specfile Where the specfile is located

If@basedir is specified, the parent directory is searched from the directory containing the specfileto be run, and the first directory where.shellspec-basedir or.shellspec is found is used asthe execution directory. This is useful if you want to have a separate directory for eachutility (command) you want to test.

NOTE: You will need to change under the project directory or use the-c (--chdir) or-C (--directory) option before running the specfile.

You can embed shell functions (or shell script code) in the specfile.This shell function can be used for test preparation and complex testing.

Note that the specfile implements scope using subshells.Shell functions defined in the specfile can only be used within blocks (e.g.Describe,It, etc).

If you want to use a global function, you can define it inspec_helper.sh.

The specfile will not be executed directly by the shell, but will be translated into a regularshell script and output to a temporary directory (default:/tmp) before being executed.

The translation process is simple in that it only replaces forward-matched words (DSLs), with a fewexceptions. If you are interested in the translated code, you can see withshellspec --translate.

The specfile contains DSLs, so it cannot be properly formatted by general shell script formatters.If you want to format the specfile, usealtshfmt.

ExampleGroup is a block for grouping example groups or examples.Describe andContext are aliases forExampleGroup.They can be nested, and may contain example groups or examples.

Describe'is example group'  Describe'is nestable'    ...  End  Context'is used to facilitate understanding depending on the context'    ...  EndEnd

The example groups can be optionally tagged. SeeTagging for details.

Describe'is example group' tag1:value1 tag2:value2 ...

Example is a block for writing an evaluation and expectations.It andSpecify are aliases forExample.

An example is composed by up to one evaluation and multiple expectations.

add() {echo"$1 +$2"| bc; }It'performs addition'# example  When call add 2 3# evaluation  The output should eq 5# expectation  The status should be success# another expectationEnd

The examples can be optionally tagged. SeeTagging for details.

It'performs addition' tag1:value1 tag2:value2 ...

Todo is the same as the empty example and is treated as apending example.

Todo'will be used later when we write a test'It'is an empty example, the same as Todo'End

Evaluation executes a shell function or command for verification.Only one evaluation can be defined for each example and also can be omitted.

See more details ofEvaluation

NOTE:About executing aliases

It calls a function without subshell.Practically, it can also run commands.

When call add 1 2# call `add` shell function with two arguments.

It runs a command within subshell. Practically, it can also call a shell function.The command does not have to be a shell script.

NOTE: This does not support coverage measurement.

When run touch /tmp/foo# run `touch` command.

Some commands below are specially handled by ShellSpec.

It runs a command, respecting shebang.It can not call a shell function. The command does not have to be a shell script.

NOTE: This does not support coverage measurement.

When runcommand touch /tmp/foo# run `touch` command.

It runs a shell script, ignoring shebang. The script has to be a shell script.It will be executed in another instance of the same shell as the current shell.

When run script my.sh# run `my.sh` script.

It sources a shell script, ignoring its shebang. The script has to be a shell script.It is similar torun script, but with some differences.Unlikerun script, function-based mocking is available.

When runsource my.sh# source `my.sh` script.

If you want to execute aliases, you need a workaround usingeval.

alias alias-name='echo this is alias'When call alias-name# alias-name: not found# eval is requiredWhen calleval alias-name# When using embedded shell scriptsfoo() {eval alias-name; }When call foo

Expectation begins withThe which does the verification.The basic syntax is as follows:

The output should equal 4

Useshould not for the opposite verification.

The output should not equal 4

The subject is the target of the verification.

The output should equal 4|      +-- subject

There areoutput (stdout),error (stdout),status,variable,path, etc. subjects.

Please refer to theSubjects for more details.

The modifier concretizes the target of the verification (subject).

The line 2 of output should equal 4|      +-- modifier

The modifiers are chainable.

The word 1 of line 2 of output should equal 4

If the modifier argument is a number, you can use an ordinal numeral instead of a number.

The first word of second line of output should equal 4

There areline,word,length,contents,result, etc. modifiers.Theresult modifier is useful for making the result of a user-defined function the subject.

Please refer to theModifiers for more details.

The matcher is the verification.

The output should equal 4|                   +-- matcher

There are many matchers such as string matcher, status matcher, variable matchers and stat matchers.Thesatisfy matcher is useful for verification with user-defined functions.

Please refer to theMatchers for more details.

