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Commit3cb5d65

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Support column-level privileges, as required by SQL standard.
Stephen Frost, with help from KaiGai Kohei and others
1 parentbf136cf commit3cb5d65

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‎doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml

Lines changed: 22 additions & 1 deletion
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
1-
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml,v 2.190 2009/01/2217:27:54 petere Exp $ -->
1+
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml,v 2.191 2009/01/2220:15:59 tgl Exp $ -->
22
<!--
33
Documentation of the system catalogs, directed toward PostgreSQL developers
44
-->
@@ -1028,6 +1028,16 @@
10281028
</entry>
10291029
</row>
10301030

1031+
<row>
1032+
<entry><structfield>attacl</structfield></entry>
1033+
<entry><type>aclitem[]</type></entry>
1034+
<entry></entry>
1035+
<entry>
1036+
Column-level access privileges, if any have been granted specifically
1037+
on this column
1038+
</entry>
1039+
</row>
1040+
10311041
</tbody>
10321042
</tgroup>
10331043
</table>
@@ -4250,6 +4260,17 @@
42504260
<entry>The OID of the specific dependent object</entry>
42514261
</row>
42524262

4263+
<row>
4264+
<entry><structfield>objsubid</structfield></entry>
4265+
<entry><type>int4</type></entry>
4266+
<entry></entry>
4267+
<entry>
4268+
For a table column, this is the column number (the
4269+
<structfield>objid</> and <structfield>classid</> refer to the
4270+
table itself). For all other object types, this column is zero
4271+
</entry>
4272+
</row>
4273+
42534274
<row>
42544275
<entry><structfield>refclassid</structfield></entry>
42554276
<entry><type>oid</type></entry>

‎doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml

Lines changed: 50 additions & 36 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
11
<!--
2-
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml,v 1.73 2008/12/19 16:25:16 petere Exp $
2+
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/grant.sgml,v 1.74 2009/01/22 20:15:59 tgl Exp $
33
PostgreSQL documentation
44
-->
55

@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
2626
ON [ TABLE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">tablename</replaceable> [, ...]
2727
TO { [ GROUP ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">rolename</replaceable> | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
2828

29+
GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">column</replaceable> [, ...] )
30+
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">column</replaceable> [, ...] ) }
31+
ON [ TABLE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">tablename</replaceable> [, ...]
32+
TO { [ GROUP ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">rolename</replaceable> | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
33+
2934
GRANT { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
3035
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
3136
ON SEQUENCE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">sequencename</replaceable> [, ...]
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
6873

6974
<para>
7075
The <command>GRANT</command> command has two basic variants: one
71-
that grants privileges on a database object (table, view, sequence,
76+
that grants privileges on a database object (table,column,view, sequence,
7277
database, foreign-data wrapper, foreign server, function,
7378
procedural language, schema, or tablespace), and one that grants
7479
membership in a role. These variants are similar in many ways, but
@@ -125,7 +130,8 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
125130
<para>
126131
Depending on the type of object, the initial default privileges might
127132
include granting some privileges to <literal>PUBLIC</literal>.
128-
The default is no public access for tables, schemas, and tablespaces;
133+
The default is no public access for tables, columns, schemas, and
134+
tablespaces;
129135
<literal>CONNECT</> privilege and <literal>TEMP</> table creation privilege
130136
for databases;
131137
<literal>EXECUTE</> privilege for functions; and
@@ -145,7 +151,8 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
145151
<listitem>
146152
<para>
147153
Allows <xref linkend="sql-select" endterm="sql-select-title"> from
148-
any column of the specified table, view, or sequence.
154+
any column, or the specific columns listed, of the specified table,
155+
view, or sequence.
149156
Also allows the use of
150157
<xref linkend="sql-copy" endterm="sql-copy-title"> TO.
151158
This privilege is also needed to reference existing column values in
@@ -162,7 +169,9 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
162169
<listitem>
163170
<para>
164171
Allows <xref linkend="sql-insert" endterm="sql-insert-title"> of a new
165-
row into the specified table.
172+
row into the specified table. If specific columns are listed,
173+
only those columns may be assigned to in the <command>INSERT</>
174+
command (other columns will therefore receive default values).
166175
Also allows <xref linkend="sql-copy" endterm="sql-copy-title"> FROM.
167176
</para>
168177
</listitem>
@@ -173,14 +182,14 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
173182
<listitem>
174183
<para>
175184
Allows <xref linkend="sql-update" endterm="sql-update-title"> of any
176-
column of the specified table.
185+
column, or the specific columns listed, of the specified table.
177186
(In practice, any nontrivial <command>UPDATE</> command will require
178187
<literal>SELECT</> privilege as well, since it must reference table
179188
columns to determine which rows to update, and/or to compute new
180189
values for columns.)
181190
<literal>SELECT ... FOR UPDATE</literal>
182191
and <literal>SELECT ... FOR SHARE</literal>
183-
also require this privilege, in addition to the
192+
also require this privilege on at least one column, in addition to the
184193
<literal>SELECT</literal> privilege. For sequences, this
185194
privilege allows the use of the <function>nextval</function> and
186195
<function>setval</function> functions.
@@ -217,7 +226,8 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
217226
<para>
218227
To create a foreign key constraint, it is
219228
necessary to have this privilege on both the referencing and
220-
referenced tables.
229+
referenced columns. The privilege may be granted for all columns
230+
of a table, or just specific columns.
221231
</para>
222232
</listitem>
223233
</varlistentry>
@@ -373,6 +383,14 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
373383
to revoke access privileges.
374384
</para>
375385

