# <pre>

# @(#)africa8.26

# @(#)africa8.28

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine

# (at least today).

# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20):

# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has

# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during

# Ramadan.

#

# Arabic translation:

# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again"

# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again">

# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again

# </a>

# or

# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html">

# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html

# </a>

RuleEgypt2008only-AuglastThu23:00s0-

RuleEgypt2009only-Aug2023:00s0-

RuleEgypt2010only-Aug110:000-

RuleEgypt2010only-Sep100:001:00S

RuleEgypt2010max-SeplastThu23:00s0-

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

# @(#)asia8.60

# @(#)asia8.61

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to

# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."

# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):

# According to several sources, including

# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795">

# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795

# </a>

# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in

# Gaza and the West Bank.

# Some more background info:

# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html">

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html

# </a>

# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

Rule EgyptAsia1957only-May100:001:00S

Rule Palestine2009only-MarlastFri0:001:00S

Rule Palestine2010max-MarlastSat0:011:00S

Rule Palestine2009max-SepFri>=12:000-

Rule Palestine2010only-Aug110:000-

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

ZoneAsia/Gaza2:17:52-LMT1900 Oct

# <pre>

# @(#)australasia8.17

# @(#)australasia8.18

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# Micronesia

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Truk10:07:08 -LMT1901

10:00-TRUT#Truk Time

Zone Pacific/Ponape10:32:52 -LMT1901# Kolonia

11:00-PONT#Ponape Time

Zone Pacific/Chuuk10:07:08 -LMT1901

10:00-CHUT#Chuuk Time

Zone Pacific/Pohnpei10:32:52 -LMT1901# Kolonia

11:00-PONT#Pohnpei Time

Zone Pacific/Kosrae10:51:56 -LMT1901

11:00-KOST1969 Oct# Kosrae Time

12:00-KOST1999

# <pre>

# @(#)backward8.8

# @(#)backward8.9

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

LinkAmerica/DenverNavajo

LinkAsia/ShanghaiPRC

LinkPacific/Pago_PagoPacific/Samoa

LinkPacific/TrukPacific/Yap

LinkPacific/ChuukPacific/Yap

LinkPacific/ChuukPacific/Truk

LinkPacific/PohnpeiPacific/Ponape

LinkEurope/WarsawPoland

LinkEurope/LisbonPortugal

LinkAsia/TaipeiROC

# <pre>

# @(#)europe8.26

# @(#)europe8.27

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

2:00EUEE%sT

# Finland

# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC):

# Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,

# and it's supposed to change at 4am...

# From Janne Snabb (2010-0715):

#

# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):

# Shanks & Pottenger say Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time

# since 1981. Go with Strang instead.

# I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982.

# During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour

# earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made

# according to the central European standards.

#

# This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac

# Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in

# Finnish) at

#

# <a href="http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf">

# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf

# </a>

#

# Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings

# transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills.

#

# This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at:

#

# <a href="http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401">

# http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401

# </a>

#

# The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not

# exist tonight."

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

RuleFinland1942only-Apr30:001:00S

RuleFinland1942only-Oct30:000-

RuleFinland19811982-MarlastSun2:001:00S

RuleFinland19811982-SeplastSun3:000-

# ZoneNAMEGMTOFFRULESFORMAT[UNTIL]

ZoneEurope/Helsinki1:39:52 -LMT1878 May 31

1:39:52-HMT1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time

2:00FinlandEE%sT1981 Mar 29 2:00

2:00FinlandEE%sT1983

2:00EUEE%sT

# Aaland Is

# <pre>

# @(#)leapseconds8.9

# @(#)leapseconds8.10

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# FAX : 33 (0) 1 40 51 22 91

# Internet : services.iers@obspm.fr

#

# Paris,4 July2009

# Paris,14 July2010

#

# Bulletin C38

# Bulletin C40

#

# To authorities responsible

# for the measurement and

# distribution of time

#

# INFORMATION ON UTC - TAI

#

# NO positive leap second will be introduced at the end of December2009.

# NO positive leap second will be introduced at the end of December2010.

# The difference between Coordinated Universal Time UTC and the

# International Atomic Time TAI is :

# International Atomic Time TAI is :

#

# from 2009 January 1, 0h UTC, until further notice : UTC-TAI = -34 s

#

# will be no time step at the next possible date.

#

# Daniel GAMBIS

# Director

# Director

# Earth Orientation Center of IERS

# Observatoire de Paris, France

# <pre>

# @(#)northamerica8.31

# @(#)northamerica8.34

# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of

# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.

# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move

# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.

# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):

#

# Currently the database has:

#

# # Ontario

#

# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):

# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like

# # Toronto.

# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.

# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;

# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.

#

# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom

# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard

# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:

#

# The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,

# except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.

#

# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.

#

# I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began

# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.

#

# By the way, the article continues by noting that:

#

# Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back

# three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.

# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):

#

# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in

# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,

# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,

# was available at

# <a href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S">

# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S

# </a>

#

# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):

#

# A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would

# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by

# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities

# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-

# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,

# for the other provinces only approximate:

#

# ProvinceDaylight saving time used

# Prince Edward IslandNot used.

# Nova ScotiaIn Halifax only.

# New BrunswickIn St. John only.

# QuebecIn the following places:

# MontrealLachine

# QuebecMont-Royal

# LevisIberville

# St. LambertCap de la Madeleine

# VerdunLoretteville

# WestmountRichmond

# OutremontSt. Jerome

# LongueuilGreenfield Park

# ArvidaWaterloo

# Chambly-CantonBeaulieu

# MelbourneLa Tuque

# St. TheophileBuckingham

# OntarioUsed generally in the cities and towns along

# the southerly part of the province. Not

# used in the northwesterlhy part.

# ManitobaNot used.

# SaskatchewanIn Regina only.

# AlbertaNot used.

# British ColumbiaNot used.

#

# With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited

# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.

# RuleNAMEFROMTOTYPEINONATSAVELETTER/S

RuleToronto1919only-Mar3023:301:00D

RuleToronto1919only-Oct260:000S

-6:00-CST1942 Apr 24

-7:00-MST1949 Jan 14

-8:00-PST1970

-7:00MexicoM%sT2010 Apr 4

-7:00MexicoM%sT2010 Apr 4 2:00

-6:00MexicoC%sT

# Baja California (near US border)