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Commite775089

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Merge branch 'rename-challenges'
2 parentsbb69aab +e7cefbf commite775089

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# 4.5 - Challenge: Pick Apart Your User's Input
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# Solution to code challenge
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# Return the upper-case first letter entered by the user
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user_input=input("Tell me your password: ")
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first_letter=user_input[0]
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print("The first letter you entered was:",first_letter.upper())
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# 4.9 - Challenge: Turn Your User Into a L33t H4x0r
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# Solution to challenge
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# Turn a user's input into leetspeak
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my_text=input("Enter some text: ")
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my_text=my_text.replace("a","4")
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my_text=my_text.replace("b","8")
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my_text=my_text.replace("e","3")
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my_text=my_text.replace("l","1")
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my_text=my_text.replace("o","0")
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my_text=my_text.replace("s","5")
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my_text=my_text.replace("t","7")
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print(my_text)
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# 5.3 - Challenge: Perform Calculations on User Input
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# Solution to challenge
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# Receive two input numbers and calculate their power
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base=input("Enter a base: ")
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exponent=input("Enter an exponent: ")
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result=float(base)**float(exponent)
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print(f"{base} to the power of{exponent} ={result}")
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# 6.3 - Challenge: Convert temperatures
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# Solution to challenge
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defconvert_cel_to_far(temp_cel):
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"""Return the Celsius temperature temp_cel converted to Fahrenheit."""
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temp_far=temp_cel* (9/5)+32
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returntemp_far
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defconvert_far_to_cel(temp_far):
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"""Return the Fahrenheit temperature temp_far converted to Celsius."""
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temp_cel= (temp_far-32)* (5/9)
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returntemp_cel
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# Prompt the user to input a Fahrenheit temperature.
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temp_far=input("Enter a temperature in degrees F: ")
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# Convert the temperature to Celsius.
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# Note that `temp_far` must be converted to a `float`
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# since `input()` returns a string.
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temp_cel=convert_far_to_cel(float(temp_far))
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# Display the converted temperature
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print(f"{temp_far} degrees F ={temp_cel:.2f} degrees C")
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# You could also use `round()` instead of the formatting mini-language:
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# print(f"{temp_far} degrees F = {round(temp_cel, 2)} degrees C"")
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# Prompt the user to input a Celsius temperature.
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temp_cel=input("\nEnter a temperature in degrees C: ")
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# Convert the temperature to Fahrenheit.
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temp_far=convert_cel_to_far(float(temp_cel))
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# Display the converted temperature
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print(f"{temp_cel} degrees C ={temp_far:.2f} degrees F")
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# 6.5 - Challenge: Track Your Investments
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# Solution to challenge
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# Calculate compound interest to track the growth of an investment
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definvest(amount,rate,years):
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foryearinrange(1,years+1):
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amount=amount* (1+rate)
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print(f"year{year}: ${amount:,.2f}")
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amount=float(input("Enter a principal amount: "))
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rate=float(input("Enter an anual rate of return: "))
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years=int(input("Enter a number of years: "))
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invest(amount,rate,years)
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# 8.4 - Challenge: Find the Factors of a Number
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# Solution to challenge
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# Display all the factors of a number chosen by the user
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num=int(input("Enter a positive integer: "))
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fordivisorinrange(1,num+1):
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ifnum%divisor==0:
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print(f"{divisor} is a factor of{num}")
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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiment
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# Solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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importrandom
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defcoin_flip():
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"""Randomly return 'heads' or 'tails'."""
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ifrandom.randint(0,1)==0:
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return"heads"
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else:
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return"tails"
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flips=0
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num_trials=10_000
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fortrialinrange(num_trials):
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ifcoin_flip()=="heads":
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# Increment the number of flips by 1
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flips=flips+1
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whilecoin_flip()=="heads":
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# Keep incrementing the total number of flips
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# until "tails" is returned by coin_flip()
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flips=flips+1
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# Once coin_flip() return "tails", the loop will exit,
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# but we need to add one more to flips to track the
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# last flip that generated "tails"
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flips=flips+1
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else:
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# coin_flip() returned "tails" on the first flip.
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# Increment the number of flips by 1
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flips=flips+1
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whilecoin_flip=="tails":
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# Keep incrementing the total number of flips
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# until "heads" is returned by coin_flip()
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flips=flips+1
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# Once coin_flip() returns "heads", the loop will exit,
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# but we need to add one more to flips to track the
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# last flip that generated "heads"
