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ze

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "ze"
Languages (33)
English
Albanian • Aukan • Azerbaijani • Basque • Central Nahuatl • Cimbrian • Czech • Dutch • Gun • Haitian Creole • Ido • Japanese • Juba Arabic • Kashubian • Lower Sorbian • Luxembourgish • Mandarin • Middle English • Middle High German • Northern Qiang • Old Czech • Old Polish • Polish • Saterland Frisian • Silesian • Turkish • Turkmen • White Hmong • Xhosa • Yola • Zazaki • Zulu
Page categories

English

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Article

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ze

  1. Nonstandard spelling ofthe(usually signifying a foreign accent, often French or German).
    Synonym:za
    • 1992, Tristan Jones,Adrift, page257:
      Then one French-American sous-chef, still in his white kitchen gear, climbed down from the cockpit, where he had been inspecting the cabin, peering inside, murmuring, "wonderfool–wonderfool,ze workmansheep!"
    • 2000 July 8,J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Yule Ball”, inHarry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (Harry Potter; 4), London:Bloomsbury Publishing,→ISBN,page364:
      Atze Palace of Beauxbatons, we ’ave ice sculptures all aroundze Dining Chamber at Chreetsmas. Zey do not melt, of course … zey are like ’uge statues of diamond, glittering aroundze place.

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ze

  1. (rare, nonstandard)agender-neutral third-person singular subjectpronoun, equivalent to singularthey, and coordinate with gendered pronounshe andshe.
Usage notes
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  • Thegenderqueer community is the primary proponent ofze. One refers to a person withze andhir orzir typically (a) when their gender is unknown, and one wishes to avoid assuming their gender, or (b) when they are neither male nor female in gender, makinghe andshe (and also either/or terms likes/he or(s)he) inappropriate and potentially hurtful.
Synonyms
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Coordinate terms
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See also

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Etymology 3

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Noun

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ze (pluralzes)

  1. The name of theCyrillic script letterЗ /з.

Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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A Gheg dialect word, of unclear origin.

Noun

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ze f (pluralze, definitezeja, definite pluralzejet)

  1. soul

Related terms

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Aukan

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Etymology

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FromDutchzee(“sea”).

Noun

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ze

  1. thesea, theocean

References

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Azerbaijani

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ze

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterZ/z.

See also

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (most dialects)/s̻e/[s̻e]
  • IPA(key): (Biscayan)/s̺e/[s̺e]

  • Rhymes:-e
  • Hyphenation:ze

Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromSpanishce.

Noun

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ze inan

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterC/c.
Declension
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Declension ofze(inanimate, ending in vowel)
indefinitesingularplural
absolutivezezeazeak
ergativezekzeakzeek
dativezerizearizeei
genitivezerenzearenzeen
comitativezerekinzearekinzeekin
causativezerengatikzearengatikzeengatik
benefactivezerentzatzearentzatzeentzat
instrumentalzezzeazzeez
inessivezetanzeanzeetan
locativezetakozekozeetako
allativezetarazerazeetara
terminativezetarainozerainozeetaraino
directivezetarantzzerantzzeetarantz
destinativezetarakozerakozeetarako
ablativezetatikzetikzeetatik
partitivezerik——
prolativezetzat——
Derived terms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Conjunction

