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Implementation of an HTTPWeb Thing. This library is compatible with Python 2.7 and 3.5+.

webthing can be installed viapip, as such:

$ pip install webthing

$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WebThingsIO/webthing-python/master/example/single-thing.py$ python3 single-thing.py

This starts a server and lets you search for it from your gateway through mDNS. To add it to your gateway, navigate to the Things page in the gateway's UI and click the + icon at the bottom right. If both are on the same network, the example thing will automatically appear.

In this code-walkthrough we will set up a dimmable light and a humidity sensor (both using fake data, of course). Both working examples can be found in theexamples directory.

Imagine you have a dimmable light that you want to expose via the web of things API. The light can be turned on/off and the brightness can be set from 0% to 100%. Besides the name, description, and type, aLight is required to expose two properties:

• on: the state of the light, whether it is turned on or off
  • Setting this property via aPUT {"on": true/false} call to the REST API toggles the light.
• brightness: the brightness level of the light from 0-100%
  • Setting this property via a PUT call to the REST API sets the brightness level of this light.

First we create a new Thing:

light=Thing('urn:dev:ops:my-lamp-1234','My Lamp',    ['OnOffSwitch','Light'],'A web connected lamp')

Now we can add the required properties.

Theon property reports and sets the on/off state of the light. For this, we need to have aValue object which holds the actual state and also a method to turn the light on/off. For our purposes, we just want to log the new state if the light is switched on/off.

light.add_property(Property(light,'on',Value(True,lambdav:print('On-State is now',v)),metadata={'@type':'OnOffProperty','title':'On/Off','type':'boolean','description':'Whether the lamp is turned on',        }))

Thebrightness property reports the brightness level of the light and sets the level. Like before, instead of actually setting the level of a light, we just log the level.

light.add_property(Property(light,'brightness',Value(50,lambdav:print('Brightness is now',v)),metadata={'@type':'BrightnessProperty','title':'Brightness','type':'number','description':'The level of light from 0-100','minimum':0,'maximum':100,'unit':'percent',        }))

Now we can add our newly created thing to the server and start it:

# If adding more than one thing, use MultipleThings() with a name.# In the single thing case, the thing's name will be broadcast.server=WebThingServer(SingleThing(light),port=8888)try:server.start()exceptKeyboardInterrupt:server.stop()

This will start the server, making the light available via the WoT REST API and announcing it as a discoverable resource on your local network via mDNS.

Let's now also connect a humidity sensor to the server we set up for our light.

AMultiLevelSensor (a sensor that returns a level instead of just on/off) has one required property (besides the name, type, and optional description):level. We want to monitor this property and get notified if the value changes.

First we create a new Thing:

sensor=Thing('urn:dev:ops:my-humidity-sensor-1234','My Humidity Sensor',     ['MultiLevelSensor'],'A web connected humidity sensor')

Then we create and add the appropriate property:

• level: tells us what the sensor is actually reading

  • Contrary to the light, the value cannot be set via an API call, as it wouldn't make much sense, to SET what a sensor is reading. Therefore, we are creating areadOnly property.

    level=Value(0.0);sensor.add_property(Property(sensor,'level',level,metadata={'@type':'LevelProperty','title':'Humidity','type':'number','description':'The current humidity in %','minimum':0,'maximum':100,'unit':'percent','readOnly':True,        }))

Now we have a sensor that constantly reports 0%. To make it usable, we need a thread or some kind of input when the sensor has a new reading available. For this purpose we start a thread that queries the physical sensor every few seconds. For our purposes, it just calls a fake method.

self.sensor_update_task= \get_event_loop().create_task(self.update_level())asyncdefupdate_level(self):try:whileTrue:awaitsleep(3)new_level=self.read_from_gpio()logging.debug('setting new humidity level: %s',new_level)self.level.notify_of_external_update(new_level)exceptCancelledError:pass

This will update ourValue object with the sensor readings via theself.level.notify_of_external_update(read_from_gpio()) call. TheValue object now notifies the property and the thing that the value has changed, which in turn notifies all websocket listeners.

To add your web thing to the WebThings Gateway, install the "Web Thing" add-on and follow the instructionshere.