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Ruby/Git is a Ruby library that can be used to create, read and manipulate Git repositories by wrapping system calls to the git binary.
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ruby-git/ruby-git
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The Git Gem provides an API that can be used to create, read, and manipulateGit repositories by wrapping system calls to thegit
binary. The API can beused for working with Git in complex interactions including branching andmerging, object inspection and manipulation, history, patch generation andmore.
The project source code is at:
http://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git
Detailed documentation can be found at:
https://rubydoc.info/gems/git/Git.html
Get started by obtaining a repository object by:
- opening an existing working copy withGit.open
- initializing a new repository withGit.init
- cloning a repository withGit.clone
Methods that can be called on a repository object are documented inGit::Base
You can install Ruby/Git like this:
sudo gem install git
Git::Base - The object returned from aGit.open
orGit.clone
. Most major actions are called from this object.
Git::Object - The base object for your tree, blob and commit objects, returned from@git.gtree
or@git.object
calls. theGit::AbstractObject
will have most of the calls in common for all those objects.
Git::Diff - returns from a@git.diff
command. It is an Enumerable that returnsGit::Diff:DiffFile
objects from which you can get per file patches and insertion/deletion statistics. You can also get total statistics from the Git::Diff object directly.
Git::Status - returns from a@git.status
command. It is an Enumerable that returnsGit:Status::StatusFile
objects for each object in git, which includes files in the workingdirectory, in the index and in the repository. Similar to running 'git status' on the command line to determine untracked and changed files.
Git::Branches - Enumerable object that holdsGit::Branch objects
. You can call .local or .remote on it to filter to just your local or remote branches.
Git::Remote- A reference to a remote repository that is tracked by this repository.
Git::Log - An Enumerable object that references all theGit::Object::Commit
objects that encompass your log query, which can be constructed through methods on theGit::Log object
,like:
@git.log(20).object("some_file").since("2 weeks ago").between('v2.6', 'v2.7').each { |commit| [block] }
Pass the--all
option togit log
as follows:
@git.log.all.each { |commit| [block] }
Git::Worktrees - Enumerable object that holdsGit::Worktree objects
.
Here are a bunch of examples of how to use the Ruby/Git package.
Ruby < 1.9 will require rubygems to be loaded.
require'rubygems'
Require the 'git' gem.
require'git'
Git env config
Git.configuredo |config|# If you want to use a custom git binaryconfig.binary_path='/git/bin/path'# If you need to use a custom SSH scriptconfig.git_ssh='/path/to/ssh/script'end
NOTE: Another way to specify where is thegit
binary is through the environment variableGIT_PATH
Here are the operations that need read permission only.
g=Git.open(working_dir,:log=>Logger.new(STDOUT))g.indexg.index.readable?g.index.writable?g.repog.dir# log - returns a Git::Log object, which is an Enumerator of Git::Commit objects# default configuration returns a max of 30 commitsg.logg.log(200)# 200 most recent commitsg.log.since('2 weeks ago')# default count of commits since 2 weeks ago.g.log(200).since('2 weeks ago')# commits since 2 weeks ago, limited to 200.g.log.between('v2.5','v2.6')g.log.each{|l|putsl.sha}g.gblob('v2.5:Makefile').log.since('2 weeks ago')g.object('HEAD^').to_s# git show / git rev-parseg.object('HEAD^').contentsg.object('v2.5:Makefile').sizeg.object('v2.5:Makefile').shag.gtree(treeish)g.gblob(treeish)g.gcommit(treeish)commit=g.gcommit('1cc8667014381')commit.gtreecommit.parent.shacommit.parents.sizecommit.author.namecommit.author.emailcommit.author.date.strftime("%m-%d-%y")commit.committer.namecommit.date.strftime("%m-%d-%y")commit.messagetree=g.gtree("HEAD^{tree}")tree.blobstree.subtreestree.children# blobs and subtreesg.revparse('v2.5:Makefile')g.branches# returns Git::Branch objectsg.branches.localg.current_branchg.branches.remoteg.branches[:master].gcommitg.branches['origin/master'].gcommitg.grep('hello')# implies HEADg.blob('v2.5:Makefile').grep('hello')g.tag('v2.5').grep('hello','docs/')g.describe()g.describe('0djf2aa')g.describe('HEAD',{:all=>true,:tags=>true})g.diff(commit1,commit2).sizeg.diff(commit1,commit2).statsg.diff(commit1,commit2).name_statusg.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').insertionsg.diff('gitsearch1','v2.5').path('lib/')g.diff('gitsearch1',@git.gtree('v2.5'))g.diff('gitsearch1','v2.5').path('docs/').patchg.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').patchg.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').eachdo |file_diff|putsfile_diff.pathputsfile_diff.patchputsfile_diff.blob(:src).contentsendg.worktrees# returns Git::Worktree objectsg.worktrees.countg.worktrees.eachdo |worktree|worktree.dirworktree.gcommitworktree.to_sendg.config('user.name')# returns 'Scott Chacon'g.config# returns whole config hash# Configuration can be set when cloning using the :config option.# This option can be an single configuration String or an Array# if multiple config items need to be set.#g=Git.clone(git_uri,destination_path,:config=>['core.sshCommand=ssh -i /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa','submodule.recurse=true'])g.tags# returns array of Git::Tag objectsg.show()g.show('HEAD')g.show('v2.8','README.md')Git.ls_remote('https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git.git')# returns a hash containing the available references of the repo.Git.ls_remote('/path/to/local/repo')Git.ls_remote()# same as Git.ls_remote('.')Git.default_branch('https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git')#=> 'master'
And here are the operations that will need to write to your git repository.