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ze

  1. (Biscayan)because
    Synonyms:zergatik,zeren
    • 1596, Joseba Lakarra, editor,Refranes y sentencias [Sayings and sentences] (Euskararen Lekukoak;19)‎[2], Bilbao: Eusklatzaindia, published1996,→ISBN, page248:
      Adi adice Jaungoycoa dagoc adi.
      [Adi adi,ze Jaungoikoa dagok adi.]
      Be careful,because God is watching.
  2. (obsolete)than
    • 1596, Joseba Lakarra, editor,Refranes y sentencias [Sayings and sentences] (Euskararen Lekukoak;19)‎[3], Bilbao: Eusklatzaindia, published1996,→ISBN, page262:
      Nayago dot to bat,çe amaui emon deyat.
      [Naiago dot to bat,ze amabi emon deiat.]
      I prefer a "take one"over twelve "I'll give you one".
  3. (Biscayan, Gipuzkoan)Introduces a subordinate clause expressing a result, consequence or effect;that
    Synonym:ezen
    • c.1567, Joan Perez de Lazarraga, “Doncellachoa, orain çaoz...”, inLazarraga Eskuizkribuaren edizioa eta azterketa. II. Testua, EHU Press, published2020,→ISBN:
      Ala çara mudaduco,ce / ez çau inorc eçautuco
      [Ala zara mudaduko,ze / ez zau inork ezautuko]
      You'll change so muchthat / nobody will recognize you
  4. (archaic, possibly obsolete)Introduces a clause that is the subject or object of a verb;that

Etymology 3

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Determiner

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ze (preposed, interrogative)

  1. Colloquial form ofzer(“what”)

Pronoun

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ze (interrogative)

  1. Colloquial form ofzer(“what”)

Further reading

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  • “ze”, inEuskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque),Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “ze”, inOrotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary],Euskaltzaindia,1987–2005

Central Nahuatl

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Central Nahuatl cardinal numbers
 <  012  > 
   Cardinal :ze
   Ordinal :inik ze

Etymology

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Cognate toClassical Nahuatlce

Numeral

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ze

  1. one.

Cimbrian

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle High Germansi(e)(“they”), merged fromOld High Germansie m pl,sio f pl,siu n pl, fromProto-Germanic*īz m,*ijôz f,*ijō n, the nominative plural forms of*iz. Cognate withGermansie,Dutchzij.

Pronoun

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ze

  1. (Sette Comuni)they
    Synonym:zandare
Inflection
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Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedative
1st person singularichmichmiar
2nd person
singular		familiardudichdiar
politeiartachòich
3rd person
singular		mèar,arin,eniime
fzi,zeiar
nes,ises,'siime
1st person pluralbar,
bandare		zichizàndarn
2nd person pluraliart,
iartàndare,artàndare		òich,achogàndarn
3rd person pluralze,zòi,
zandare		zichinnàndarn
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofzi(“she”)

References

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  • “ze” inMartalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974)Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze [withgenitive]

  1. Alternative form ofz(“from, out of”)

Usage notes

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  • The more usual form isz, whileze is used before words starting withs,z and certainconsonant clusters.

Further reading

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  • “ze”, inPříruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech),1935–1957
  • “ze”, inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ze

  1. unstressed form ofzij(feminine singular subject)
    Daar zitze. ―Thereshe is sitting.
  2. unstressed form ofzij(plural subject)
    Daar zittenze. ―Therethey are sitting.
  3. unstressed form ofhaar(feminine singular object)
    Ik zieze. ―I seeher.
  4. unstressed form ofhen,hun(plural object)
    Ik zieze. ―I seethem.

Usage notes

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  • In the Netherlands,ze is used as a reduced form ofhaar chiefly when referring to feminine inanimate things:
Ik wist de waarheid niet en ik wildeze ook niet weten.
I didn’t know the truth and didn’t wish to knowit either.
It is often avoided by using the reduced formh'r or the masculine formhem or the neuter formhet or, in formal style, the full formhaar.
  • In Belgium,ze is usual as a reduced form ofhaar even when referring to persons (as in the example further above).
  • Ze is used in certain short and idiomatic phrases in the imperative wishing one good luck, the most common by far beingwerk ze(“good luck at work!”).