386+
<para>
387+
A user may perform <command>SELECT</>, <command>INSERT</>, etc. on a
388+
column if he holds that privilege for either the specific column or
389+
its whole table. Granting the privilege at the table level and then
390+
revoking it for one column will not do what you might wish: the
391+
table-level grant is unaffected by a column-level operation.
392+
</para>
393+
376394
<para>
377395
When a non-owner of an object attempts to <command>GRANT</> privileges
378396
on the object, the command will fail outright if the user has no
@@ -428,33 +446,27 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
428446
</para>
429447

430448
<para>
431-
Granting permission on a table does not automatically extend
432-
permissions to any sequences used by the table, including
433-
sequences tied to <type>SERIAL</> columns. Permissions on
434-
sequence must be set separately.
449+
Granting permission on a table does not automatically extend
450+
permissions to any sequences used by the table, including
451+
sequences tied to <type>SERIAL</> columns. Permissions on
452+
sequences must be set separately.
435453
</para>
436454

437455
<para>
438-
Currently, <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> does not support
439-
granting or revoking privileges for individual columns of a table.
440-
One possible workaround is to create a view having just the desired
441-
columns and then grant privileges to that view.
442-
</para>
443-
444-
<para>
445-
Use <xref linkend="app-psql">'s <command>\z</command> command
446-
to obtain information about existing privileges, for example:
456+
Use <xref linkend="app-psql">'s <command>\dp</command> command
457+
to obtain information about existing privileges for tables and
458+
columns. For example:
447459
<programlisting>
448-
=&gt; \z mytable
449-
Access privileges
450-
Schema | Name | Type | Access privileges
451-
--------+---------+-------+-----------------------
452-
public | mytable | table | miriam=arwdDxt/miriam
453-
: =r/miriam
454-
: admin=arw/miriam
460+
=&gt; \dp mytable
461+
Access privileges
462+
Schema | Name | Type |Access privileges | Column access privileges
463+
--------+---------+-------+-----------------------+--------------------------
464+
public | mytable | table | miriam=arwdDxt/miriam | col1:
465+
: =r/miriam : miriam_rw=rw/miriam
466+
: admin=arw/miriam
455467
(1 row)
456468
</programlisting>
457-
The entries shown by <command>\z</command> are interpreted thus:
469+
The entries shown by <command>\dp</command> are interpreted thus:
458470
<programlisting>
459471
rolename=xxxx -- privileges granted to a role
460472
=xxxx -- privileges granted to PUBLIC
@@ -471,7 +483,7 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
471483
C -- CREATE
472484
c -- CONNECT
473485
T -- TEMPORARY
474-
arwdDxt -- ALL PRIVILEGES (for tables)
486+
arwdDxt -- ALL PRIVILEGES (for tables, varies for other objects)
475487
* -- grant option for preceding privilege
476488

477489
/yyyy -- role that granted this privilege
@@ -483,9 +495,15 @@ GRANT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">role</replaceable> [, ...] TO <replaceable
483495
<programlisting>
484496
GRANT SELECT ON mytable TO PUBLIC;
485497
GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT ON mytable TO admin;
498+
GRANT SELECT (col1), UPDATE (col1) ON mytable TO miriam_rw;
486499
</programlisting>
487500
</para>
488501

502+
<para>
503+
For non-table objects there are other <command>\d</> commands
504+
that can display their privileges.
505+
</para>
506+
489507
<para>
490508
If the <quote>Access privileges</> column is empty for a given object,
491509
it means the object has default privileges (that is, its privileges column
@@ -495,7 +513,8 @@ GRANT SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT ON mytable TO admin;
495513
<command>REVOKE</> on an object
496514
will instantiate the default privileges (producing, for example,
497515
<literal>{miriam=arwdDxt/miriam}</>) and then modify them per the
498-
specified request.
516+
specified request. Entries are shown in <quote>Column access
517+
privileges</> only for columns with nondefault privileges.
499518
</para>
500519

501520
<para>
@@ -562,11 +581,6 @@ GRANT admins TO joe;
562581
<quote>_SYSTEM</>, the owner cannot revoke these rights.
563582
</para>
564583

565-
<para>
566-
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> does not support the SQL-standard
567-
functionality of setting privileges for individual columns.
568-
</para>
569-
570584
<para>
571585
The SQL standard provides for a <literal>USAGE</literal> privilege
572586
on other kinds of objects: character sets, collations,