ShellSpec supportslanguage chains likechai.js.It only improves readability, does not affect the expectation:a,an,as,the.

The following two sentences have the same meaning:

The first word of second line of output should valid numberThe first word of the second line of output should valid as a number

TheAssert is yet another expectation to verify with a user-defined function.It is designed for verification of side effects, not the result of the evaluation.

still_alive() {  ping -c1"$1">/dev/null}Describe"example.com"  It"responses"    Assert still_alive"example.com"  EndEnd

Pending is similar toSkip, but the test passes if the verification fails,and the test fails if the verification succeeds. This is useful if you want tospecify that you will implement something later.

Describe'Pending'  Pending"not implemented"hello() {:; }  It'will success when test fails'    When call hello world    The output should"Hello world"  EndEnd

UseSkip to skip executing the example.

Describe'Skip'  Skip"not exists bc"  It'is always skip'    ...  EndEnd

UseSkip if if you want to skip conditionally.

Describe'Conditional skip'not_exists_bc() {!type bc>/dev/null2>&1; }  Skipif"not exists bc" not_exists_bcadd() {echo"$1 +$2"| bc; }  It'performs addition'    When call add 2 3    The output should eq 5  EndEnd

xDescribe,xContext,xExampleGroup are skipped example group blocks.Execution of examples contained in these blocks is skipped.

Describe'is example group'  xDescribe'is skipped example group'    ...  EndEnd

xIt,xSpecify,xExample are skipped example blocks.Execution of the example is skipped.

xIt'is skipped example'  ...End

fDescribe,fContext,fExampleGroup are focused example group blocks.Only the examples included in these will be executed when the--focus option is specified.

Describe'is example group'  fDescribe'is focus example group'    ...  EndEnd

fIt,fSpecify,fExample are focused example blocks.Only these examples will be executed when the--focus option is specified.

fIt'is focused example'  ...End

UsingPending orSkip without a message is a "temporary pending" or "temporary skip"."x"-prefixed example groups and examples are also treated as temporary skips.

The non-temporaryPending andSkip (with a message) are used when the case will take a long time to resolve.It may be committed to a version control system. Temporary pending and skip are used during current work.We do not recommend committing them to a version control system.

These two types differ in the display of the report. Refer to--skip-message and--pending-message options.

# Temporary pending and skipPendingSkipSkip# this comment will be displayed in the reportTodoxIt  ...End# Non-temporary pending and skipPending"reason"Skip"reason"Skipif"reason" conditionTodo"It will be implemented"

You can specify commands to be executed before / after each example byBeforeEach (Before),AfterEach (After).

NOTE:BeforeEach andAfterEach are supported in version 0.28.0 and later.Previous versions should useBefore andAfter instead.

NOTE:AfterEach is for cleanup and not for assertions.

Describe'example hook'setup() {:; }cleanup() {:; }  BeforeEach'setup'  AfterEach'cleanup'  It'is called before and after each example'    ...  End  It'is called before and after each example'    ...  EndEnd

You can specify commands to be executed before / after all examples byBeforeAll andAfterAll.

Describe'example all hook'setup() {:; }cleanup() {:; }  BeforeAll'setup'  AfterAll'cleanup'  It'is called before/after all example'    ...  End  It'is called before/after all example'    ...  EndEnd

You can specify commands to be executed before / after call evaluation byBeforeCall andAfterCall.

NOTE: These hooks were originally created to test ShellSpec itself.Please use theBeforeEach /AfterEach hooks whenever possible.

Describe'call evaluation hook'setup() {:; }cleanup() {:; }  BeforeCall'setup'  AfterCall'cleanup'  It'is called before/after call evaluation'    When call hello world    ...  EndEnd

You can specify commands to be executed before / after run evaluation(run,run command,run script, andrun source) byBeforeRun andAfterRun.

These hooks are executed in the same subshell as the "run evaluation".Therefore, you can access the variables after executing the evaluation.

NOTE: These hooks were originally created to test ShellSpec itself.Please use theBeforeEach /AfterEach hooks whenever possible.

Describe'run evaluation hook'setup() {:; }cleanup() {:; }  BeforeRun'setup'  AfterRun'cleanup'  It'is called before/after run evaluation'    When run hello world    ...  EndEnd

The hooks may fail in subtle ways if there is output to stderr, even if thereturn code / exit code is0.

Commands likegit checkout routinely write to stderr, even if there was no actualfailure, so be aware that your hooks may fail because of this.

