From the first letter of the German wordZentrifuge (centrifuge), because this measurement was first used with centrifugation data.

z-average (pluralz-averages)

1. Aweighted average where the value for each component is weighted by thesquare of itsmass orvolume.
   • 1984, Howard G. Barth,Modern Methods of Particle Size Analysis,→ISBN, page113:

     When proper measurements are made, the parameters of the size distribution most often obtained -- the inversez-average moments -- are not the usually reported parameters of a size distribution.

   • 1995, S. R. Holding, E. Meehan,Molecular Weight Characterisation of Synthetic Polymers,→ISBN, page 4:

     The calculated number average molecular weight is generally very dependent upon the low molecular weight material in the distribution, whilst thez-average is more affected by the high molecular weight material present.

   • 2007 -, Wolfgang Schärtl,Light Scattering from Polymer Solutions and Nanoparticle Dispersions,→ISBN:

     The harmonic average lies in between thez-average and the weight-average particle size.

The term z-average is used primarily in the context of light scattering or centrifugation measurements.

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