Rule E-EurAsia1996max-OctlastSun 0:000-

Rule RussiaAsia19811984-Apr1 0:001:00S

Rule RussiaAsia19811983-Oct1 0:000-

Rule RussiaAsia19841991-SeplastSun 2:00s0-

Rule RussiaAsia19851991-MarlastSun 2:00s1:00S

Rule RussiaAsia1992only-MarlastSat23:001:00S

Rule RussiaAsia1992only-SeplastSat23:000-

Rule RussiaAsia1993max-MarlastSun 2:00s1:00S

Rule RussiaAsia19931995-SeplastSun 2:00s0-

Rule RussiaAsia1996max-OctlastSun 2:00s0-

Rule RussiaAsia19841995-SeplastSun 2:00s0-

Rule RussiaAsia19852011-MarlastSun 2:00s1:00S

Rule RussiaAsia19962011-OctlastSun 2:00s0-

# Afghanistan

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

3:001:00YERST1991 Sep 23 # independence

3:00 RussiaAsiaAM%sT1995 Sep 24 2:00s

4:00-AMT1997

4:00 RussiaAsiaAM%sT2012Mar 25 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsiaAM%sT2012Feb 9

4:00-AMT

# Azerbaijan

# Kazakhstan

# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):

# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan

# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)

# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.

# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time

# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses

# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.

# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.

# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:

#

# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.

# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.

# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.

# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin No. 11

# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21):

# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing

# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones

# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.

# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27) ([*] means see later comments below):

# Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/

# produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan:

#

# 0. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR

# from 1991-02-04 No. 20

# http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102010545

# removed the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of the USSR

# starting with the last Sunday of March 1991.

# It also allowed (but not mandated) Kazakh SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Tajik SSR,

# Turkmen SSR and Uzbek SSR to not have "summer" time.

#

# The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers

# of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet

# of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its

# text.

#

# According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20

# (page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via

# http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564) on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during

# transition to "summer" time:

# Republic of Georgia, Latvian SSR, Lithuanian SSR, SSR Moldova,

# Estonian SSR; Komi ASSR; Kaliningrad oblast; Nenets autonomous okrug

# were to move clocks 1 hour forward.

# Kazakh SSR (excluding Uralsk oblast); Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Tajik

# SSR; Andijan, Jizzakh, Namangan, Sirdarya, Tashkent, Fergana oblasts

# of the Uzbek SSR were to move clocks 1 hour backwards.

# Other territories were to not move clocks.

# When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be

# moved 1 hour backwards on the territory of the USSR excluding

# Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tajikistan.

#

# Apparently there were last minute changes. Apparently Kazakh act No. 170

# was one of such changes.

#

# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Декретное время

# claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that

# Nenets autonomous okrug, Komi and Kazakhstan (excluding Uralsk oblast)

# were to not move clocks and Uralsk oblast was to move clocks

# forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards.

# (Probably there were changes even after that publication. There is an

# article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not

# move clocks.)

#

# This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while

# the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06

# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Kzyl-Orda oblast moved into the fifth

# time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ...

#

# 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 1992-01-13 No. 28

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000028_

# (text includes modification from the 1996 act)

# introduced new rules for calculation of time, mirroring Russian

# 1992-01-08 act. It specified that time would be calculated

# according to time belts plus extra hour ("decree time"), moved clocks

# on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at

# 2:00, specified DST rules. It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was

# located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the

# border between them to be located east of Kustanay and Aktyubinsk

# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Kzyl-Orda oblasts into the fifth

# time belt).

#

# This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for

# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyrau and Kustanay oblasts; from

# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk) [*]....

#

# 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 1992-03-27 No. 284

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_

# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Kzyl-Orda oblasts

# since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth

# and the fifth time belts respectively.

#

# 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 1994-09-23 No. 384

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_

# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangystau

# oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on

# the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a

# result)....

#

# 4. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 1996-05-08 No. 575

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P960000575_

# amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead

# of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act.

#

# 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 1999-03-26 No. 305

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_

# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyrau oblast since the

# last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth

# time belt.

#

# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.

#

# There is no zone for Atyrau currently (listed under Asia/Aqtau in

# zone1970.tab).[*]

#

# 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 2000-11-23 No. 1749

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000

# replaces the previous five documents.

#

# The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the

# fourth and the fifth time belts. They account for changes in spelling

# and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997

# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Kostanay oblast

# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Kyzylorda oblast

# from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the

# fourth time belt (no change in practice).[*]

#

# 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 2003-12-29 No. 1342

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P030001342_

# modified the 2000-11-23 act. No relevant changes, apparently.

#

# 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 2004-07-20 No. 775

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004

# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Kostanay and Kyzylorda oblasts into

