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whole

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishwhol,hol,hole(“healthy, unhurt, whole”), fromOld Englishhāl(“healthy, safe”), fromProto-West Germanic*hail, fromProto-Germanic*hailaz(“whole, safe, sound”), fromProto-Indo-European*kéh₂ilos(“healthy, whole”).

The spelling withwh-, attested since ca. 1400, represents an excrescent/w/, which developed in words with initial/(h)ɔː/,/(h)oː/ in southwestern dialects of Middle English.[1] While this pronunciation did not establish itself in the standard language (except inone), the spelling survived inwhole andwhore, in the former case likely reinforced by a desire to disambiguate fromhole.

Cognates

CompareWest Frisianhiel,Low Germanheel/heil,Dutchheel,Germanheil,Danish andNorwegian Bokmålhel,Norwegian Nynorskheil; alsoWelshcoel(“omen”),Bretonkel(“omen, mention”),Old Prussiankails(“healthy”),Old Church Slavonicцѣлъ(cělŭ,“healthy, unhurt”). Related tohale,health,hail,hallow,heal, andholy.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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whole (comparativewholerormorewhole,superlativewholestormostwhole)

  1. Entire,undivided.
    Synonyms:total;see alsoThesaurus:entire
    I ate awhole fish.
    • 1661,John Fell,The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond‎[2]:
      During thewhole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of thewhole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…]
    • 1892,Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, inThe Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.:Harper & Brothers, […],→OCLC,page16:
      Athelstan Arundel walked home all the way, foaming and raging.[…] He walked thewhole way, walking through crowds, and under the noses of dray-horses, carriage-horses, and cart-horses, without taking the least notice of them.
    • 1900 February 3 [1900 January 31], “THE STATE OF SHANTUNG.”, inHongkong Weekly Press, volume L,number 5, sourced from Daily Press,page71, column 1:
      A traveller in 1887 describes the difference between the peoples found when crossing the frontier in the Ichow prefecture. In Kiangsu he had been met by rudeness and obstruction, on his entering Shantung, at the very first village he was received with courtesy and even kindness, and he found the same feelings expressed through thewhole province.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      “[…] She takes thewhole thing with desperate seriousness. But the others are all easy and jovial—thinking about the good fare that is soon to be eaten, about the hired fly, about anything.”
    • 2013 June 29, “High and wet”, inThe Economist, volume407, number8842, page28:
      Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and evenwhole villages.
    1. Used as an intensifier.
      I brought awhole lot of balloons for the party.  She ate awhole bunch of french fries.
      • 2016, Rae Carson,Like a River Glorious, HarperCollins,→ISBN:
        There, a huge blue heron stands sentry like a statue, eye on the surface, waiting for his next meal to wriggle by. A lone grassy hill overlooks it all, well above the flood line, big enough to pitch a wholemess of tents [on].
      • 2011, Keith Maillard,Looking Good: Difficulty at the Beginning, Brindle and Glass,→ISBN:
        I'm thinking, thanks awhole fuck of a lot, Robert. You could have laid that on me weeks ago.
  2. Sound,uninjured,healthy.
    Synonyms:hale,well;see alsoThesaurus:healthy
    He is ofwhole mind, but the same cannot be said about his physical state.
    • 1939,Alfred Edward Housman,Additional Poems, X, lines 5-6:
      Here, with one balm for many fevers found, /Whole of an ancient evil, I sleep sound.
  3. (of food) From which none of its constituents has been removed.
    whole wheat;whole milk
  4. (mining) As yetunworked.

Translations

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entire
food with no constituents removed
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

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whole (comparativemorewhole,superlativemostwhole)

  1. (colloquial) Inentirety;entirely;wholly.
    Synonyms:seeThesaurus:completely
    I ate a fishwhole!
    That’s awhole other story.

Translations

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colloquial: in entirety

Noun

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whole (pluralwholes)

  1. Somethingcomplete, without any partsmissing.
    Synonyms:entireness,totality;see alsoThesaurus:entirety
    Meronym:part
    This variety of fascinating details didn't fall together into an enjoyable, coherentwhole.
  2. Anentirety.

Derived terms

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Translations

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something complete

References

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  1. ↑1.01.1Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957),English pronunciation 1500-1700‎[1], second edition, volume II: Phonology,Oxford:Clarendon Press, published1968,→OCLC,§ 430,page997.

Further reading

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  • “whole”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.
  • All and whole — Linguapress online English grammar

Anagrams

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