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złoty

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:zloty,Zloty,zlotý,andZłoty

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromPolishzłoty.

Noun

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złoty (pluralzłotyorzłotysorzłoteorzłotychorzłoties)

  1. Alternative form ofzloty.
    • 1926 October 1, Wireless toThe New York Times, “Polish Cabinet Out; Diet Wins Victory; Pilsudski’s Power Is Shaken by Budget Cut and Opposition to Two Ministers. []”, inThe New York Times[1], New York, N.Y.:The New York Times Company,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on30 August 2025:
      The lower house of the Diet stood fast upon the Senate's slashing of the budget by 500,000złoties and its opposition to two members of the Cabinet, twice thrust upon it.
    • 1927 March 13, “Notes on Trade and Industry Abroad”, inThe New York Times[2], New York, N.Y.:The New York Times Company,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on30 August 2025:
      The Polish Government has decided to levy an export duty of 15złoty per 100 kilos on rye, as a result of the poor crops in 1923 and the high prices which have prevailed during the last few months.
    • 1945,Bernadotte E[verly] Schmitt, editor,Poland, Berkeley, Calif.; Los Angeles, Calif.:University of California Press, pages228–229:
      A special working fund administered by the State Agricultural Bank was established to meet all expenses connected with the measures necessary for improving the agrarian structure of the country. In the beginning it amounted to 900,000,000złotys. After a cancellation of part of its obligations due on small farms, the balance by December 31, 1938, was more than 667,000,000złotys.
    • 1973, D. Lasok, editor,Polish Civil Law, volume I, Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff,→ISBN, page270:
      Accordingly, if the estate is worth 90,000złotys and the deceased leaves a widow A, and two children B and C, and B has already received 60,000złotys, the calculation is as follows:- the value of a notional estate equals 150,000złotys (90,000 + 60,000) and each share amounts to 50,000złotys.
    • 2005, Peter Black, “TheSonderdienst”, inPieter M. Judson, Marsha L. Rozenblit, editors,Constructing Nationalities in East Central Europe (Austrian and Habsburg Studies; volume 6), New York, N.Y.; Oxford:Berghahn Books,→ISBN, page250:
      Once in the field, theSonderdienstmann received 90złotys per month with a supplement of 11złotys per month when on active duty outside the normal duty station. By the summer of 1941,Sonderdienst men were receiving benefits, including free housing and uniforms as well as an untaxed food allowance of 2.70złotys per day.
    • 2012, Richard Butterwick,The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788–1792: A Political History,Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page92:
      At one extreme, Symeon Szydłowski, the castellan of Żarnów, suggested exempting parish priests with less than 3,000złotys from the new tax. At the other, Suchodolski protested that poor nobles with families on 500złotys a year would also find defenders.
    • 2017 May 11, Natalia Sawka, “Mothers Breastfeeding in Defense of Mother Nature”, inPolitical Critique[3], Warsaw:Krytyka Polityczna, archived fromthe original on15 May 2017:
      Previously, penalties for illegal felling could reach over 15,000złote per tree. Today, they cannot exceed 500złote per tree and 200złote per bush.
    • 2024 October 16, Łukasz Zając, “Polish Border Fortifications Under Testing: "Eastern Shield"”, in Jędrzej Graf, editor,Defence24.com[4], Warsaw: Defence24 Group, archived fromthe original on14 November 2024:
      The Eastern Shield aims to protect Poland in case of further deterioration of the situation. The project’s cost is over 10 billionzłotych.

Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*zoltъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈzwɔ.tɨ/
  • Rhymes:-ɔtɨ
  • Syllabification:zło‧ty

Adjective

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złoty

  1. gold,golden

Declension

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Declension ofzłoty
singulardualplural
masculineneuterfemininevirilenonvirilevirilenonvirile
animateinanimate
nominative
vocative
złotyzłotezłotazłotejzłote
genitivezłotego
złoteg¹
złoteje
złotej¹
złotejuzłotych
dativezłotemu
złotem¹
złotejzłotymazłotym
accusativezłotego
złoteg¹
złotyzłotezłotuzłotejuzłotejzłote,złotychzłote
instrumentalzłotymzłoteju
złotej¹
złotymazłotymi
locativezłotem
złotym²
złotejzłotymazłotych

¹poetic,colloquial
²obsolete,dialectal

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*zoltъ. First attested in the end of the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE)/zɫɔtiː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE)/zɫɔti/