Declension

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Dutch personal pronouns
subjectobjectpossessivereflexivegenitive5
singularfullunstr.fullunstr.fullunstr.pred.
1st personik'k1mijmemijnm'n1mijnememijner,mijns
2nd personjijjejoujejouwjejouwejejouwer,jouws
2nd person archaic orregiolectalgijgeu–uw–uweuuwer,uws
2nd person formalu–u–uw–uweu,zich7uwer,uws
3rd person masculinehijie1hem'm1zijnz'n1zijnezichzijner,zijns
3rd person femininezijzehaarh'r1,'r1,d'r1haarh'r1,'r1,d'r1harezichharer,haars
3rd person neuterhet't1het't1zijnz'n1zijnezichzijner,zijns
plural
1st personwijweons–ons,onze2–onzeonsonzer,onzes
2nd personjulliejejulliejejullieje–je–
2nd person archaic orregiolectal6gijgeu–uw–uweuuwer,uws
2nd person formalu–u–uw–uweu,zich7uwer,uws
3rd personzijzehen3,hun4zehun–hunnezichhunner,huns
1) Not as common in written language.
2) Inflected as anadjective.
3) Inprescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative).
4) Inprescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative).
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions.
6) To differentiate from the singulargij,gelle (object formelle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms aregijlieden andgijlui ("you people").		7)Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronounu, e.g.Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronounu is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g.U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Onlyu can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g.Meld u aan! 'Log in!', whereu is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, bothu andzich are equally possible, e.g.U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.'

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Gun

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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zé

  1. totake

Haitian Creole

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Etymology

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FromFrenchœufs(“eggs”). In French, the plural formœufs is commonly preceded by a determiner- such asaux,les ormes- whose finals orx is pronounced/z/ before vowels (and is otherwise silent). As a result,œufs was reanalyzed in Haitian Creole as beginning with/z/.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ze

  1. egg

Ido

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Etymology

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Fromz +‎-e.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ze (pluralze-i)

  1. The name of theLatin script letterZ/z.

See also

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Japanese

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Romanization

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ze

  1. Thehiragana syllableぜ(ze) or thekatakana syllableゼ(ze) inHepburn romanization.

Juba Arabic

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Etymology

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FromSudanese Arabicزي(zay), probably fromArabicزِيّ(ziyy,“clothing, way of dressing, appearance”).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. like,as
    • (Can wedate this quote?), “Halawa”, performed byDynamq, River Nile Entertainment:
      banaat mutu ashan umon maze ita
      Girls die because they’re notlike you

References

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  • Ian Smith, Morris Timothy Ama (1985)A Dictionary of Juba Arabic & English‎[4], 1st edition, Juba: The Committee of The Juba Cheshire Home and Centre for Handicapped Children, page181

Kashubian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈzɛ/
  • Rhymes:-ɛ
  • Syllabification:ze

Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz.

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz(both meanings; used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)
    Stej bratšze sotšu. ―They are brother and sister (literally, “brother with sister”)

Luxembourgish

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Alternative forms

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  • zu(for the adverb, when stressed)

Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germanze, fromOld High Germanzi, fromProto-Germanic*ta, reduced form of*tō, whenceLuxembourgishzu andzou.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. to(with a following infinitive)
    De Kaffi ass ze waarm firze drénken.
    The coffee is too hotto drink.

Adverb

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ze

  1. too(more than enough, when unstressed)
    De Kaffi assze waarm fir ze drénken.
    The coffee istoo hot to drink.

Mandarin

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Romanization

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ze

  1. Nonstandard spelling ofzē.
  2. Nonstandard spelling ofzé.
  3. Nonstandard spelling ofzè.
  4. Nonstandard spelling ofzê̄.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishsǣ.

Noun

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofsee(“sea”)

Descendants

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Middle High German

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Preposition

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ze (+ dative)

  1. Alternative form ofzuo

Northern Qiang

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Etymology

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FromProto-Sino-Tibetan*rəj.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ze

  1. water

References

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Zhou Facheng, Sun Hongkai (2010)汉羌词典 [Chinese–Qiang dictionary]‎[5], Beijing:中国文联出版社,→ISBN

Old Czech

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz.