Dump stdout, stderr, and status of the evaluation. It is useful for debugging.

When callecho hello worldDump# stdout, stderr and status

Include a shell script to test.

Describe'lib.sh'  Include lib.sh# hello function defined  Describe'hello()'    It'says hello'      When call hello ShellSpec      The output should equal'Hello ShellSpec!'    End  EndEnd

Set shell options before executing each example.The shell option name is the long name ofset or the name ofshopt:

NOTE: UseSet instead of theset command because theset commandmay not work as expected in some shells.

Describe'Set helper'  Set'errexit:off''noglob:on'  It'sets shell options before executing the example'    When call foo  EndEnd

Path is used to define a short pathname alias.File andDir are aliases forPath.

Describe'Path helper'  Path hosts-file="/etc/hosts"  It'defines short alias for long path'    The path hosts-file should exist  EndEnd

You can use the Data Helper which inputs data from stdin for evaluation.The input data is specified after#| in theData orData:expand block.

Describe'Data helper'  It'provides with Data helper block style'    Data# Use Data:expand instead if you want expand variables.#|item1 123#|item2 456#|item3 789    End    When call awk'{total+=$2} END{print total}'    The output should eq 1368  EndEnd

You can also use a file, function or string as data sources.

See more details ofData

Parameterized tests (akaData-driven testing)are used to run the same test once for each set of parameters.Parameters defines a block of parameters.

Describe'example'  Parameters"#1" 1 2 3"#2" 1 2 3  End  Example"example$1"    When callecho"$(($2+$3))"    The output should eq"$4"  EndEnd

In addition to the defaultParameters block, three additional styles are supported:Parameters:value,Parameters:matrix andParameters:dynamic.

See more details ofParameters

NOTE: You can also combine theParameters andData:expand helpers.

SeeCommand-based mock

SeeIntercept

Directives are instructions that can be used in embedded shell scripts.It is used to solve small problems of shell scripts in testing.

This is like a shell function, but not a shell function.Therefore, the supported grammar is limited and can only be used at thebeginning of a function definition or at the beginning of a line.

foo() { %puts"foo"; }# supportedbar() {  %puts"bar"# supported}baz() {  anycommand; %puts"baz"# not supported}

%const (% is short hand) directive defines a constant value. The characterswhich can be used for variable names are uppercase letters[A-Z], digits[0-9] and underscore_ only. It can not be defined inside an examplegroup nor an example.

The value is evaluated during the specfile translation process.So you can access ShellSpec variables, but you can not access variable orfunction in the specfile.

This feature assumes use with conditional skip. The conditional skip may runoutside of the examples. As a result, sometimes you may need variables definedoutside of the examples.

You can use the%text directive instead of a hard-to-use heredoc withindented code. The input data is specified after#|.

Describe'%text directive'  It'outputs texts'output() {echo"start"# you can write code here      %text#|aaa#|bbb#|cccecho"end"# you can write code here    }result() { %text#|start#|aaa#|bbb#|ccc#|end    }    When call output    The output should eq"$(result)"    The line 3 of output should eq'bbb'  EndEnd

%puts (put string) and%putsn (put string with newline) can be used insteadof (not portable) echo. Unlike echo, it does not interpret escape sequencesregardless of the shell.%- is an alias of%puts,%= is an alias of%putsn.

This is the same asprintf, but it can be used in the sandbox mode because the path has been resolved.

This is the same assleep, but it can be used in the sandbox mode because the path has been resolved.

Use the%preserve directive to preserve the variables in subshells and external shell scripts.

In the following cases,%preserve is required because variables are not preserved.

• When run evaluation - It runs in a subshell.
• Command-based mock (Mock) - It is an external shell script.
• Function-based Mock called by command substitution

Describe'%preserve directive'  It'preserves variables'func() { foo=1; bar=2; baz=3; }preserve() { %preserve bar baz:BAZ; }    AfterRun preserve    When run func    The variable foo should eq 1# This will be failure    The variable bar should eq 2# This will be success    The variable BAZ should eq 3# Preserved to different variable (baz:BAZ)  EndEnd

Output log messages to the log file (default:/dev/tty) for debugging.

SeeParameters:dynamic.

There are two ways to create a mock, (shell) function-based mock and (external) command-based mock.The function-based mock is usually recommended for performance reasons.Both can be overwritten with an internal block and will be restored when the block ends.

