Modify axis, legend, and plot labels

Good labels are critical for making your plots accessible to a wideraudience. Always ensure the axis and legend labels display the fullvariable name. Use the plottitle andsubtitle to explain themain findings. It's common to use thecaption to provide informationabout the data source.tag can be used for adding identification tagsto differentiate between multiple plots.

:xlab(),ylab() andggtitle() aresuperseded. It is recommended to use thelabs(x, y, title, subtitle)arguments instead.

get_labs() retrieves completed labels from a plot.

Usage

labs(...,  title=waiver(),  subtitle=waiver(),  caption=waiver(),  tag=waiver(),  dictionary=waiver(),  alt=waiver(),  alt_insight=waiver())xlab(label)ylab(label)ggtitle(label, subtitle=waiver())get_labs(plot=get_last_plot())

Arguments

...

New name-value pairs. The name should be an aesthetic. The values can beone of the following:

• A string or expression to set a label verbatim.

• A function to use as formatter for the default label.

• NULL to remove a label.

• Awaiver() to use the default label.

title

The text for the title.

subtitle

The text for the subtitle for the plot which will bedisplayed below the title.

caption

The text for the caption which will be displayed in thebottom-right of the plot by default.

tag

The text for the tag label which will be displayed at thetop-left of the plot by default.

dictionary

A named character vector to serve as dictionary.Automatically derived labels, such as those based on variables willbe matched withnames(dictionary) and replaced by the matchingentry indictionary.

alt, alt_insight

Text used for the generation of alt-text for the plot.Seeget_alt_text for examples.alt can also be a function thattakes the plot as input and returns text as output.alt also acceptsrlanglambda function notation.

label

The title of the respective axis (forxlab() orylab()) orof the plot (forggtitle()).

plot

A ggplot object

Details

You can also set axis and legend labels in the individual scales (usingthe first argument, thename). If you're changing other scale options, thisis recommended.

If a plot already has a title, subtitle, caption, etc., and you want toremove it, you can do so by setting the respective argument toNULL. Forexample, if plotp has a subtitle, thenp + labs(subtitle = NULL) willremove the subtitle from the plot.

See also

Examples

p<-ggplot(mtcars,aes(mpg,wt, colour=cyl))+geom_point()p+labs(colour="Cylinders")p+labs(x="New x label")# Set labels by variable name instead of aestheticp+labs(dictionary=c(  disp="Displacment",# Not in use  cyl="Number of cylinders",  mpg="Miles per gallon",  wt="Weight (1000 lbs)"))# The plot title appears at the top-left, with the subtitle# display in smaller text underneath itp+labs(title="New plot title")p+labs(title="New plot title", subtitle="A subtitle")# The caption appears in the bottom-right, and is often used for# sources, notes or copyrightp+labs(caption="(based on data from ...)")# The plot tag appears at the top-left, and is typically used# for labelling a subplot with a letter.p+labs(title="title", tag="A")# If you want to remove a label, set it to NULL.p+labs(title="title")+labs(title=NULL)