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docs: improve dev containers documentation for user start-up#15458

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EdwardAngert merged 39 commits intomainfrombp-dev-containers
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d741460
add definitions to admin/index
EdwardAngertNov 8, 2024
3ed5c3e
init devcontainers best practice doc
EdwardAngertNov 8, 2024
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s/definition list/bullets
EdwardAngertNov 8, 2024
16cce07
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin' into bp-dev-containers
EdwardAngertNov 12, 2024
e96b1bc
admin/index glossary section
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
22e399d
when to use a dev container
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin' into bp-dev-containers
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
8e37e58
admin/index glossary; devcontainer known issues
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
985233a
devcontainer lifecycle scripts
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
f2c59be
devcontainers directory
EdwardAngertNov 13, 2024
b24f615
fix typo
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4c28411
make fmt
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suggestions from review
EdwardAngertNov 20, 2024
197cfa7
add steps in tabs to add-devcontainer
EdwardAngertNov 20, 2024
5a93ff2
fix links; list templates
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make fmt + copy review addition
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typo fix
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copy edit devcontainer/index
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close codeblock; edit starter template steps
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89 changes: 61 additions & 28 deletionsdocs/admin/templates/managing-templates/devcontainers/index.md
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@@ -1,29 +1,53 @@
# Development containers on Coder

Adevelopment container (dev container or devcontainer) is an
ADevelopment Container is an
[open source specification](https://containers.dev/implementors/spec/) for
defining containerized development environments.
defining containerized development environments which are also called
development containers (dev containers).

Leverage Coder with dev containers and apply cloud-native security practices to
traditional ticket-ops and approval-ops workflows to help enable developers to
self-service.
Use dev containers with Coder to give developers more autonomy and control over
their environments while adding cloud-native security to standard ticket and
approval workflows for increased self-service.

## Prerequisites

A developer team should configure dev containers after an administrator
constructs or chooses a base image and creates a template that includes a
`devcontainer_builder` image.

## Benefits of devcontainers

There are several benefits to adding adevcontainer-compatible template to
There are several benefits to adding adev container-compatible template to
Coder:

- Reliability and scalability
- Reliability through standardization
- Scalability for growing teams
- Improved security
- Performance efficiency
- Cost Optimization

### Reliability and scalability
### Reliability through standardization

Use dev containers to empower development teams to personalize their own
environments while maintaining consistency and security through an approved and
hardened base image. Standardized environments ensure uniform behavior across
machines and team members, eliminating "it works on my machine" issues and
creating a stable foundation for development and testing. Containerized setups
reduce dependency conflicts and misconfigurations, enhancing build stability.

### Scalability for growing teams

Envbuilder is an open source project independently packaged and versioned from
the centralized Coder open source project. This means that it can be used with
Coder, but it is not required. It also means that Dev Container builds can scale
independently of the Coder control plane and even run in CI/CD.
Dev containers allow organizations to handle multiple projects and teams
efficiently.

You can leverage platforms like Kubernetes to allocate resources on demand,
optimizing costs and ensuring fair distribution of quotas. Developer teams can
use efficient custom images and independently configure the contents of their
version-controlled dev containers.

This approach allows organizations to scale seamlessly, reducing the maintenance
burden on the administrators that support diverse projects while allowing
development teams to maintain their own images and onboard new users quickly.

### Improved security

Expand All@@ -34,7 +58,12 @@ Additionally, Envbuilder can be configured to push the full image back to your
registry for additional security scanning.

This means that Coder admins can still require hardened base images and
packages, while still allowing developer self service.
packages, while still allowing developer self-service.

Envbuilder runs inside a small container image but does not require a Docker
daemon in order to build a dev container. This is useful in environments where
you may not have access to a Docker socket for security reasons, but still need
to work with a container.

### Performance efficiency

Expand All@@ -53,30 +82,34 @@ image caching ensures optimal start and stop times.

## When to use a dev container

A development container
Dev containers are a good fit for developer teams who are familiar with Docker
and are already using containerized development environments. If you have a
large number of projects with different toolchains, dependencies, or that depend
on a particular Linux distribution, dev containers make it easier to quickly
switch between projects.

## Coder Envbuilder

Envbuilder is an open source project by Coder that runs dev containers via Coder
templates and your underlying infrastructure. It can run on Docker or
Kubernetes.

Envbuilder uses the Dev Container standard used in VS Code Local, Daytona,
DevPod, and Codespaces. This format is already familiar to developers and can
simplify migration. This allows developers to take control of their own
environments, while still following cloud-native security best practices. See
the
[Security section](./devcontainer-security-caching.md#devcontainer-security-and-caching)
for more information.
They may also be a great fit for more restricted environments where you may not
have access to a Docker daemon since it doesn't need one to work.

## Devcontainer Features

[Devcontainer Features](https://containers.dev/implementors/features/) allow
[Dev container Features](https://containers.dev/implementors/features/) allow
owners of a project to specify self-contained units of code and runtime
configuration that can be composed together on top of an existing base image.
This is a good place to install project-specific tools, such as
language-specific runtimes and compilers.

## Coder Envbuilder

Envbuilder is an open-source project maintained by Coder that runs dev
containers via Coder templates and your underlying infrastructure. Envbuilder
can run on Docker or Kubernetes.

It is independently packaged and versioned from the centralized Coder
open-source project. This means that Envbuilder can be used with Coder, but it
is not required. It also means that dev container builds can scale independently
of the Coder control plane and even run within a CI/CD pipeline.

## Next steps

- [Add a devcontainer template](./add-devcontainer.md)

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