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Commit68af0c2

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box aspect for axes
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:orphan:
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Setting axes box aspect
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-----------------------
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It is now possible to set the aspect of an axes box directly via
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`~Axes.set_box_aspect`. The box aspect is the ratio between axes height
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and axes width in physical units, independent of the data limits.
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This is useful to e.g. produce a square plot, independent of the data it
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contains, or to have a usual plot with the same axes dimensions next to
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an image plot with fixed (data-)aspect.
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For use cases check out the:doc:`Axes box aspect
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</gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/axes_box_aspect>` example.
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"""
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===============
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Axes box aspect
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===============
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This demo shows how to set the aspect of an axes box directly via
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`~Axes.set_box_aspect`. The box aspect is the ratio between axes height
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and axes width in physical units, independent of the data limits.
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This is useful to e.g. produce a square plot, independent of the data it
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contains, or to have a usual plot with the same axes dimensions next to
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an image plot with fixed (data-)aspect.
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The following lists a few use cases for `~Axes.set_box_aspect`.
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"""
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############################################################################
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# A square axes, independent of data
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# Produce a square axes, no matter what the data limits are.
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importmatplotlib
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importnumpyasnp
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importmatplotlib.pyplotasplt
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fig1,ax=plt.subplots()
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ax.set_xlim(300,400)
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ax.set_box_aspect(1)
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plt.show()
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############################################################################
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# Shared square axes
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# Produce shared subplots that are squared in size.
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#
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fig2, (ax,ax2)=plt.subplots(ncols=2,sharey=True)
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ax.plot([1,5], [0,10])
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ax2.plot([100,500], [10,15])
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ax.set_box_aspect(1)
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ax2.set_box_aspect(1)
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plt.show()
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############################################################################
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# Square twin axes
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# Produce a square axes, with a twin axes. The twinned axes takes over the
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# box aspect of the parent.
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#
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fig3,ax=plt.subplots()
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ax2=ax.twinx()
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ax.plot([0,10])
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ax2.plot([12,10])
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ax.set_box_aspect(1)
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plt.show()
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############################################################################
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# Normal plot next to image
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# When creating an image plot with fixed data aspect and the default
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# ``adjustable="box"`` next to a normal plot, the axes would be unequal in
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# height. `~Axes.set_box_aspect` provides an easy solution to that by allowing
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# to have the normal plot's axes use the images dimensions as box aspect.
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#
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# This example also shows that ``constrained_layout`` interplays nicely with
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# a fixed box aspect.
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fig4, (ax,ax2)=plt.subplots(ncols=2,constrained_layout=True)
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im=np.random.rand(16,27)
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ax.imshow(im)
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ax2.plot([23,45])
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ax2.set_box_aspect(im.shape[0]/im.shape[1])
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plt.show()
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############################################################################
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# Square joint/marginal plot
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# It may be desireable to show marginal distributions next to a plot of joint
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# data. The following creates a square plot with the box aspect of the
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# marginal axes being equal to the width- and height-ratios of the gridspec.
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# This ensures that all axes align perfectly, independent on the size of the
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# figure.
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fig5,axs=plt.subplots(2,2,sharex="col",sharey="row",
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gridspec_kw=dict(height_ratios=[1,3],
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width_ratios=[3,1]))
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axs[0,1].set_visible(False)
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axs[0,0].set_box_aspect(1/3)
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axs[1,0].set_box_aspect(1)
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axs[1,1].set_box_aspect(3/1)
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x,y=np.random.randn(2,400)*np.array([[.5], [180]])
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axs[1,0].scatter(x,y)
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axs[0,0].hist(x)
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axs[1,1].hist(y,orientation="horizontal")
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plt.show()
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############################################################################
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# Square joint/marginal plot
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#
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# When setting the box aspect, one may still set the data aspect as well.
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# Here we create an axes with a box twice as long as tall and use an "equal"
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# data aspect for its contents, i.e. the circle actually stays circular.
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fig6,ax=plt.subplots()
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ax.add_patch(plt.Circle((5,3),1))
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ax.set_aspect("equal",adjustable="datalim")
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ax.set_box_aspect(0.5)
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ax.autoscale()
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plt.show()
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#############################################################################
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#
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# ------------
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#
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# References
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# """"""""""
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#
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# The use of the following functions, methods and classes is shown
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# in this example:
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_box_aspect

