<term><acronym>GIN</acronym></term>

<listitem>

<para>

<link linkend="GIN">Generalized Inverted Index</link>

<link linkend="gin">Generalized Inverted Index</link>

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<term><acronym>GiST</acronym></term>

<listitem>

<para>

<link linkend="GiST">Generalized Search Tree</link>

<link linkend="gist">Generalized Search Tree</link>

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<term><acronym>SP-GiST</acronym></term>

<listitem>

<para>

<link linkend="SPGiST">Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree</link>

<link linkend="spgist">Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree</link>

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<title>Author</title>

<para>

This chapter originated as part of

<xref linkend="SIM98">, Stefan Simkovics'

<xref linkend="sim98">, Stefan Simkovics'

Master's Thesis prepared at Vienna University of Technology under the direction

of O.Univ.Prof.Dr. Georg Gottlob and Univ.Ass. Mag. Katrin Seyr.

</para>

<bibliodiv>

<title><acronym>SQL</acronym> Reference Books</title>

<biblioentry id="BOWMAN01">

<biblioentry id="bowman01">

<title>The Practical <acronym>SQL</acronym> Handbook</title>

<subtitle>Using SQL Variants</subtitle>

<edition>Fourth Edition</edition>

<pubdate>2001</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="DATE97">

<biblioentry id="date97">

<title>A Guide to the <acronym>SQL</acronym> Standard</title>

<subtitle>A user's guide to the standard database language <acronym>SQL</acronym></subtitle>

<edition>Fourth Edition</edition>

<pubdate>1997</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="DATE04">

<biblioentry id="date04">

<title>An Introduction to Database Systems</title>

<edition>Eighth Edition</edition>

<authorgroup>

<pubdate>2003</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="ELMA04">

<biblioentry id="elma04">

<title>Fundamentals of Database Systems</title>

<edition>Fourth Edition</edition>

<authorgroup>

<pubdate>2003</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="MELT93">

<biblioentry id="melt93">

<title>Understanding the New <acronym>SQL</acronym></title>

<subtitle>A complete guide</subtitle>

<authorgroup>

<pubdate>1993</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="ULL88">

<biblioentry id="ull88">

<title>Principles of Database and Knowledge</title>

<subtitle>Base Systems</subtitle>

<authorgroup>

<bibliodiv>

<title>PostgreSQL-specific Documentation</title>

<biblioentry id="SIM98">

<biblioentry id="sim98">

<title>Enhancement of the ANSI SQL Implementation of PostgreSQL</title>

<authorgroup>

<author>

<pubdate>November 29, 1998</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="YU95">

<biblioentry id="yu95">

<title>The <productname>Postgres95</productname> User Manual</title>

<authorgroup>

<author>

<pubdate>Sept. 5, 1995</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="FONG">

<biblioentry id="fong">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/UCB-MS-zfong.pdf">The

design and implementation of the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> query

optimizer</ulink></title>

<bibliodiv>

<title>Proceedings and Articles</title>

<biblioentry id="OLSON93">

<biblioentry id="olson93">

<title>Partial indexing in POSTGRES: research project</title>

<authorgroup>

<author>

<pubdate>1993</pubdate>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="ONG90">

<biblioentry id="ong90">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title>A Unified Framework for Version Modeling Using Production Rules in a Database System</title>

<authorgroup>

</biblioset>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="ROWE87">

<biblioentry id="rowe87">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-13.pdf">The <productname>POSTGRES</productname>

data model</ulink></title>

</confgroup>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="SESHADRI95">

<biblioentry id="seshadri95">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/seshadri95generalized.html">Generalized

Partial Indexes</ulink></title>

<pagenums>420-7</pagenums>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON86">

<biblioentry id="ston86">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M85-95.pdf">The

design of <productname>POSTGRES</productname></ulink></title>

</confgroup>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON87a">

<biblioentry id="ston87a">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title>The design of the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> rules system</title>

