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Hyperscript Tagged Markup: JSX alternative using standard tagged templates, with compiler support.
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JavaScriptExpert/htm
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htm isJSX-like syntax in plain JavaScript - no transpiler necessary.
Develop with React/Preact directly in the browser, then compilehtm away for production.
It uses standard JavaScriptTagged Templates and works inall modern browsers.
🐣< 700 bytes when used directly in the browser
⚛️< 500 bytes when used with Preact(thanks gzip 🌈)
🏅0 bytes when compiled usingbabel-plugin-htm
The syntax you write when using HTM is as close as possible to JSX:
- Spread props:
<div ...${props}> - Self-closing tags:
<div /> - Components:
<${Foo}>(whereFoois a component reference) - Boolean attributes:
<div draggable />
htm actually takes the JSX-style syntax a couple steps further!
Here's some ergonomic features you get for free that aren't present in JSX:
- No transpiler necessary
- HTML's optional quotes:
<div class=foo> - Component end-tags:
<${Footer}>footer content<//> - Syntax highlighting and language support via thelit-html VSCode extension.
htm is published to npm, and accessible via the unpkg.com CDN:
via npm:
npmihtm
hotlinking from unpkg:(no build tool needed!)
importhtmfrom'https://unpkg.com/htm?module'consthtml=htm.bind(React.createElement);
// just want htm + preact in a single file? there's a highly-optimized version of that:import{html,render}from'https://unpkg.com/htm/preact/standalone.mjs'
Sincehtm is a generic library, we need to tell it what to "compile" our templates to.
The target should be a function of the formh(type, props, ...children)(hyperscript), and can return anything.
// this is our hyperscript function. for now, it just returns a description object.functionh(type,props, ...children){return{ type, props, children};}
To use thath() function, we need to create our ownhtml tag function by bindinghtm to ourh() function:
importhtmfrom'htm';consthtml=htm.bind(h);
Now we have anhtml() template tag that can be used to produce objects in the format we created above.
Here's the whole thing for clarity:
importhtmfrom'htm';functionh(type,props, ...children){return{ type, props, children};}consthtml=htm.bind(h);console.log(html`<h1id=hello>Hello world!</h1>`);// {// type: 'h1',// props: { id: 'hello' },// children: ['Hello world!']// }
Curious to see what it all looks like? Here's a working app!
It's a single HTML file, and there's no build or tooling. You can edit it with nano.
<!DOCTYPE html><htmllang="en"><title>htm Demo</title><scripttype="module">import{html,Component,render}from'https://unpkg.com/htm/preact/standalone.mjs';classAppextendsComponent{addTodo(){const{ todos=[]}=this.state;this.setState({todos:todos.concat(`Item${todos.length}`)});}render({ page},{ todos=[]}){returnhtml`<divclass="app"><${Header}name="ToDo's (${page})"/><ul>${todos.map(todo=>html`<li>${todo}</li> `)}</ul><buttononClick=${()=>this.addTodo()}>Add Todo</button><${Footer}>footer content here<//></div> `;}}constHeader=({ name})=>html`<h1>${name} List</h1>`constFooter=props=>html`<footer...${props}/>`render(html`<${App}page="All"/>`,document.body);</script></html>
How nifty is that?
Notice there's only one import - here we're using the prebuilt Preact integration since it's easier to import and a bit smaller.
The same example works fine without the prebuilt version, just using two imports:
import{h,Component,render}from'preact';importhtmfrom'htm';consthtml=htm.bind(h);render(html`<${App}page="All"/>`,document.body);
Sincehtm is designed to meet the same need as JSX, you can use it anywhere you'd use JSX.
Generate HTML usingvhtml:
importhtmfrom'htm';importvhtmlfrom'vhtml';consthtml=htm.bind(vhtml);console.log(html`<h1id=hello>Hello world!</h1>`);// '<h1>Hello world!</h1>'
Webpack configuration viajsxobj: (details here)(never do this)
importhtmfrom'htm';importjsxobjfrom'jsxobj';consthtml=htm.bind(jsxobj);console.log(html`<webpackwatchmode=production><entrypath="src/index.js"/></webpack>`);// {// watch: true,// mode: 'production',// entry: {// path: 'src/index.js'// }// }
The original goal forhtm was to create a wrapper around Preact that felt natural for use untranspiled in the browser. I wanted to use Virtual DOM, but I wanted to eschew build tooling and use ES Modules directly.
This meant giving up JSX, and the closest alternative wasTagged Templates. So, I wrote this library to patch up the differences between the two as much as possible. As it turns out, the technique is framework-agnostic, so it should work great with most Virtual DOM libraries.
As of 2.0.0,htm is stable, well-tested and ready for production use.
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Hyperscript Tagged Markup: JSX alternative using standard tagged templates, with compiler support.
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