The (shell) function-based mock is simply (re)defined with a shell function.

Describe'function-based mock'get_next_day() {echo$(($(date+%s)+86400)); }date() {echo 1546268400  }  It'calls the date function'    When call get_next_day    The stdout should eq 1546354800  EndEnd

The (external) command-based mock creates a temporary mock shell script and runs as an external command.This is slow, but there are some advantages over the function-based mock.

• Can be use invalid characters as the shell function name.
  • e.g.docker-compose (- cannot be used as a function name in POSIX)
• Can be invoke a mocked command from an external command (not limited to shell script).

A command-based mock creates an external shell script with the contents of aMock block,so there are some restrictions.

• It is not possible to mock shell functions or shell built-in functions.
• It is not possible to call shell functions outside theMock block.
  • Exception: Can be called exported (export -f) functions. (bash only)
• To reference variables outside theMock block, they must be exported.
• To return a variable from a Mock block, you need to use the%preserve directive.

Describe'command-based mock'get_next_day() {echo$(($(date+%s)+86400)); }  Mock dateecho 1546268400  End  It'runs the mocked date command'    When call get_next_day    The stdout should eq 1546354800  EndEnd

NOTE: To achieve this feature, a directory for mock commands is included at the beginning of thePATH.

Support commands are helper commands that can be used in the specfile.For example, it can be used in a mock function to execute the actual command.It is recommended that the support command name be the actual command name prefixed with@.

Describe"Support commands example"touch() {    @touch"$@"# @touch executes actual touch commandecho"$1 was touched"  }  It"touch a file"    When run touch"file"    The output should eq"file was touched"    The file"file" should exist  EndEnd

Support commands are generated in thespec/support/bin directory by the--gen-bin option.For example runshellspec --gen-bin @touch to generate the@touch command.

This is the main purpose, but support commands are just shell scripts, so they canalso be used for other purposes. You can freely edit the support command script.

The sandbox mode forces the use of mocks. However, you may not want to require mocks for some commands.For example,printf is a built-in command in many shells and does not require a mock in the sandbox mode for these shells. Butthere are shells where it is an external command and then it requires to be mocked.

To allowprintf to be called without mocking in certain cases,create a support command namedprintf (shellspec --gen-bin printf).

Some commands have different options between BSD and GNU.If you handle the difference in the specfile, the test will be hard to read.You can solve it with the support command.

#!/bin/sh -e# Command name: @sed."$SHELLSPEC_SUPPORT_BIN"case$OSTYPEin*darwin*) invoke gsed"$@" ;;*) invoke sed"$@" ;;esac

The example groups or examples can be tagged, and the--tag option can be used to filter the examples to be run.The tag name and tag value are separated by:, and the tag value is optional. You can use any character if quoted.

Describe"Checking something" someTag:someVal  It"does foo" tagA:val1    ...  It"does bar" tagA:val2    ...  It"does baz" tagA    ...End

1. Everything nested inside a selected element is selected in parent elements. e.g.--tag someTag will select everything above.
2. Specifying a tag but no value selects everything with that tag whether or not it has a value, e.g.--tag tagA will select everything above.
3. Specifying multiple tags will select the union of everything tagged, e.g.--tag tagA:val1,tagA:val2 will selectdoes foo anddoes bar.
4. Tests included multiple times are not a problem, e.g.--tag someTag,tagA,tagA:val1 just selects everything.
5. If no tag matches, nothing will be run, e.g.--tag tagA: runs nothing (it does not match baz above, as empty values are not the same as no value).
6. The --tag option can be used multiple times, e.g.--tag tagA:val1 --tag tagA:val2 works the same as--tag tagA:val1,tagA:val2

ShellSpec is a testing framework for shell scripts, but it can be used to test anything that can be executed as an external command, even if it is written in another language. Even shell scripts can be tested as external commands.

If you are testing a shell script as an external command, please note the following.

• It will be executed in the shell specified by the shebang not the shell running the specfile.
• The coverage of the shell script will not be measured.
• Cannot refer to variables inside the shell script.
• Shell built-in commands cannot be mocked.
• Functions defined inside the shell script cannot be mocked.
• Only command-based mock can be used (if the script is calling an external command).
• Interceptor is not available.

To get around these limitations, userun script orrun source. SeeHow to test a single file shell script.