g=Git.initGit.init('project')Git.init('/home/schacon/proj',{:repository=>'/opt/git/proj.git',:index=>'/tmp/index'})# Clone from a git urlgit_url='https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git.git'# Clone into the ruby-git directoryg=Git.clone(git_url)# Clone into /tmp/clone/ruby-git-cleanname='ruby-git-clean'path='/tmp/clone'g=Git.clone(git_url,name,:path=>path)g.dir#=> /tmp/clone/ruby-git-cleang.config('user.name','Scott Chacon')g.config('user.email','email@email.com')# Clone can take a filter to tell the serve to send a partial cloneg=Git.clone(git_url,name,:path=>path,:filter=>'tree:0')# Clone can take an optional loggerlogger=Logger.newg=Git.clone(git_url,NAME,:log=>logger)g.add# git add -- "."g.add(:all=>true)# git add --all -- "."g.add('file_path')# git add -- "file_path"g.add(['file_path_1','file_path_2'])# git add -- "file_path_1" "file_path_2"g.remove()# git rm -f -- "."g.remove('file.txt')# git rm -f -- "file.txt"g.remove(['file.txt','file2.txt'])# git rm -f -- "file.txt" "file2.txt"g.remove('file.txt',:recursive=>true)# git rm -f -r -- "file.txt"g.remove('file.txt',:cached=>true)# git rm -f --cached -- "file.txt"g.commit('message')g.commit_all('message')# Sign a commit using the gpg key configured in the user.signingkey config settingg.config('user.signingkey','0A46826A')g.commit('message',gpg_sign:true)# Sign a commit using a specified gpg keykey_id='0A46826A'g.commit('message',gpg_sign:key_id)# Skip signing a commit (overriding any global gpgsign setting)g.commit('message',no_gpg_sign:true)g=Git.clone(repo,'myrepo')g.chdirdonew_file('test-file','blahblahblah')g.status.changed.eachdo |file|putsfile.blob(:index).contentsendendg.reset# defaults to HEADg.reset_hard(Git::Commit)g.branch('new_branch')# creates new or fetches existingg.branch('new_branch').checkoutg.branch('new_branch').deleteg.branch('existing_branch').checkoutg.branch('master').contains?('existing_branch')# delete remote branchg.push('origin','remote_branch_name',force:true,delete:true)g.checkout('new_branch')g.checkout('new_branch',new_branch:true,start_point:'master')g.checkout(g.branch('new_branch'))g.branch(name).merge(branch2)g.branch(branch2).merge# merges HEAD with branch2g.branch(name).in_branch(message){# add files } # auto-commitsg.merge('new_branch')g.merge('new_branch','merge commit message',no_ff:true)g.merge('origin/remote_branch')g.merge(g.branch('master'))g.merge([branch1,branch2])g.merge_base('branch1','branch2')r=g.add_remote(name,uri)# Git::Remoter=g.add_remote(name,Git::Base)# Git::Remoteg.remotes# array of Git::Remotesg.remote(name).fetchg.remote(name).removeg.remote(name).mergeg.remote(name).merge(branch)g.fetchg.fetch(g.remotes.first)g.fetch('origin',{:ref=>'some/ref/head'})g.fetch(all:true,force:true,depth:2)g.fetch('origin',{:'update-head-ok'=>true})g.pullg.pull(Git::Repo,Git::Branch)# fetch and a mergeg.add_tag('tag_name')# returns Git::Tagg.add_tag('tag_name','object_reference')g.add_tag('tag_name','object_reference',{:options=>'here'})g.add_tag('tag_name',{:options=>'here'})Options::a |:annotate:d:f:m |:message:sg.delete_tag('tag_name')g.repackg.pushg.push(g.remote('name'))# delete remote branchg.push('origin','remote_branch_name',force:true,delete:true)# push all branches to remote at one timeg.push('origin',all:true)g.worktree('/tmp/new_worktree').addg.worktree('/tmp/new_worktree','branch1').addg.worktree('/tmp/new_worktree').removeg.worktrees.prune
Some examples of more low-level index and tree operations
g.with_temp_indexdog.read_tree(tree3)# calls self.index.read_treeg.read_tree(tree1,:prefix=>'hi/')c=g.commit_tree('message')# or #t=g.write_treec=g.commit_tree(t,:message=>'message',:parents=>[sha1,sha2])g.branch('branch_name').update_ref(c)g.update_ref(branch,c)g.with_temp_workingdo# new blank working directoryg.checkoutg.checkout(another_index)g.commit# commits to temp_indexendendg.set_index('/path/to/index')g.with_index(path)do# calls set_index, then switches back afterendg.with_working(dir)do# calls set_working, then switches back afterendg.with_temp_working(dir)dog.checkout_index(:prefix=>dir,:path_limiter=>path)# do file workg.commit# commits to indexend
licensed under MIT License Copyright (c) 2008 Scott Chacon. See LICENSE for further details.
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Ruby/Git is a Ruby library that can be used to create, read and manipulate Git repositories by wrapping system calls to the git binary.
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