<authorgroup>

</confgroup>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON87b">

<biblioentry id="ston87b">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M87-06.pdf">The

design of the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> storage

</confgroup>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON89">

<biblioentry id="ston89">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-82.pdf">A

commentary on the <productname>POSTGRES</productname> rules

</biblioset>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON89b">

<biblioentry id="ston89b">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M89-17.pdf">The

case for partial indexes</ulink></title>

</biblioset>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON90a">

<biblioentry id="ston90a">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-34.pdf">The

implementation of <productname>POSTGRES</productname></ulink></title>

</biblioset>

</biblioentry>

<biblioentry id="STON90b">

<biblioentry id="ston90b">

<biblioset relation="article">

<title><ulink url="http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ERL-M90-36.pdf">On

Rules, Procedures, Caching and Views in Database Systems</ulink></title>

<!-- doc/src/sgml/brin.sgml -->

<chapter id="BRIN">

<chapter id="brin">

<title>BRIN Indexes</title>

<indexterm>

In addition to the typical B-tree search operators, <filename>btree_gist</filename>

also provides index support for <literal>&lt;&gt;</literal> (<quote>not

equals</quote>). This may be useful in combination with an

<link linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE-EXCLUDE">exclusion constraint</link>,

<link linkend="sql-createtable-exclude">exclusion constraint</link>,

as described below.

</para>

</programlisting>

<para>

Use an <link linkend="SQL-CREATETABLE-EXCLUDE">exclusion

Use an <link linkend="sql-createtable-exclude">exclusion

constraint</link> to enforce the rule that a cage at a zoo

can contain only one kind of animal:

</para>

<filename>postgresql.auto.conf</filename><indexterm><primary>postgresql.auto.conf</primary></indexterm>,

which has the same format as <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> but should

never be edited manually. This file holds settings provided through

the <xref linkend="SQL-ALTERSYSTEM"> command. This file is automatically

the <xref linkend="sql-altersystem"> command. This file is automatically

read whenever <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> is, and its settings take

effect in the same way. Settings in <filename>postgresql.auto.conf</filename>

override those in <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>.

<para>

<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> provides three SQL

commands to establish configuration defaults.

The already-mentioned <xref linkend="SQL-ALTERSYSTEM"> command

The already-mentioned <xref linkend="sql-altersystem"> command

provides a SQL-accessible means of changing global defaults; it is

functionally equivalent to editing <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>.

In addition, there are two commands that allow setting of defaults

<itemizedlist>

<listitem>

<para>

The <xref linkend="SQL-SHOW"> command allows inspection of the

The <xref linkend="sql-show"> command allows inspection of the

current value of all parameters. The corresponding function is

<function>current_setting(setting_name text)</function>.

</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para>

The <xref linkend="SQL-SET"> command allows modification of the

The <xref linkend="sql-set"> command allows modification of the

current value of those parameters that can be set locally to a

session; it has no effect on other sessions.

The corresponding function is

<listitem>

<para>

Using <xref linkend="SQL-UPDATE"> on this view, specifically

Using <xref linkend="sql-update"> on this view, specifically

updating the <structname>setting</structname> column, is the equivalent

of issuing <command>SET</command> commands. For example, the equivalent of

<programlisting>

<para>

For more information on row security policies,

see <xref linkend="SQL-CREATEPOLICY">.

see <xref linkend="sql-createpolicy">.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

This variable specifies one or more shared libraries that are to be

preloaded at connection start.

It contains a comma-separated list of library names, where each name

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="SQL-LOAD"> command.

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="sql-load"> command.

Whitespace between entries is ignored; surround a library name with

double quotes if you need to include whitespace or commas in the name.

The parameter value only takes effect at the start of the connection.

This variable specifies one or more shared libraries that are to be

preloaded at connection start.

It contains a comma-separated list of library names, where each name

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="SQL-LOAD"> command.

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="sql-load"> command.

Whitespace between entries is ignored; surround a library name with

double quotes if you need to include whitespace or commas in the name.

The parameter value only takes effect at the start of the connection.

This variable specifies one or more shared libraries to be preloaded at

server start.

It contains a comma-separated list of library names, where each name

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="SQL-LOAD"> command.

is interpreted as for the <xref linkend="sql-load"> command.

Whitespace between entries is ignored; surround a library name with

double quotes if you need to include whitespace or commas in the name.

This parameter can only be set at server start. If a specified