If the shell script consists of a single file, unit testing becomes difficult.However, there are many such shell scripts.

ShellSpec has the ability to testing in such cases with only few modifications to the shell script.

Unlike the case of executing as anexternal command, it has the following features.

• It will run in the same shell (but another process) that is running specfile.
• The coverage of the shell script will be measured.

There are limitations as follows.

• Cannot refer to variables inside the shell script.
• Shell built-in commands cannot be mocked.
• Functions defined inside the shell script cannot be mocked.
• Only command-based mock can be used (if the script is calling an external command).
• Interceptor is not available.

It is even less limitations thanrun script and has the following features.

• It will run in the same shell and same process that is running specfile.
• The coverage of the shell script will be measured.
• Can be refer to variables inside the shell script.
• Function-based mock and command-based mock are available.
• Interceptor is available.
• Shell built-in commands can be mocked.
• Functions defined inside the shell script can be mocked using interceptor.

However, since it is simulated using the. command, there are some differences in behavior.For example, the value of$0 is different.

NOTE: Mocking of shell built-in commands can be done beforerun source. However, if you are usinginterceptor, mocking of thetest command must be done in the__<name>__ function.

This is the way to test shell functions defined in a shell script.

Loading a script withInclude defines a__SOURCED__ variable available in the sourced script.If the variable__SOURCED__ is defined, please return from the shell script.

#!/bin/sh# hello.shhello() {echo"Hello$1"; }# This is the writing style presented by ShellSpec, which is short but unfamiliar.# Note that it returns the current exit status (could be non-zero).${__SOURCED__:+return}# The above means the same as below.# ${__SOURCED__:+x} && return $?# If you don't like the coding style, you can use the general writing style.# if [ "${__SOURCED__:+x}" ]; then#   return 0# fihello"$1"

Describe"hello.sh"  Include"./hello.sh"  Describe"hello()"    It"says hello"      When call hello world      The output should eq"Hello world"    End  EndEnd

Interceptor is a feature that allows you to intercept your shell script in the middle of its execution.This makes it possible to mock functions that cannot be mocked in advance at arbitrary timing,and to make assertions by retrieving the state of during script execution.

It is a powerful feature, but avoid using it as possible, because it requires you to modify your codeand may reduce readability. Normally, it is not a good idea to modify the code just for testing,but in some cases, there is no choice but to use this.

#!/bin/sh# ./today.sh# When run directly without testing, the "__()" function does nothing.test||__() {:; }# the "now()" function is defined here, so it can't be mocked in advance.now() { date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"; }# The function you want to testtoday() {  now=$(now)echo"${now%*}"}# I want to mock the "now()" function here.__ begin __today=$(today)echo"Today is$today"__ end __

Describe"today.sh"  Intercept begin__begin__() {now() {echo"2021-01-01 01:02:03"; }  }__end__() {# The "run source" is run in a subshell, so you need to use "%preserve"# to preserve variables    %preserve today  }  It"gets today's date"    When runsource ./today.sh    The output should eq"Today is 2021-01-01"    The variable today should eq"2021-01-01"  EndEnd

Usage:Intercept [<name>...]

Specify the name(s) to intercept.

NOTE: I will changeIntercept toInterceptors to make it a declarative DSL.

Define the__ function that does nothing except when run as a test (via ShellSpec).This allows you to run it as a production without changing the code.

Thetest command is the shell built-intest command. This command returns false (non-zero)when called with no arguments. This will allow who are not familiar with ShellSpec to willunderstand what the result will be, even if they don't know what the code is for.Of course, it is good practice to comment on what the code is for

When run via ShellSpec, thetest command is redefined and returns true "only once" when calledwith no arguments. After that, it will return to its original behavior. This means that this codeneeds to be executed only once, at the start of the shell script.

Usage:__ <name> [arguments...] __

This is where the process is intercepted. You can define more than one.If the name matches the name specified inIntercept, the__<name>__ function will be called.

Note that if the name is not specified inIntercept, nothing will be done,but the exit status will be changed to 0.

Thespec_helper can be used to set shell options for all specfiles,define global functions,check the execution shell, load custom matchers, etc.

Thespec_helper is the default module name. It can be changed to any other name, and multiplemodules can be used. Only characters accepted by POSIX as identifiers can be used in module names.The file name of the module must be the module name with the extension.sh appended.It is loaded fromSHELLSPEC_LOAD_PATH using the--require option.