Old Polish

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz

Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Polishz, fromProto-Slavic*jьz.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz

Particle

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ze

  1. (colloquial)Alternative form ofz

Usage notes

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Seez.

Further reading

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  • ze inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ze in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Saterland Frisian

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Etymology

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FromOld Frisian[Term?], fromProto-West Germanic*sī. Cognates includeWest Frisiansy andGermansie.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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ze

  1. unstressed form ofju(“she”)
  2. unstressed form ofjo(“they”)

See also

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Saterland Frisian personal pronouns
subject caseobject case
stressedunstressed
singular1stiekmie
2nddudie
3rdmhieerhim
fjuzehier
ndätetdät
plural1stwieuus
2ndjiejou
3rdjozehier

References

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  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “ze”, inSaterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske,→ISBN

Silesian

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofz

Turkish

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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ze (definite accusativezeyi,pluralzeler)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterZ/z.
See also
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Etymology 2

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FromArabicزَاي(zāy).

Noun

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ze

  1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet:ز

Turkmen

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Noun

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ze (definite accusative[please provide],plural[please provide])

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterZ/z.

White Hmong

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ze

  1. near,close by,around

Xhosa

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Relative

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-ze?

  1. naked
    Synonym:-ntswempu

Inflection

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Relative concord
modifiercopulative
positivenegativepositivenegative
1st singularendizeendingezendizeandize
2nd singularozeongezeuzeawuze
1st pluralesizeesingezesizeasize
2nd pluralenizeeningezenizeanize
class 1ozeongezeuzeakaze
class 2abazeabangezebazeabaze
class 3ozeongezeuzeawuze
class 4ezeengezeizeayize
class 5elizeelingezelizealize
class 6azeangezeazeawaze
class 7esizeesingezesizeasize
class 8ezizeezingezezizeazize
class 9ezeengezeizeayize
class 10ezizeezingezezizeazize
class 11oluzeolungezeluzealuze
class 14obuzeobungezebuzeabuze
class 15okuzeokungezekuzeakuze
class 17okuzeokungezekuzeakuze

Yola

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Verb

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ze

  1. Alternative form ofzee(“to see”)

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page81

Zazaki

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Adverb

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ze

  1. same

Zulu

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /zé/

Relative

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-zé

  1. empty
  2. naked
Inflection
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Relative concord, tone H
modifiercopulative
positivenegativepositivenegative
1st singularengizeengingezengizeangize
2nd singularozeongezeuzeawuze
1st pluralesizeesingezesizeasize
2nd pluralenizeeningezenizeanize
class 1ozeongezeuzeakaze
class 2abazeabangezebazeabaze
class 3ozeongezeuzeawuze
class 4ezeengezeizeayize
class 5elizeelingezelizealize
class 6azeangezeazeawaze
class 7esizeesingezesizeasize
class 8ezizeezingezezizeazize
class 9ezeengezeizeayize
class 10ezizeezingezezizeazize
class 11oluzeolungezeluzealuze
class 14obuzeobungezebuzeabuze
class 15okuzeokungezekuzeakuze
class 17okuzeokungezekuzeakuze
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From-za(“to come”).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ze/

Verb

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-ze

  1. (auxiliary, in positive)until[withsubjunctive]
    Sizolindabaze bafike.
    We will waituntil they arrive.
    Sakhulumawaze wafika uthisha.
    We talkeduntil the teacher arrived.
  2. (auxiliary, in positive, past)used in exclamations[withsubjunctiveclause]
    Waze wamuhle umakoti!
    Oh how beautiful the bride is!
  3. (auxiliary, in negative, present)never[withpotential]
    Angize ngingadla inyama.
    Inever eat meat.
  4. (auxiliary, in negative, past)never[withsubjunctive]
    Akazange agibele ihhashi.
    He hasnever ridden a horse.
Inflection
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This verb needs aninflection-table template.

References

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C. M. Doke,B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-ze”, inZulu-English Dictionary,→ISBN: “-ze”

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