‎doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml

Lines changed: 8 additions & 5 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
11
<!--
2-
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml,v 1.37 2008/11/14 10:22:47 petere Exp $
2+
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml,v 1.38 2009/01/22 20:15:59 tgl Exp $
33
PostgreSQL documentation
44
-->
55

@@ -69,11 +69,14 @@ INSERT INTO <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable
6969

7070
<para>
7171
You must have <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on a table in
72-
order to insert into it, and <literal>SELECT</> privilege on it to
73-
use <literal>RETURNING</>. If you use the <replaceable
72+
order to insert into it. If a column list is specified, you only
73+
need <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on the listed columns.
74+
Use of the <literal>RETURNING</> clause requires <literal>SELECT</>
75+
privilege on all columns mentioned in <literal>RETURNING</>.
76+
If you use the <replaceable
7477
class="PARAMETER">query</replaceable> clause to insert rows from a
75-
query, youalso need to have <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on
76-
any table used in the query.
78+
query, youof course need to have <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on
79+
any tableor columnused in the query.
7780
</para>
7881
</refsect1>
7982

‎doc/src/sgml/ref/revoke.sgml

Lines changed: 18 additions & 4 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
11
<!--
2-
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/revoke.sgml,v 1.50 2008/12/19 16:25:16 petere Exp $
2+
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/revoke.sgml,v 1.51 2009/01/22 20:15:59 tgl Exp $
33
PostgreSQL documentation
44
-->
55

@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
2828
FROM { [ GROUP ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">rolename</replaceable> | PUBLIC } [, ...]
2929
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
3030

31+
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
32+
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">column</replaceable> [, ...] )
33+
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( <replaceable class="PARAMETER">column</replaceable> [, ...] ) }
34+
ON [ TABLE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">tablename</replaceable> [, ...]
35+
FROM { [ GROUP ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">rolename</replaceable> | PUBLIC } [, ...]
36+
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
37+
3138
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
3239
{ { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
3340
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
@@ -131,6 +138,11 @@ REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
131138
was also granted through other users.
132139
</para>
133140

141+
<para>
142+
When revoking privileges on a table, the corresponding column privileges
143+
(if any) are automatically revoked on each column of the table, as well.
144+
</para>
145+
134146
<para>
135147
When revoking membership in a role, <literal>GRANT OPTION</> is instead
136148
called <literal>ADMIN OPTION</>, but the behavior is similar.
@@ -143,9 +155,11 @@ REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
143155
<title>Notes</title>
144156

145157
<para>
146-
Use <xref linkend="app-psql">'s <command>\z</command> command to
147-
display the privileges granted on existing objects. See <xref
148-
linkend="sql-grant" endterm="sql-grant-title"> for information about the format.
158+
Use <xref linkend="app-psql">'s <command>\dp</command> command to
159+
display the privileges granted on existing tables and columns. See <xref
160+
linkend="sql-grant" endterm="sql-grant-title"> for information about the
161+
format. For non-table objects there are other <command>\d</> commands
162+
that can display their privileges.
149163
</para>
150164

151165
<para>

‎doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml

Lines changed: 6 additions & 5 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
11
<!--
2-
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml,v 1.117 2009/01/12 14:06:20 petere Exp $
2+
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml,v 1.118 2009/01/22 20:15:59 tgl Exp $
33
PostgreSQL documentation
44
-->
55

@@ -186,10 +186,11 @@ TABLE { [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] |
186186
</para>
187187

188188
<para>
189-
You must have <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on a table to
190-
read its values. The use of <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal> or
191-
<literal>FOR SHARE</literal> requires
192-
<literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege as well.
189+
You must have <literal>SELECT</literal> privilege on each column used
190+
in a <command>SELECT</> command. The use of <literal>FOR UPDATE</literal>
191+
or <literal>FOR SHARE</literal> requires
192+
<literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege as well (for at least one column
193+
of each table so selected).
193194
</para>
194195
</refsect1>
195196

‎doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml

Lines changed: 5 additions & 4 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
11
<!--
2-
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml,v 1.48 2008/11/16 17:34:28 tgl Exp $
2+
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml,v 1.49 2009/01/22 20:16:00 tgl Exp $
33
PostgreSQL documentation
44
-->
55

@@ -66,9 +66,10 @@ UPDATE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable> [ [ AS ] <rep
6666
</para>
6767

6868
<para>
69-
You must have the <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege on the table
70-
to update it, as well as the <literal>SELECT</literal>
71-
privilege to any table whose values are read in the
69+
You must have the <literal>UPDATE</literal> privilege on the table,
70+
or at least on the column(s) that are listed to be updated.
71+
You must also have the <literal>SELECT</literal>
72+
privilege on any column whose values are read in the
7273
<replaceable class="parameter">expressions</replaceable> or
7374
<replaceable class="parameter">condition</replaceable>.
7475
</para>

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