# the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not

# using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time

# zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07). The changes were to be implemented

# during DST transitions in 2004 and 2005 but the acts got radically

# amended before implementation happened.

#

# 9. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 2004-09-15 No. 1059

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_

# modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time"

# (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the

# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyrau, West Kazakhstan,

# Kostanay, Kyzylorda and Mangystau oblasts by not moving clocks

# during the 2014 transition to "winter" time.

#

# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyrau oblast (no

# zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to

# +06/+07 for Kostanay oblast (Kostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently)

# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00....[*]

#

# 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

# from 2005-03-15 No. 231

# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P050000231_

# removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the

# (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15

# acts, comes into effect 10 days after official publication.

# The only practical effect seems to be the abolition of the summer

# time.

#

# Unamended version of the act of the Government of the Russian Federation

# No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details].

# Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27

# act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992.

# From Paul Eggert (2016-04-15):

# The tables below should reflect Stepan Golosunov's remarks above,

# except for the items marked "[*]" which I haven't gotten to yet.

# It looks like we will need new zones Asia/Atyrau and Asia/Qostanay

# to handle changes from 1992 through 2004 that we did not previously

# know about.

#

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

#

# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan

# This includes KZ-AKM, KZ-ALA, KZ-ALM, KZ-AST, KZ-BAY, KZ-VOS, KZ-ZHA,

# KZ-KAR, KZ-SEV, KZ-PAV, and KZ-YUZ.

ZoneAsia/Almaty5:07:48 -LMT1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata

5:00-ALMT1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time

6:00 RussiaAsiaALM%sT1991

6:00-ALMT1992

6:00 RussiaAsiaALM%sT2005 Mar 15

6:00-ALMT

# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)

5:00-+051930 Jun 21

6:00 RussiaAsia+06/+071991 Mar 31 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061992 Jan 19 2:00s

6:00 RussiaAsia+06/+072004 Oct 31 2:00s

6:00-+06

# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY)

ZoneAsia/Qyzylorda4:21:52 -LMT1924 May 2

4:00-KIZT1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time

5:00-KIZT1981 Apr 1

5:001:00KIZST1981 Oct 1

6:00-KIZT1982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsiaKIZ%sT1991

5:00-KIZT1991 Dec 16 # independence

5:00-QYZT1992 Jan 19 2:00

6:00 RussiaAsiaQYZ%sT2005 Mar 15

6:00-QYZT

# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk)

4:00-+041930 Jun 21

5:00-+051981 Apr 1

5:001:00+061981 Oct 1

6:00-+061982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061991 Mar 31 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+051991 Sep 29 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061992 Jan 19 2:00s

6:00 RussiaAsia+06/+071992 Mar 29 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+062004 Oct 31 2:00s

6:00-+06

# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT)

ZoneAsia/Aqtobe3:48:40-LMT1924 May 2

4:00-AKTT1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time

5:00-AKTT1981 Apr 1

5:001:00AKTST1981 Oct 1

6:00-AKTT1982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsiaAKT%sT1991

5:00-AKTT1991 Dec 16 # independence

5:00 RussiaAsiaAQT%sT2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time

5:00-AQTT

# Mangghystau

4:00-+041930 Jun 21

5:00-+051981 Apr 1

5:001:00+061981 Oct 1

6:00-+061982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061991 Mar 31 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+051992 Jan 19 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+062004 Oct 31 2:00s

5:00-+05

# Qostanay (KZ-KUS)

# Mangghystau (KZ-MAN)

# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,

# so include time stamps before 1963.

ZoneAsia/Aqtau3:21:04-LMT1924 May 2

4:00-FORT1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T

5:00-FORT1963

5:00-SHET1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time

6:00-SHET1982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsiaSHE%sT1991

5:00-SHET1991 Dec 16 # independence

5:00 RussiaAsiaAQT%sT1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time

4:00 RussiaAsiaAQT%sT2005 Mar 15

5:00-AQTT

# West Kazakhstan

4:00-+041930 Jun 21

5:00-+051963

5:00-+051981 Oct 1

6:00-+061982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061991 Mar 31 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+051992 Jan 19 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061994 Sep 25 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+052004 Oct 31 2:00s

5:00-+05

# West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP)

# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):

# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).

ZoneAsia/Oral3:25:24-LMT1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk

4:00-URAT1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time

5:00-URAT1981 Apr 1

5:001:00URAST1981 Oct 1

6:00-URAT1982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsiaURA%sT1989 Mar 26 2:00

4:00 RussiaAsiaURA%sT1991

4:00-URAT1991 Dec 16 # independence

4:00 RussiaAsiaORA%sT2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time

5:00-ORAT

4:00-+041930 Jun 21

5:00-+051981 Apr 1

5:001:00+061981 Oct 1

6:00-+061982 Apr 1

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061989 Mar 26 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+051992 Jan 19 2:00s

5:00 RussiaAsia+05/+061992 Mar 29 2:00s

4:00 RussiaAsia+04/+052004 Oct 31 2:00s

5:00-+05

# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)

# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.