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win

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "win"

Translingual

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Symbol

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win

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forWinnebago.

See also

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English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishwinnen, fromOld Englishwinnan(“to labour, swink, toil,”) (compareOld Englishġewinnan(“conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill”)), fromProto-West Germanic*winnan, fromProto-Germanic*winnaną(“to swink, labour, win, gain, fight”), fromProto-Indo-European*wenh₁-(“to strive, wish, desire, love”).

Cognate withLow Germanwinnen,Dutchwinnen,Germangewinnen,Danishvinde,Norwegian Bokmålvinne,Norwegian Nynorsk andSwedishvinna.

Verb

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win (third-person singular simple presentwins,present participlewinning,simple pastwonor(obsolete)wan,past participlewon)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) Toconquer,defeat.
    • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory,Le Morte Darthur, Book IV:
      For and we doo bataille we two wyl fyghte with one knyȝt at ones
      and therfore yf ye wille fyghte ſoo we wille be redy at what houre ye wille aſſigne
      And yf yewynne vs in bataille the lady ſhal haue her landes ageyne
      ye ſay wel ſayd ſir Vwayne
      therfor make yow redy ſo that ye be here to morne in the defence of the ladyes ryght
    • 1998, Rhapsody,Emerald Sword:
      For the glory, the power towin the Black Lord, I will search for the Emerald Sword.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb).
    • c. 17th century, unknown author,The Baron of Brackley (traditional folk song)
      I well may gang out, love, but I'll neverwin home.
    • 1908, Jack London,The Iron Heel:
      No sooner did I get my freedom than my footsteps began to be dogged by the spies of the Iron Heel. It was necessary that they should be thrown off the track, and that I shouldwin to California.
    • 1922, Everard Wyrall,The History of the Second Division 1914-1918:
      As this position was vulnerable, a trench was immediately begun from the junction of the Green Line with Lager Alley, back to the old British front line, in order to form a defensive flank for the protection of the troops of the 5th Infantry Brigade who hadwon through to their objective.
    • 1953, John Craig,The Mint: A History of the London Mint from A.D. 287 to 1948:
      Parson Brooke was transferred in a couple of years to the Southwark mint, on dissolution of which hewon back to the Tower, there to experiment with machinery in Mary's reign.
    • 1596,Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto I”, inThe Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] forWilliam Ponsonbie,→OCLC, stanza 23:
      That euen in the Porch he him didwin,
      And cleft his head aſunder to his chin
    • 1808 February 22,Walter Scott, “(please specify the introduction or canto number, or chapter name)”, inMarmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. forArchibald Constable and Company, […]; London:William Miller, andJohn Murray,→OCLC:
      And when the stony path began,
      By which the naked peak theywon,
      Up flew the snowy ptarmigan.
    • 1886May 1 – July 31,Robert Louis Stevenson,Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris:Cassell & Company, published1886,→OCLC:
      “Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice.
      “That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could butwin to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”
  3. (transitive) Totriumph or achievevictory in (a game, a war, etc.).
  4. (transitive) To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest.
    towin the jackpot in a lottery;  towin a bottle of wine in a raffle
  5. (transitive) To obtain (someone) bywooing; to make an ally or friend of (frequently withover).
  6. (intransitive) To achieve victory.
    Who wouldwin in a fight between an octopus and a dolphin?
  7. (intransitive) To havepower,coercion or control.
    Ever since the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, Bostonians now run as "One Boston." The terrorists did notwin.
  8. (transitive) Toobtain (something desired).
    The company hopes towin an order from the government worth over 5 million dollars.
  9. (transitive) Tocause a victory for someone.
    The success of the economic policies shouldwin Mr. Smith the next elections.
    The policy success shouldwin the elections for Mr. Smith.
  10. (transitive, mining) Toextract (ore, coal, etc.).[1]
  11. (transitive, informal) Todefeat orsurpass someone or something.
  12. (computing, informal, intransitive) To take priority.
    If the local filters conflict with the global filters, the global filters alwayswin.
Conjugation
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Conjugation ofwin
infinitive(to)win
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingularwinwon
2nd-personsingularwin,winnest†won,wonnest†
3rd-personsingularwins,winneth†won
pluralwin
subjunctivewinwon
imperativewin—
participleswinningwon
Derived terms
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Translations
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transitive: achieve victory in
to gain a prize
obtain (someone) by wooing
intransitive: achieve by winning
to obtain (something desired)
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishwinn,winne, fromOld Englishwinn(“toil, labor, trouble, hardship; profit, gain; conflict, strife, war”), fromProto-Germanic*winną(“labour, struggle, fight”), fromProto-Indo-European*wenh₁-(“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Cognate withGermanGewinn(“profit, gain”),Dutchgewin(“profit, gain”).