The following is a typicalspec_helper. The following three callback functions are available.

# Filename: spec/spec_helper.shset -euspec_helper_precheck() {  minimum_version"0.28.0"if ["$SHELL_TYPE"!="bash" ];then    abort"Only bash is supported."fi}spec_helper_loaded() {:# In most cases, you won't use it.}spec_helper_configure() {  import'support/custom_matcher'  before_each"global_before_each_hook"}# User-defined global functionglobal_before_each_hook() {:}# In version <= 0.27.x, only shellspec_spec_helper_configure was available.# This callback function is still supported but deprecated in the future.# Please rename it to spec_helper_configure.# shellspec_spec_helper_configure() {#  :# }

Thespec_helper will be loaded at least twice. The first time is at precheck phase,which is executed in a separate process before the specfile execution.The second time will be load at the beginning of the specfile execution.If you are using parallel execution, it will be loaded every specfile.

Within each callback function, there are several helper functions available. These functions arenot available outside of the callback function. Also, these callback functions will be removedautomatically whenspec_helper is finished loading. (User-defined functions will not be removed.)

This callback function will be invoked only once before loading specfiles.Exit withexit orabort, orreturn non-zero to exit without executing specfiles.Inside this function,set -eu is executed, so an explicit return on error is not necessary.

Since it is invoked in a separate process from specfiles, changes made inthis function will not be affected in specfiles.

• Usage:minimum_version <version>

Specifies the minimum version of ShellSpec that the specfile supports. The version format issemantic version. Pre-release versions have a lower precedence thanthe associated normal version, but comparison between pre-release versions is not supported.The build metadata will simply be ignored.

NOTE: Since<module>_precheck is only available in 0.28.0 or later,it can be executed with earlier ShellSpecs even if minimum_version is specified.To avoid this, you can implement a workaround using--env-from.

# spec/env.sh# Add `--env-from spec/env.sh` to `.shellspec`major_minor=${SHELLSPEC_VERSION%".${SHELLSPEC_VERSION#*.*.}"}if ["${major_minor%.*}"-eq 0 ]&& ["${major_minor#*.}"-lt 28 ];thenecho"ShellSpec version 0.28.0 or higher is required.">&2exit 1fi

• Usage:error [messages...]
• Usage:warn [messages...]
• Usage:info [messages...]

Outputs a message according to the type. You can also useecho orprintf.

• Usage:abort [messages...]
• Usage:abort <exit status> [messages...]

Display an error message andexit. If the exit status is omitted, it is1.You can also exit with exit.exit 0 will exit normally without executing the specfiles.

• Usage:setenv [name=value...]
• Usage:unset [name...]

You can usesetenv orunsetenv to pass or remove environment variables from precheck to specfiles.

The following environment variables are defined.

• VERSION - ShellSpec Version
• SHELL_TYPE - Currently running shell type (e.g.bash)
• SHELL_VERSION - Currently running shell version (e.g.4.4.20(1)-release)

NOTE: Be careful not to confuseSHELL_TYPE with the environment variableSHELL.The environment variableSHELL is the user login shell, not the currently running shell.It is a variable set by the system, and which unrelated to ShellSpec.

It is called after loading the shellspec's general internal functions,but before loading the core modules (subject, modifier, matcher, etc).If parallel execution is enabled, it may be called multiple times in isolated processes.Internal functions starting withshellspec_ can also be used, but be aware that they may change.

This was created to performworkarounds for specific shells in order totest ShellSpec itself. Other than that, I have not come up with a case where this isabsolutely necessary, but if you have one, please let me know.

This callback function will be called after core modules (subject, modifier, matcher, etc) has been loaded.If parallel execution is enabled, it may be called multiple times in isolated processes.Internal functions starting withshellspec_ can also be used, but be aware that they may change.It can be used to set global hooks, load custom matchers, etc., and override core module functions.

• Usage:import <module> [arguments...]

Import a custom module fromSHELLSPEC_LOAD_PATH.

• Usage:before_each [hooks...]
• Usage:after_each [hooks...]

Register hooks to be executed before and after every example.It is the same as executingBeforeEach/AfterEach at the top of all specfiles.

• Usage:before_all [hooks...]
• Usage:after_all [hooks...]

Register hooks to be executed before and after all example.It is the same as executingBeforeAll/AfterAll at the top of all specfiles.