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flips=flips+1
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avg_flips_per_trial=flips/num_trials
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print(f"The average number of flips per trial is{avg_flips_per_trial}.")
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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiement
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# Alternative solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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importrandom
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defcoin_flip():
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"""Randomly return 'heads' or 'tails'."""
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ifrandom.randint(0,1)==0:
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return"heads"
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else:
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return"tails"
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flips=0
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num_trials=10_000
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fortrialinrange(num_trials):
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# Flip the coin once and increment the flips tally by 1
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first_flip=coin_flip()
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flips=flips+1
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# Continue flipping the coin and updating the tally until
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# a different result is returned by coin_flips()
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whilecoin_flip()==first_flip:
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flips=flips+1
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# Increment the flip tally once more to account for the
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# final flip with a different result
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flips=flips+1
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avg_flips_per_trial=flips/num_trials
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print(f"The average number of flips per trial is{avg_flips_per_trial}.")
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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiement
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# Alternative solution to challenge using functions
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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fromrandomimportrandint
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defsingle_trial():
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toss=randint(0,1)
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total_flips=1
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whiletoss==randint(0,1):
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total_flips+=1
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toss=randint(0,1)
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total_flips+=1
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returntotal_flips
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defflip_trial_avg(num_trials):
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total=0
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fortrialinrange(num_trials):
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total+=single_trial()
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returntotal/num_trials
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print(f"The average number of coin flips was{flip_trial_avg(10000)}")
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# 8.9 - Challenge: Simulate an Election
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# Solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of an election using a Monte Carlo simulation
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fromrandomimportrandom
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total_A_wins=0
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total_B_wins=0
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trials=10_000
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fortrialinrange(0,trials):
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A_win=0
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B_win=0
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ifrandom()<0.87:# 1st region
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A_win+=1
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else:
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B_win+=1
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ifrandom()<0.65:# 2nd region
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A_win+=1
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else:
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B_win+=1
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ifrandom()<0.17:# 3rd region
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A_win+=1
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else:
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B_win+=1
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# Determine overall election outcome
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ifA_win>B_win:
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total_A_wins+=1
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else:
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total_B_wins+=1
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print(f"Probability A wins:{total_A_wins/trials}")
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print(f"Probability B wins:{total_B_wins/trials}")
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# 9.2 - Challenge: List of Lists
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# Solution to challenge
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defenrollment_stats(list_of_universities):
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# Variables
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total_students= []
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total_tuition= []
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# Iterate through lists, adding values
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foruniversityinlist_of_universities:
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total_students.append(university[1])
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total_tuition.append(university[2])
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# Return variables
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returntotal_students,total_tuition
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defmean(my_list):
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iflen(my_list)==0:
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return"The list is empty"
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list_sum=0
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foriinrange(len(my_list)):
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list_sum+=float(my_list[i])
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returnint(list_sum/len(my_list))
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defmedian(my_list):
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sorts=sorted(my_list)
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length=len(sorts)
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ifnotlength%2:
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return (sorts[int(length/2)]+sorts[int(length/2-1)])/2.0
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returnsorts[int(length/2)]
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universities= [
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["California Institute of Technology",2175,37704],
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["Harvard",19627,39849],
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["Massachusetts Institute of Technology",10566,40732],
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["Princeton",7802,37000],
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["Rice",5879,35551],
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["Stanford",19535,40569],
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["Yale",11701,40500],
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]
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totals=enrollment_stats(universities)
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print("\n")
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print("*****"*5)
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print(f"Total students:{sum(totals[0])}")
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print(f"Total tuition: ${sum(totals[1])}")
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print(f"\nStudent mean:{mean(totals[0])}")
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print(f"Student median:{median(totals[0])}")
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print(f"\nTuition mean: ${mean(totals[1])}")
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print(f"Tuition median: ${median(totals[1])}")
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print("*****"*5)
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print("\n")

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