Noun

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win (pluralwins)

  1. Anindividualvictory.
    Antonym:loss
    Our firstwin of the season put us in high spirits.
    • 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers”, inBBC Sport‎[1]:
      Giovani dos Santos smashed home a third five minutes later to wrap up thewin.
  2. (slang) Afeat carried outsuccessfully; avictoriousachievement.
    Antonym:fail
  3. (obsolete)Gain;profit;income.
  4. (obsolete)Wealth;goods owned.
Derived terms
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Translations
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individual victory
feat, achievement
gain, profit
wealth, goods
  • Middle English:win

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishwynne,winne,wunne, fromOld Englishwynn(“joy, rapture, pleasure, delight, gladness”), fromProto-West Germanic*wunnju, fromProto-Germanic*wunjō(“joy, delight, pleasure, lust”), fromProto-Indo-European*wenh₁-(“to strive, wish, desire, love”).

Cognate withGermanWonne(“bliss, joy, delight”), archaicDutchwonne(“joy”),Danishynde(“grace”),Icelandicyndi(“delight”).

Noun

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win

  1. (Scotland)Pleasure;joy;delight.
  2. Alternative form ofwynn.
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Fromwind.

Verb

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win

  1. (transitive, Scotland) Todry byexposure to thewind.

References

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  1. ^Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond (1881), “Win”, inA Glossary of Mining and Metallurgical Terms. […], Easton, Pa.:[American] Institute[of Mining Engineers], […],→OCLC.

Chuukese

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishwin.

Noun

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win

  1. win
  2. victory
  3. prize

Verb

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win

  1. to win

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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win

  1. inflection ofwinnen:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

Kis

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Noun

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win

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross,Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia,Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
  • Stephen Adolphe Wurm,New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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win (uncountable)

  1. alternative form ofwynne(“happiness”)

Etymology 2

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FromOld Englishwinn, fromProto-West Germanic*winnan, fromProto-Germanic*winną,*winnaną; akin towinnen. Reinforced by earlieriwin, fromOld Englishġewinn.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win (uncountable)

  1. benefit,gain,profit
  2. (Late Middle English)wealth,riches
  3. (Early Middle English)discord,conflict,turmoil
  4. (Early Middle English, rare)exertion,work
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 3

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Verb

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win

  1. alternative form ofwinnen(“to win”)

Etymology 4

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Noun

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win

  1. alternative form ofvine(“grapevine”)

Mokilese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. hair
  2. an animal'sfeathers orscales

Possessive forms

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Possessive forms ofwin (tightly inalienable)
singular
possessor		first personwineioa
second personwinemwen
third personwine
dual
possessors		first person inclusivewinesa
first person exclusivewinema
second personwinemwa
third personwinera
plural
possessors		first person inclusivewinesai
first person exclusivewinemai
second personwinemwai
third personwinerai
remote plural
possessors		first person inclusivewinehs
first person exclusivewinemi
second personwinemwi
third personwinehr
construct formwinen

Derived terms

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North Frisian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Frisianwīn, fromProto-West Germanic*wīn, fromLatinvīnum.

Noun

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win m

  1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring)wine
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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FromOld Frisianwind, fromProto-Germanic*windaz.

Noun

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win m

  1. (Mooring)wind
Alternative forms
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Old Dutch

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*wīn, fromLatinvīnum.

Noun

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wīn m

  1. wine

Inflection

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Declension ofwīn (masculine a-stem noun)
casesingularplural
nominativewīnwīna
accusativewīnwīna
genitivewīneswīno
dativewīnewīnon

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “wīn”, inOudnederlands Woordenboek,2012

Old English

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*wīn fromLatinvīnum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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wīn n

  1. wine
    • c. 810, charter of Christ Church Canterbury, Cotton Augustus II, 79, f1r:
      ...selle mon... mittan fulne huniges oðða tuegenuuines...
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

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Stronga-stem:

singularplural
nominativewīnwīn
accusativewīnwīn
genitivewīneswīna
dativewīnewīnum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win f

  1. genitiveplural ofwina

Noun

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win n

  1. genitiveplural ofwino

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishwind.

Noun

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win

  1. wind
    • 1989,Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea,Jenesis2:7:
      Bihain God, Bikpela i kisim graun na em i wokim man long en. Na em i winimwin bilong laip i go insait long nus bilong man, na man i kisim laip.
      →New International Version translation

Related terms

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Torres Strait Creole

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Etymology

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FromEnglishwind.

Noun

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win

  1. wind

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. soft mutation ofgwin

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofgwin
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
gwinwinngwinunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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win

  1. day
  2. sun

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982),The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[2], Pacific linguistics

Yoruba

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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wìn

  1. toaim at atarget with aprojectile
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Replaced byyá

Pronunciation

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Verb

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wín

  1. toborrow
    Synonym:yá
  2. (transitive) tolend,loan
    Synonym:yá
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Compare withOlukumiwẹ́n and possiblyIgalamẹ́, also used by SEY speakers, it has largely been replaced bysún mọ́ in standard Yoruba

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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wín

  1. (dated) to benear orclose tosomething
    Synonym:sún mọ́
Derived terms
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Related terms
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