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FB2025_05,released December 11, 2025
FlyBase in AWS Open Data
FlyBase NIH Grant Terminated
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FB2025_05,released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\sl
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\sl
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
small wing
Annotation Symbol
CG4200
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0003416
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
phosphoinositide phospholipase C (3.1.4.11)
Gene Summary
small wing (sl) encodes a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholiase type C that is required as a general modulator for growth downstream of the insulin pathway, and interacts with the Ras-MAPK pathway. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

PLCγ, PLC-γ, PLC, phospholipase Cγ

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-53
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:16350315..16356482
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (20 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (17 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from genetic interaction withFLYBASE:Raf;FB:FBgn0003079
inferred from genetic interaction withFLYBASE:Dsor1;FB:FBgn0010269
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from genetic interaction withFLYBASE:InR;FB:FBgn0283499
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (8 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from electronic annotation withInterPro:IPR016279
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_inruffle membrane
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor withPANTHER:PTN004149887
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phospholipase C activity
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate) + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H(+) (3.1.4.11)
RHEA 33179:
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
small wing (sl) encodes a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholiase type C that is required as a general modulator for growth downstream of the insulin pathway, and interacts with the Ras-MAPK pathway. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Pathway (FlyBase)
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF SEVENLESS SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Negative regulators of Sevenless signaling down-regulate the pathway, directing the presumptive R7 cell fate to that of a cone cell. (Adapted fromFBrf0127283 andFBrf0221727).
NEGATIVE REGULATORS OF EGFR SIGNALING PATHWAY -
Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.
Gene Group (FlyBase)
PHOSPHOLIPASES C -
Phospholipases C are hydrolases that catalyze the conversion of a phospholipid into 1,2-diacylglycerol and a phosphatidate.
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
sl: small wing
Wings about 80% normal length, straight edged, and blunt tipped. Crossveins rather close. Eyes large and slightly rough.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C gamma, Src homology 2 and 3 domain protein - a negative regulator in the pathways leading to R7 development - mutation results in additional cells being recruited to an R7 cell fate

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view ofDmel\sl for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use theContact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted byAlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VXH3)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0074230
5678
1236
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

6.2 (northern blot)

6 (northern blot)

Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0074009
142.1
1236
7.17
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sl using theFeature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data byVedeleket al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.48

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
northern blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

sl transcripts are observed at all four stages of development on northern blots. By in situ hybridization, a strong signal is observed all around the surface of the embryo at cellularization. Subsequently, the signal decreases but is detectable throughout embryogenesis. Later, high levels of expression are seen in the invaginated anterior and posterior midgut primordia.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

ViewDmel\sl in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
SeeGelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
sl
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 19 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sl
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sl
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (55)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
8  
12 of 14
No
Yes
2  
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
0  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
3  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
3  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
7  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (39)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
11 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (40)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
No
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (51)
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
6 of 13
No
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
3 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
2 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (50)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
5 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (14)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
4 of 14
No
Yes
3 of 14
No
No
3 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (17)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (9)
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
8 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:sl. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (19)
7 of 13
7 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 4 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    RNA-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-53
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    14B15-14B17
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence betweenP{EP}Cyp1EP1073&P{EP}Dsp1EP355 andP{EP}EP1493EP1493
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    14B-14C
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (22)
    Genomic Clones (15)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (30)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please seeJBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
        RNAi and Array Information
        Linkouts
        DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
        Antibody Information
        Laboratory Generated Antibodies
         
        Commercially Available Antibodies
         
        Cell Line Information
        Publicly Available Cell Lines
         
          Other Stable Cell Lines
           
            Other Comments

            dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

            Thesl gene product is involved in Ras-mediated signalling where it acts as a negative regulator of the Ras pathway.

            Isolated from a genomic library using a rat PLC-γ2 cDNA fragment as a probe, under reduced stringency conditions.

            sl has been cloned and sequenced, and its RNA expression pattern has been analysed.

            Relationship to Other Genes
            Source for database merge of
            Additional comments
            Nomenclature History
            Source for database identify of
            Nomenclature comments
            Etymology
            Synonyms and Secondary IDs (20)
            Reported As
            Symbol Synonym
            PLC-gamma D
            Secondary FlyBase IDs
            • FBgn0011825
            Datasets (0)
            Study focus (0)
            Experimental Role
            Project
            Project Type
            Title
            Study result (0)
            Result
            Result Type
            Title
            External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 84 )
            Sequence Crossreferences
            NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
            GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
            GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
            RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
            UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
            UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
            Other crossreferences
            AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
            DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
            EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
            FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
            FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
            KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
            MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
            Linkouts
            BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
            FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
            FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
            Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
            Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
            FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
            iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
            Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
            KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
            SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
            References (127)

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