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The Python programming language

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python-doc-ja/cpython-doc-intl

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This is Python version 3.7.0 alpha 1====================================Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011,2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Python Software Foundation.  All rightsreserved.Python 3.x is a new version of the language, which is incompatible with the2.x line of releases.  The language is mostly the same, but many details,especially how built-in objects like dictionaries and strings work,have changed considerably, and a lot of deprecated features have finallybeen removed.Build Instructions------------------On Unix, Linux, BSD, OSX, and Cygwin:    ./configure    make    make test    sudo make installThis will install Python as python3.You can pass many options to the configure script; run "./configure --help" tofind out more.  On OSX and Cygwin, the executable is called python.exe;elsewhere it's just python.On Mac OS X, if you have configured Python with --enable-framework, you shoulduse "make frameworkinstall" to do the installation.  Note that this installs thePython executable in a place that is not normally on your PATH, you may want toset up a symlink in /usr/local/bin.On Windows, see PCbuild/readme.txt.If you wish, you can create a subdirectory and invoke configure from there.For example:    mkdir debug    cd debug    ../configure --with-pydebug    make    make test(This will fail if you *also* built at the top-level directory.You should do a "make clean" at the toplevel first.)To get an optimized build of Python, "configure --enable-optimizations" beforeyou run make.  This sets the default make targets up to enable Profile GuidedOptimization (PGO) and may be used to auto-enable Link Time Optimization (LTO)on some platforms.  For more details, see the sections bellow.Profile Guided Optimization---------------------------PGO takes advantage of recent versions of the GCC or Clang compilers.If ran, "make profile-opt" will do several steps.First, the entire Python directory is cleaned of temporary files thatmay have resulted in a previous compilation.Then, an instrumented version of the interpreter is built, using suitablecompiler flags for each flavour. Note that this is just an intermediarystep and the binary resulted after this step is not good for real lifeworkloads, as it has profiling instructions embedded inside.After this instrumented version of the interpreter is built, the Makefilewill automatically run a training workload. This is necessary in order toprofile the interpreter execution. Note also that any output, both stdoutand stderr, that may appear at this step is suppressed.Finally, the last step is to rebuild the interpreter, using the informationcollected in the previous one. The end result will be a Python binarythat is optimized and suitable for distribution or production installation.Link Time Optimization----------------------Enabled via configure's --with-lto flag.  LTO takes advantages of recentcompiler toolchains ability to optimize across the otherwise arbitrary .o fileboundary when building final executables or shared libraries for additionalperformance gains.What's New----------We have a comprehensive overview of the changes in the "What's New inPython 3.7" document, found athttps://docs.python.org/3.7/whatsnew/3.7.htmlFor a more detailed change log, read Misc/NEWS (though this file, too,is incomplete, and also doesn't list anything merged in from the 2.7release under development).If you want to install multiple versions of Python see the section belowentitled "Installing multiple versions".Documentation-------------Documentation for Python 3.7 is online, updated daily:https://docs.python.org/3.7/It can also be downloaded in many formats for faster access.  The documentationis downloadable in HTML, PDF, and reStructuredText formats; the latter versionis primarily for documentation authors, translators, and people with specialformatting requirements.If you would like to contribute to the development of Python, relevantdocumentation is available at:https://docs.python.org/devguide/For information about building Python's documentation, refer to Doc/README.txt.Converting From Python 2.x to 3.x---------------------------------Python starting with 2.6 contains features to help locating code that needs tobe changed, such as optional warnings when deprecated features are used, andbackported versions of certain key Python 3.x features.A source-to-source translation tool, "2to3", can take care of the mundane taskof converting large amounts of source code.  It is not a complete solution butis complemented by the deprecation warnings in 2.6.  Seehttps://docs.python.org/3.7/library/2to3.html for more information.Testing-------To test the interpreter, type "make test" in the top-level directory.The test set produces some output.  You can generally ignore the messagesabout skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported.If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core dumpis produced, something is wrong.By default, tests are prevented from overusing resources like disk space andmemory.  To enable these tests, run "make testall".IMPORTANT: If the tests fail and you decide to mail a bug report, *don't*include the output of "make test".  It is useless.  Run the failing testmanually, as follows:        ./python -m test -v test_whatever(substituting the top of the source tree for '.' if you built in a differentdirectory).  This runs the test in verbose mode.Installing multiple versions----------------------------On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Pythonusing the same installation prefix (--prefix argument to the configure script)you must take care that your primary python executable is not overwritten by theinstallation of a different version.  All files and directories installed using"make altinstall" contain the major and minor version and can thus liveside-by-side.  "make install" also creates ${prefix}/bin/python3 which refers to${prefix}/bin/pythonX.Y.  If you intend to install multiple versions using thesame prefix you must decide which version (if any) is your "primary" version.Install that version using "make install".  Install all other versions using"make altinstall".For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.6, and 3.7 with 3.7 being theprimary version, you would execute "make install" in your 3.7 build directoryand "make altinstall" in the others.Issue Tracker and Mailing List------------------------------We're soliciting bug reports about all aspects of the language.  Fixes are alsowelcome, preferably in unified diff format.  Please use the issue tracker:https://bugs.python.org/If you're not sure whether you're dealing with a bug or a feature, use themailing list:    python-dev@python.orgTo subscribe to the list, use the mailman form:https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-dev/Proposals for enhancement-------------------------If you have a proposal to change Python, you may want to send an email to thecomp.lang.python or python-ideas mailing lists for initial feedback.  A PythonEnhancement Proposal (PEP) may be submitted if your idea gains ground.  Allcurrent PEPs, as well as guidelines for submitting a new PEP, are listed athttps://www.python.org/dev/peps/.Release Schedule----------------See PEP 494 for release details:https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0494/Copyright and License Information---------------------------------Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011,2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Python Software Foundation.  All rights reserved.Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com.  All rights reserved.Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.  Allrights reserved.Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.  All rights reserved.See the file "LICENSE" for information on the history of this software,terms & conditions for usage, and a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.This Python distribution contains *no* GNU General Public License (GPL) code,so it may be used in proprietary projects.  There are interfaces to some GNUcode but these are entirely optional.All trademarks referenced herein are property of their respective holders.

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