This form of pronoun is anenclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:
When it follows a verb, it indicates theobject of the verb.
In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms thesubject of an adjectival sentence.
When it follows a relative adjective, such asntj,ntt, orjsṯ, it indicates thesubject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
When it follows an imperative, it indicates thesubjector theobject of the verb.
When it follows a particle likem.k, it indicates thesubject of the clause.
When attached to a preposition, it indicates theobject of the preposition.
1 Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. 2 Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. 3 Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.
This pronoun can also optionally be varied to indicate the identity of the antecedent — a distinction which would not have been indicated in speech, e.g.:
Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofwj
male human
female human
god
god or king
king
king
dead human
In Late Egyptian, this pronoun is occasionally simply omitted from writing, much like the corresponding suffix pronoun.j.
James P[eter] Allen (2010),Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,pages51, 122.
Junge, Friedrich (2005),Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, pages77–78