NOTE: This is a hook that is called before and after each specfile, not before and after all specfiles.

Addeval "$(shellspec - -c) exit 1" to the top of the specfile and give execute permissionto the specfile. You can use/bin/sh,/usr/bin/env bash, etc. for shebang.The specfile will be run in the shell written in shebang.

#!/bin/sheval"$(shellspec - -c) exit 1"# Use the following if version <= 0.27.x# eval "$(shellspec -)"Describe"bc command"bc() {echo"$@"|command bc; }  It"performs addition"    When call bc"2+3"    The output should eq 5  EndEnd

The-c option is available since 0.28.0, and you can also pass other options.If you run the specfile directly,--pattern will be automatically set to*.These options will be ignored if run viashellspec command.

The use ofshellspec as shebang is deprecated because it is not portable.

#!/usr/bin/env shellspec -cLinux does not allow passing options#!/usr/bin/env -S shellspec -cThe-S option requires GNU Core Utilities8.30 (2018-07-01) or later.

You can run ShellSpec without installation using Docker. ShellSpec andspecfiles run in a Docker container.

SeeHow to use ShellSpec with Docker.

You can create custom subject, custom modifier and custom matcher.

Seeexamples/spec/support/custom_matcher.sh for custom matcher.

NOTE: If you want to verify using shell function, you can useresult modifier orsatisfy matcher. You don't need to create a custom matcher, etc.

ShellSpec has integrated coverage feature. To use this featureKcov (v38 or later) is required.

Supported only inbash,zsh, andksh, whereDEBUG trap is implemented.However, we recommend latestbash for the following reasons.

• bash (older versions): There seems to be some code that cannot be measured correctly.
• zsh: There seems to be some code that cannot be measured correctly, and the measurement rate will be the lowest.
• ksh: ksh93u+ and ksh2020 may have side effects on exit status when DEBUG trap is enabled due to a bug.This bug has beenfixed inksh93u+m.These are also prone to instability, especially with ksh2020 (which has been abandoned).

In any shell, some code may not be measured correctly (e.g., code containingeval or newline).These are limitations and problems caused by shells and Kcov.

ShellSpec measures only the necessary codes to improve the measurement speed.Also, there are some things that cannot be measured due to implementation.

• The shell scripts loaded byInclude will be measured.
• The shell functions called by theWhen evaluation will be measured.
• The shell scripts executed by theWhen run script evaluation will be measured.
• The shell scripts executed by theWhen run source evaluation will be measured.
• The external commands executed by theWhen evaluation will NOT be measured.
  • Even if it is a shell script, it is not measured when it is executed as an external command.
• If other than the above, it will not be measured.

By default only shell scripts whose names contain.sh are coverage targeted.If you want to include other files, you need to adjust options with--kcov-options.

# Default kcov (coverage) options--kcov-options"--include-path=. --path-strip-level=1"--kcov-options"--include-pattern=.sh"--kcov-options"--exclude-pattern=/.shellspec,/spec/,/coverage/,/report/"# Example: Include script "myprog" with no extension--kcov-options"--include-pattern=.sh,myprog"# Example: Only specified files/directories--kcov-options"--include-pattern=myprog,/lib/"

[Coverage report][coverage] andcobertura.xml andsonarqube.xml files are generated under the coverage directory by Kcov.You can easily integrate withCoveralls,Code Climate,Codecov, etc.

URL:https://github.com/shellspec/shellmetrics

URL:https://github.com/shellspec/shellbench

URL:https://github.com/shellspec/altshfmt

URL:https://github.com/ko1nksm/getoptions

URL:https://github.com/ko1nksm/readlinkf

URL:https://github.com/ko1nksm/portable-echo.sh

• RSpec - Behaviour Driven Development for Ruby
• Jest - Delightful JavaScript Testing
• Mocha - the fun, simple, flexible JavaScript test framework
• Jasmine - Behavior-Driven JavaScript
• Ginkgo - A Golang BDD Testing Framework
• JUnit 5 - The programmer-friendly testing framework for Java

All contributions are welcome!

ShellSpec uses a peculiar coding style to assure high performance,reliability and portability, and the external commands allowed to use are greatly restricted.

We recommend that you create WIP PR early or offer suggestions in discussions to avoid ruining your work.

SeeCONTRIBUTING.md

Author: Koichi Nakashima (ko1nksm)