I'm going to take A GUESS that the "alias error" is less a problem with the alias itself as the fact that you're trying to open a "newer version" (Tahoe) of a Numbers files using an older version of Numbers?
Again, only a guess, and I could be wrong.
I'd like to offer a couple of suggestions:
First, do this from your Tahoe version of Numbers (on the MBair?).
Open the file in question.
Go to File --> Export and try exporting to Numbers '09.
Give the file an appropriate name "modification" so you won't get confused as to which is which.
Then, move the file to the Mac (or is it an iPad ?), and see if it will open from that format.
DON'T use an alias. Move the actual file.
ANOTHER OPTION:
Repeat the above process, but instead of exporting to Numbers '09, try Excel instead.
Then, IMPORT from the Excel file on the other Mac/iPad.
If one way doesn't work, perhaps the other way will...