‎lib/matplotlib/axes/_base.py

Lines changed: 73 additions & 3 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -426,6 +426,7 @@ def __init__(self, fig, rect,
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self.axes=self
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self._aspect='auto'
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self._adjustable='box'
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self._box_aspect=None
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self._anchor='C'
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self._stale_viewlim_x=False
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self._stale_viewlim_y=False
@@ -1282,6 +1283,18 @@ def set_aspect(self, aspect, adjustable=None, anchor=None, share=False):
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self.stale=True
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defget_adjustable(self):
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"""
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Returns the adjustable parameter, *{'box', 'datalim'}* that defines
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which parameter the Axes will change to achieve a given aspect.
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See Also
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--------
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_adjustable
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defining the parameter to adjust in order to meet the required
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aspect.
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_aspect
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for a description of aspect handling.
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"""
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returnself._adjustable
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defset_adjustable(self,adjustable,share=False):
@@ -1333,6 +1346,54 @@ def set_adjustable(self, adjustable, share=False):
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ax._adjustable=adjustable
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self.stale=True
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defget_box_aspect(self):
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"""
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Get the axes box aspect.
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Will be ``None`` if not explicitely specified.
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See Also
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--------
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_box_aspect
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for a description of box aspect.
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_aspect
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for a description of aspect handling.
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"""
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returnself._box_aspect
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defset_box_aspect(self,aspect=None):
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"""
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Set the axes box aspect. The box aspect is the ratio of the
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axes height to the axes width in physical units. This is not to be
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confused with the data aspect, set via `~Axes.set_aspect`.
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Parameters
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----------
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aspect : None, or a number
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Changes the physical dimensions of the Axes, such that the ratio
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of the axes height to the axes width in physical units is equal to
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*aspect*. If *None*, the axes geometry will not be adjusted.
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Note that this changes the adjustable to *datalim*.
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See Also
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--------
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matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_aspect
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for a description of aspect handling.
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"""
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axs= {*self._twinned_axes.get_siblings(self),
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*self._twinned_axes.get_siblings(self)}
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ifaspectisnotNone:
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aspect=float(aspect)
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# when box_aspect is set to other than ´None`,
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# adjustable must be "datalim"
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foraxinaxs:
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ax.set_adjustable("datalim")
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foraxinaxs:
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ax._box_aspect=aspect
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ax.stale=True
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defget_anchor(self):
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"""
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Get the anchor location.
@@ -1462,7 +1523,7 @@ def apply_aspect(self, position=None):
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aspect=self.get_aspect()
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ifaspect=='auto':
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ifaspect=='auto'andself._box_aspectisNone:
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self._set_position(position,which='active')
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return
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@@ -1482,11 +1543,20 @@ def apply_aspect(self, position=None):
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self._set_position(pb1.anchored(self.get_anchor(),pb),'active')
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return
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# self._adjustable == 'datalim'
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# The following is only seen if self._adjustable == 'datalim'
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ifself._box_aspectisnotNone:
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pb=position.frozen()
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pb1=pb.shrunk_to_aspect(self._box_aspect,pb,fig_aspect)
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self._set_position(pb1.anchored(self.get_anchor(),pb),'active')
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ifaspect=="auto":
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return
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# reset active to original in case it had been changed by prior use
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# of 'box'
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self._set_position(position,which='active')
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ifself._box_aspectisNone:
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self._set_position(position,which='active')
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else:
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position=pb1.anchored(self.get_anchor(),pb)
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x_trf=self.xaxis.get_transform()
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y_trf=self.yaxis.get_transform()

‎lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py

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@@ -6565,5 +6565,56 @@ def test_aspect_nonlinear_adjustable_datalim():
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aspect=1,adjustable="datalim")
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ax.margins(0)
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ax.apply_aspect()
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assertax.get_xlim()==pytest.approx([1*10**(1/2),100/10**(1/2)])
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assertax.get_ylim()== (1/101,1/11)
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deftest_box_aspect():
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# Test if axes with box_aspect=1 has same dimensions
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# as axes with aspect equal and adjustable="box"
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fig1,ax1=plt.subplots()
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axtwin=ax1.twinx()
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axtwin.plot([12,344])
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ax1.set_box_aspect(1)
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fig2,ax2=plt.subplots()
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ax2.margins(0)
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ax2.plot([0,2], [6,8])
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ax2.set_aspect("equal",adjustable="box")
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fig1.canvas.draw()
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fig2.canvas.draw()
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bb1=ax1.get_position()
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bbt=axtwin.get_position()
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bb2=ax2.get_position()
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assert_array_equal(bb1.extents,bb2.extents)
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assert_array_equal(bbt.extents,bb2.extents)
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deftest_box_aspect_custom_position():
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# Test if axes with custom position and box_aspect
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# behaves the same independent of the order of setting those.
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fig1,ax1=plt.subplots()
6604+
ax1.set_position([0.1,0.1,0.9,0.2])
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fig1.canvas.draw()
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ax1.set_box_aspect(1.)
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6608+
fig2,ax2=plt.subplots()
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ax2.set_box_aspect(1.)
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fig2.canvas.draw()
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ax2.set_position([0.1,0.1,0.9,0.2])
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fig1.canvas.draw()
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fig2.canvas.draw()
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bb1=ax1.get_position()
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bb2=ax2.get_position()
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assert_array_equal(bb1.extents,bb2.extents)
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