Adjective

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złoty

  1. (attested in Lesser Poland)golden(made of gold)
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎[5],Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages44, 15:
      Wszitka slawa iego czori crolowey od wnøtrz, w podolczechzlotich (in fimbriis aureis), ogarnona rozliczi[to]sczami
      [Wszytka sława jego cory krolowej od wnątrz, w podolcechzłotych (in fimbriis aureis), ogarniona rozliczy[to]ściami]
    • 1876-1929 [1413—1414], Vatroslav Jagić, editor,Archiv für slavische Philologie[6], volume IV, page503:
      Lothowszlothych unciis
      [Łotowzłotych unciis]
  2. (attested in Lesser Poland)golden(containing gold)
    • 1864 [15th century], Jan Długosz, edited by Aleksander Przezdziecki,Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis nunc primum e codice autographo[7], volume III,Krakow, page356:
      Ibi invenies mineram al. *krusczyeczzlothy
      [Ibi invenies mineram al. krusz[cz]eczłoty]
    • 1977 [End of the 15th century], “Vergili Georgicorum schedae Gnesnenses”, in Bogdanus Bolz, Wanda Żurowska-Górecka, editors,Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium, volume 3, page80:
      Salue, magna parens frugum, Saturnia,szlotha, tellus
      [Salue, magna parens frugum, Saturnia,złota, tellus]
  3. (attested in Lesser Poland)golden(dyed a golden color)

Noun

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złoty m animacy unattested

  1. (nominalized, attested in Greater Poland)zloty(currency of Poland)
    • 1959 [1399], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors,Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number406,Poznań:
      Ysz Ramsz ne uinouat witch (pro w tich) trzid[zie]szcezlotich ani w tem postawczu, ani witch (pro w tich) panczi krziwnach
      [Iż Ramsz nie winowat w tych trzyd[zie]ściezłotych ani w tem postawcu, ani w tych pięci grzywnach]
    • 1974 [1427], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors,Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie[9], volume IV, number715,Kalisz:
      Ysze Dobrochna... nye wszyøla poltrzeczya tyszyøczazlotich czyrwonich panyey Margarzaczinich... gyey oczczisny
      [Iże Dobrochna... nie wzięła połtrzecia tysiącazłotych czyrwonych paniej Margarzacinych... jej oćczyzny]
  2. (nominalized)coinminted inRhineland mints
    • 1972 [15th century], Józef Reczek, Wacław Twardzik, editors,Najstarsze staropolskie tłumaczenie ortyli magdeburskich wg rkpsu nr 50, pages93, 4:
      Przydze za kaszdy ortel, czo po prawo szleczye, geden rynszkyszlothy, [co] czyny dwadzyesczą szyrokych grossy
      [Przydzie za każdy ortel, co po prawo ślecie, jeden ryńskizłoty, [co] czyni dwadzieścia szyrokich groszy]
  3. (nominalized, attested in Greater Poland)Goldcoinminted inHungary,worth about thirtygroszy, also used inPoland as aunit ofaccount
    • 1960 [1427], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors,Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number847,Pyzdry:
      Pan poznansky nye posziczil sedmy a dwadzesczaslotich vangerskich
      [Pan Poznański nie pożyczył siedmi a dwadzieściazłotych węgierskich]

Derived terms

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nouns

Descendants

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References

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Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl
złoty (1.1)zegar
złote (1.2)umaszczeniepsa

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Polishzłoty. CompareSilesianzłoty.Doublet ofchlor,zielony, andżółty. In currency sense, compareDutchgulden.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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złoty (not generallycomparable,comparativebardziejzłotyor(rare)złotszy,superlativenajbardziejzłotyor(rare)najzłotszy,no derived adverb)

  1. (not comparable)golden(made of gold)
    Synonyms:złocisty,złotolity,szczerozłoty
  2. (comparable)golden(having a gold color)
    Synonyms:złocisty,złociutki,pozłocisty,złotolity
  3. (not comparable)gold(related with the highest award possible in competitions)
  4. golden(very positively seen)
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:dobry

Declension

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Declension ofzłoty (hard)
singularplural
masculine animatemasculine inanimatefeminineneutervirile (= masculine personal)non-virile
nominative/vocativezłotyzłotazłotezłocizłote
genitivezłotegozłotejzłotegozłotych
dativezłotemuzłotejzłotemuzłotym
accusativezłotegozłotyzłotązłotezłotychzłote
instrumentalzłotymzłotązłotymzłotymi
locativezłotymzłotejzłotymzłotych

Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns
verbs

Related terms

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adjective
noun

Noun

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złoty m animal (abbreviation)

Polish złoty (1.1)
  1. (nominalized)zloty(currency of Poland)
    Synonyms:złocisz,złotówka
  2. (nominalized, heraldry)or(gold or yellow tincture on a coat of arms)

Declension

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Declension ofzłoty
singularplural
nominativezłotyzłote
genitivezłotegozłotych
dativezłotemuzłotym
accusativezłotegozłote
instrumentalzłotymzłotymi
locativezłotymzłotych
vocativezłotyzłote

Derived terms

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nouns

Descendants

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Trivia

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According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),złoty is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 4 times in scientific texts, 108 times in news, 76 times in essays, 19 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 215 times, making it the 262nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^Ida Kurcz (1990), “złoty”, inSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page775

Further reading

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=złoty&oldid=87820423"
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