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This repository contains the BNF (Backus-Naur Form) grammars for three versions of standard SQL — SQL-92, SQL-99 and SQL-2003.

You should be able to find a version of this site with 'active HTML' at:

• https://ronsavage.github.io/SQL/

It may not be the most recent release, but the technical content is mostly valid.The download link is not functional — you can obtain the material for the latestrelease fromhttps://github.com/ronsavage/SQL/releases/latest.

** !! Syntax Rules

Regarding the text '!! See the Syntax Rules': That is literally what it says in the PDFcontaining the standard.

For an extract of the standard about these rules see the file 'Syntax.rules.txt'.

This project is still in transition to GitHub.The links in this README.md file lead to the pages in the GitHub source tree.Most of them will display the HTML source — not a rendered HTML image.There probably are ways around that; we're learning GitHub as we go.

For a long time, this material was hosted by Ron Savage athttp://savage.net.au/SQL — many thanks, Ron! —but that site now points to here.

At the moment, the suggested method of operation is:

• Clone this repository to your machine — e.g. into the/home/somebody/SQL directory
• Point your browser tofile:///home/somebody/SQL/index.html.

This should give you full HTML access to the material.Alternatively, you can download the latest release of this material(instead of cloning the repo), and then extract that into a directoryand point your browser to theindex.html file in that directory.

Yes: it is sub-optimal.Yes: we'll fix it when we know how to fix it.

The filesql-92.bnf.html is a heavily hyperlinked HTMLversion of the BNF grammar for SQL-92 (ISO/IEC 9075:1992 - Database Language -SQL).

The plain text filesql-92.bnf, from which it wasautomatically converted, is more useful (read legible) for readingwithout a browser.

The filesql-99.bnf.html is a heavily hyperlinked HTMLversion of the BNF grammar for SQL-99 (ISO/IEC 9075-2:1999 - DatabaseLanguages - SQL - Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation)).

The plain text filesql-99.bnf, from which it wasautomatically converted, is more useful (read legible) for readingwithout a browser.

The filesql-2003-2.bnf.html is a heavily hyperlinked HTMLversion of the BNF grammar for SQL-2003 (ISO/IEC 9075-2:2003 - DatabaseLanguages - SQL - Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation)).

The plain text filesql-2003-2.bnf, from which it wasautomatically converted, is more useful (read legible) for readingwithout a browser.

There is a separate filesql-2003-1.bnf.html forthe information from ISO/IEC 9075-1:2003 - Database Languages - SQL - Part1: Framework (SQL/Framework).

It was automatically converted from the plain text filesql-2003-1.bnf,which is more useful (read legible) for reading without a browser.

Also available:

The fileouter-joins.html is an explanation of thenon-standard Informix OUTER join syntax and semantics.

The plain text was converted to HTML by the Perl scriptbnf2html which you may use if you wish.Thebnf2html script also uses the C programWEBCODE version 1.09which you can download as agzipped tar file.

See alsobnf2yacc, an experimentalscript to convert BNF into an outline Yacc grammar.The generated grammar typically includes some unacceptable tokens, suchas%token 0, that should be handled by the lexical analyzerrather than the grammar.The SQL standard includes such rules as grammar rules; consequently, you won'tget a clean Yacc grammar from the SQL BNF files.

(The Perl scripts should normally be renamed after downloading.)

You should be able to get the downloadable version of the latest release of thisrepository from the releases area:

• https://github.com/ronsavage/SQL/releases/latest

ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32 Publishes Updated SQL Database Language Standard — SQL 2016.

Last modified:13th March 2017